In this research we will get an insight into the achievements in mastering foreign languages for one specific student with difficulties. The student with disabilities, the foreign language teacher, ...the student's mother and the educational rehabilitator participated in the research. The teacher states the support of the inclusive secondary vocational school that the student attends and copes with all challenges. One of the methods used in teaching was mobile learning during the three-month online teaching period of pandemic situation caused by Covid-19. During this period Croatia was forced for the first time in history to implement online teaching. For the purpose of this study all of the students besides this student attended classes in the virtual classroom called Edmodo. Edmodo is the mobile application which is considered as a tool for mobile learning. Mobile learning means that students use their portable devices in order to learn. The interview, used as a method of data collection, was written by participants via email due to the required physical distancing. The materials were then transcribed and a quantitative data analysis was performed. Difficulties in the work of foreign language teachers have been identified, such as lack of experience, lack of teaching assistants as well as lack of additional teaching aids and specific materials and the specific teachers’ training for teaching in the contemporary inclusive school. At the end, the authors suggest guidelines for teachers in vocational schools in adopting new skills and competences in their teaching process in an inclusive school.
The designing of Croatian language lessons begins with the teacher’s preparation, that is, thinking about what learning outcomes should be achieved, what teaching contents they can be achieved with, ...how to check or evaluate these outcomes and what methodological tools to apply in order to achieve what has been planned. In the planning of Croatian language lessons, the starting point for teachers is the plan and programme, namely, the curriculum, which prescribes the teaching contents, that is, the educational outcomes. Currently in the Republic of Croatia there are several national documents: on the one hand the subject curriculum of the Croatian language, which is based on learning outcomes, and on the other hand curricula for primary school, grammar schools and vocational schools, which are based on teaching contents. This fundamental difference also conditioned the changed approach to the designing of Croatian language teaching, which was an incentive to think about how teachers prepare for Croatian language lessons according to the subject curriculum, that is, how they design Croatian language lessons. Since the teachers present their lesson plans in written form, the research material consisted of 23 collected written lesson plans for Croatian language lessons. In the analysis of the collected material, four established categories were observed and analysed: learning outcomes, activities, media and evaluation. The results showed the representation of all these categories in the collected material, although in different proportions. Learning outcomes are the most common, and the media the least represented.
The development of technology over the last decade has fundamentally changed our daily lives, and consequently the methodological and didactic approach to the teaching process. The intensive ...development of information and communication technologies has introduced significant changes in the teaching processes in recent decades and focuses teaching methodology on issues of approaching e-learning and changes in teaching and learning to adapt teaching to the present requirements and opportunities. To satisfy the requirements of the contemporary school, culture can be interpreted as "historical creation (of the people) expressed through material and spiritual achievements, production, styles and ways of working – to put it simply a kind of wisdom of living" (Previšić, 2010, p. 170). This is exactly what the application of modern information and communication technologies offers for teaching and learning the English language as a foreign language. One of the important segments of the culture of the contemporary school is the teaching process, which must first of all be modern and innovative. The research aimed to examine the attitudes of the students of the vocational schools in Osijek-Baranja County towards information and communication technology in learning and teaching. The data were collected through a questionnaire and it was found that respondents are very positive about the use of information and communication technologies in learning and teaching, but they are also aware of some of the pitfalls that technology brings.
The intensive development of information and communication technologies has introduced significant changes in teaching over recent decades and has shifted the focus of teaching methodology in higher ...education towards e-learning and e-teaching. The transition to online teaching was accelerated by the coronavirus crisis in 2020. During the various lockdowns, most teachers were forced to swiftly transfer their activities online and had to deal with the issue of the online evaluation of students’ work to be able to successfully complete the academic year. One of the biggest challenges for teachers seems to have been the prevention of e-cheating. This appears to have resulted in much higher, unrealistic grades for some students, whereas those who do not e-cheat fall unfairly behind. The aim of this paper is to analyse the achievements of students at the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in Osijek in the courses of Contemporary English Language 1, 2, 3 and 4 in the academic years 2018/2019, 2019/2020 and 2020/2021, by comparing the achievements of the same students in the classroom environment in the winter semester and in the online environment in the summer semester. The students’ achievements will be additionally compared with the previous academic years in order to establish whether there is a significant difference in the students’ achievement working on the same task forms in the off-line and online environment. The overall objective is to explore the possibilities and problems of applying different task forms for the e-teaching of both general English and English for Academic Purposes in higher education, in order to ensure the most objective, realistic and fair results at the end of the courses and to raise the students’ awareness of the importance of academic and professional integrity.
