The Integrated Microbial Genomes (IMG) system serves as a community resource for comparative analysis of publicly available genomes in a comprehensive integrated context. IMG integrates publicly ...available draft and complete genomes from all three domains of life with a large number of plasmids and viruses. IMG provides tools and viewers for analyzing and reviewing the annotations of genes and genomes in a comparative context. IMG's data content and analytical capabilities have been continuously extended through regular updates since its first release in March 2005. IMG is available at http://img.jgi.doe.gov. Companion IMG systems provide support for expert review of genome annotations (IMG/ER: http://img.jgi.doe.gov/er), teaching courses and training in microbial genome analysis (IMG/EDU: http://img.jgi.doe.gov/edu) and analysis of genomes related to the Human Microbiome Project (IMG/HMP: http://www.hmpdacc-resources.org/img_hmp).
We show that applying feedback and weak measurements to a quantum system induces phase transitions beyond the dissipative ones. Feedback enables controlling essentially quantum properties of the ...transition, i.e., its critical exponent, as it is driven by the fundamental quantum fluctuations due to measurement. Feedback provides the non-Markovianity and nonlinearity to the hybrid quantum-classical system, and enables simulating effects similar to spin-bath problems and Floquet time crystals with tunable long-range (long-memory) interactions.
This monograph studies optimization problems for rigid punches in elastic media and for high-speed penetration of rigid strikers into deformed elastoplastic, concrete, and composite media using ...variational calculations, tools from functional analysis, and stochastic and min-max (guaranteed) optimization approaches with incomplete data. The book presents analytical and numerical results developed by the authors during the last ten years.
The Acidobacteria is one of the major bacterial phyla in soils and peatlands. The currently explored diversity within this phylum is assigned to 15 class-level units, five of which contain described ...members. The ecologically relevant traits of acidobacteria from different classes remain poorly understood. Here, we compared the patterns of acidobacterial diversity in sandy soils of tundra, along a gradient of increasing vegetation-unfixed aeolian sand, semi-fixed surfaces with mosses and lichens, and mature soil under fully developed plant cover. The Acidobacteria-affiliated 16S rRNA gene sequences retrieved from these soils comprised 11 to 33% of total bacterial reads and belonged mostly to members of the classes Acidobacteriia and Blastocatellia, which displayed opposite habitat preferences. The relative abundance of the Blastocatellia was maximal in unfixed sands and declined in soils of vegetated plots, showing positive correlation with soil pH and negative correlation with carbon and nitrogen availability. An opposite tendency was characteristic for the Acidobacteriia. Most Blastocatellia-affiliated reads belonged to as-yet-undescribed members of the family Arenimicrobiaceae, which appears to be characteristic for dry, depleted in organic matter soil habitats. The pool of Acidobacteriia-affiliated sequences, apart from Acidobacteriaceae- and Bryobacteraceae-related reads, had a large proportion of sequences from as-yet-undescribed families, which seem to specialize in degrading plant-derived organic matter. This analysis reveals sandy soils of tundra as a source of novel acidobacterial diversity and provides an insight into the ecological preferences of different taxonomic groups within this phylum.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The rapid development of additive manufacturing technologies in the construction industry has heightened interest in the accurate estimation of the structural build-up rates of cementitious ...materials, especially in in-situ conditions. For this purpose the constant shear rate (CSR) test performed by rotational rheometers using the single-batch approach can be applied. The paper at hand presents possibilities in improving the methodology of experiments and data analysis in the CSR test, for particular rheometers, and discusses both the features and limitations of the test. The breaking criterion is proposed for the CSR tests to prevent excessive deformation in a single sample measurement. Evaluation of the elastic properties of cementitious materials by the CSR test is assessed; two approaches for the characterisation of structural build-up rate based on proportionality limit and flow onset points are compared. The findings are illustrated for the examples of cement paste and cementitious mortars tested using two different types of rotational rheometers.
El estilo comercial oficial se formó en la lengua literaria rusa antes que otros estilos, y sigue siendo relevante actualmente. También tiene un fuerte impacto en el discurso de los medios de ...comunicación modernos, especialmente en el discurso de las noticias de Internet. Para implementar la categoría de credibilidad, en el discurso de Internet de los medios modernos se utilizan características del estilo comercial oficial, como la objetividad, la formalidad, la oficialidad, la neutralidad y la ausencia de juicio del autor. La composición estandarizada de los documentos se correlaciona con la estructura compositiva cliché de las noticias. Esta es una forma impersonal de narración, construcciones pasivas, numerales, cronotopo, abreviaturas, sustantivos verbales y otras características del estilo comercial oficial. El estudio del estilo comercial oficial nos permite establecer paralelismos con las peculiaridades del discurso periodístico moderno en el entorno de Internet. La investigación sobre la influencia del estilo comercial oficial en el estilo del discurso informativo de Internet demuestra una tendencia importante en el periodismo informativo contemporáneo: presentación oficial de información, que la audiencia percibe como socialmente significativa, confiable y de alta calidad.
Heat-treated serpentine products from mining wastes have been examined to remediate highly contaminated soil with total concentration of Cu 10470 mg/kg and Ni 5300 mg/kg. The series of laboratory and ...field experiments (for 10 years) were conducted. The modified Tessier method was used to assess the metals geochemical mobility. The effect of hydration on the chemical stability of the components and sorption properties of thermally activated serpentine were studied. The hydration of heat-treated serpentine decreased the leaching of the main components (Mg and Si) that indicates their partial binding in a newly formed compound—magnesium silicate. Hydration of heat-treated serpentine did not lead to the changes in the phase composition and the geochemical mobility of the precipitated Ni and Cu compounds. The hydration affected the sorption value at the 1 day of the interaction but after 30 days this difference partially leveled. A laboratory experiment showed that thermally activated serpentine was effective for the Cu and Ni sorption from sulfate solutions. The substantial changes in chemical properties of soil mixtures after ten years of the field experiment were found. In the first year of the field experiment, the pH values of soil mixtures were alkaline (9.4–9.9) and were significantly higher compared to the pH 4.0 of the initial peat soil. Over 10 years, the soil pH at the experimental sites gradually decreased and reached values of 7.2–8.6. The introduction of thermoactivated serpentines led to a decrease in the share of the most mobile exchangeable fraction. The most noticeable effect of thermoactivated serpentines on metal mobility in the polluted peat soil revealed for Cu; its migration coefficient decreased from 1.8 in the peat soil to 0.7 in the mixtures with heat-treated serpentines. The sum of Cu mobile fractions in the experimental variants became lower compared with initial peat by 50–70%, while Fe was lower by 30%, and Zn—by 80%. The increase in the proportion of the most strongly bound fraction was observed for all metals in the experimental variants compared with initial soil. The coefficient of metal accumulation for Ni and Cu was significantly lower than 1, indicating protective mechanisms in plants. The high content of mobile Mg and Ca compounds seems to be the determining factor in this process. The grass communities forming in the 10-years experiment showed high productivity and stability even under constant airborne industrial pollution. The thermally activated serpentine minerals can be recommended for the in situ remediation of landscapes with completely lost vegetation during the long-term impact of industrial emissions.
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