The Department of English Language and Literature and the Department of Information Sciences cooperatively, for the purpose of providing additional foreign language training for their students, ...developed application FFOS Test Your Knowledge (FFOS TYK). TYK was realized as a mobile application for the hybrid development model which allows deployment on multiple platforms. The application is intended primarily for the students of the English language and literature, but it can also be used by other students. The application is available on mobile devices, tablets, laptops and personal computers, and via wireless internet at the faculty students have the free access to it. Each user is given the option for registration and login so that their work can be statistically monitored and ranked. Research data shows that students choose the tests dealing with problem areas, but they prefer shorter tasks when it comes to typing the words. We can conclude that the overall success is rather well distributed with the majority of students scoring around 50% or above with just a few being excellent, and also not many failing to solve the tasks well. The application gives feedback to students and ranks them anonymously. It also offers teachers the possibility to increase the number of questions in the tests and to create the new tests and monitor the success of their students.
The Department of English Language and Literature and the Department of Information Sciences cooperatively, for the purpose of providing additional foreign language training for their students, ...developed application FFOS Test Your Knowledge (FFOS TYK). TYK was realized as a mobile application for the hybrid development model which allows deployment on multiple platforms. The application is intended primarily for the students of the English language and literature, but it can also be used by other students. The application is available on mobile devices, tablets, laptops and personal computers, and via wireless internet at the faculty students have the free access to it. Each user is given the option for registration and login so that their work can be statistically monitored and ranked. Research data shows that students choose the tests dealing with problem areas, but they prefer shorter tasks when it comes to typing the words. We can conclude that the overall success is rather well distributed with the majority of students scoring around 50% or above with just a few being excellent, and also not many failing to solve the tasks well. The application gives feedback to students and ranks them anonymously. It also offers teachers the possibility to increase the number of questions in the tests and to create the new tests and monitor the success of their students.
The use of e-learning has been recommended at all levels of the educational system, thus in higher education as well, but it is very often reduced to downloading teaching materials from the teachers' ...websites. Students rarely participate in forums discussing some teaching topics, and they even less use the learning management system in their educational process (Dukić & and Mađarić, 2012). Among the learning management systems, the web application Moodle, which is based on the principles of constructivism and constructionism, is particularly popular. Constructivism assumes that learning is a social process where individuals learn through interacting with other people (Pritchard & Woollard, 2010), while constructionism additionally includes correlation of knowledge and social action (Burr, 2003). To encourage students to learn through interaction, we conducted an action research with the attempt to explore the possibilities of initiating discussions on the network forum of the Moodle system. The research was organised within the Pedagogy course in the first year of the teacher studies during the two academic years. The most important advantages of this way of learning proved to be the freedom and flexibility of participation, the possibility of exchanging experiences and ideas, reflection and collaborative learning. Discussions on web forums have shown also certain deficiencies such as inadequate and unequal activity of all participants, the lack of connection to the discussions of other participants (monologue form of writing), the lack of criticism, too long texts, technical problems and the problem of availability of computers connected to the Internet. This research has shown that it is possible to organise a constructivist e-learning in higher education students enjoy participating in. Key words: action research; cooperative learning; learning management system; Moodle; web-based discussion forum - - - Premda se već duže vrijeme preporučuje korištenje e-učenja na svim razinama obrazovnog sustava, a time i u visokoškolskom obrazovanju, ono se vrlo često svodi na preuzimanje nastavnih materijala s mrežnih stranica nastavnika. Studenti znatno rjeđe sudjeluju na forumima posvećenim nastavnoj problematici, a još se rjeđe koriste sustavima za upravljanje učenjem u procesu obrazovanja (Dukić i Mađarić, 2012). Među sustavima za upravljanje učenjem posebno je popularna mrežna aplikacija Moodle koja je utemeljena na principima konstruktivizma i konstrukcionizma. Pri tome konstruktivizam polazi od pretpostavke da je učenje socijalni proces u kojemu ljudi uče u interakciji s drugim ljudima (Pritchard i Woollard, 2010), a konstrukcionizam tome dodaje povezanost znanja i socijalne akcije (Burr, 2003). Kako bi potakli studente na učenje putem međusobne interakcije proveli smo akcijsko istraživanje u kojemu smo nastojali istražiti mogućnosti ostvarivanja rasprava na mrežnom forumu sustava Moodle. Istraživanje je provedeno u okviru kolegija Pedagogija na prvoj godini Učiteljskog studija tijekom dvije akademske godine. Kao najvažnije prednosti takvog načina učenja uočili smo slobodu i fleksibilnost sudjelovanja, mogućnost razmjene iskustava i ideja, refleksivnost i suradničko učenje. Rasprave na web-forumu pokazale su određene nedostatke koje su se najčešće odnosile na nedovoljnu i nejednaku aktivnost svih sudionika, nepovezanost s raspravama drugih sudionika, nedovoljnu kritičnost, preduge tekstove i javljanje tehničkih problema. Ovo istraživanje je pokazalo mogućnosti organizacije konstruktivističkog e-učenje u visokoškolskoj nastavi u kojem studenti rado sudjeluju. Ključne riječi: akcijsko istraživanje; Moodle; mrežni forum za raspravu; suradničko učenje; sustav za upravljanje učenjem.
Ovaj se rad bavi istraživanjem korištenja informacijsko-komunikacijskih tehnologija među studentima i učenicima Osječko-baranjske županije. Ispitivanje je provedeno u dvije faze – prije i tijekom ...pandemije. U prvoj je fazi ispitano 152 studenata Filozofskog fakulteta u Osijeku tijekom tri akademske godine. U drugoj je fazi ispitano 118 gimnazijalaca. Ispitivanje se odnosilo na iskustva u upotrebi elektroničkih uređaja u slobodno vrijeme i na nastavi na daljinu. U istraživanju se uspoređuju rezultati istraživanja prije pandemije kada je nastava na daljinu bila samo podrška uobičajenoj nastavi uživo s rezultatima kada je nastava provođena isključivo na daljinu 2020. godine. Opisuju se neki alati koji su korišteni u nastavi te studentska i učenička iskustva u njihovom korištenju kao i promjene stavova i ponašanja u primjeni tehnologije tijekom pet godina.
The paper gives an overview of the centuries-old tradition of voluntary service associations for the protection of natural and cultural heritage of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern ...Ireland. The founders of the presented associations have invested their free time, energy, as well as their own financial resources to protect their heritage. It is this philanthropic and voluntary aspect of their work that has contributed to the long-term survival of these associations and helped them gain the confidence of people. Therefore, the number of their members has been constantly increasing, and they have been receiving growing financial resources through donations. Volunteers undertake a wide spectrum of activities, ranging from the management of heritage areas to their restoration and maintenance, from monitoring the implementation of plans and laws to the initiation of adoption of new laws or amendments to deficient laws. They organize fundraising,purchase areas which should be protected, organize the management and presentation of heritage,and design educational activities for a variety of visitors. The model that these institutions have applied for many years is something we should seek to apply in other countries, such as Croatia, who are trying to invest in higher quality tourism development. The improvement of cultural tourism and tourism culture is the only safe way to promote a sustainable development of this industry, if we wish to minimise the negative elements it entails.
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