The paper deals with the devoted to ecological architectural projects undertaken in the areas of historic urban spaces. In many Polish and European cities, historic urban areas have been preserved, ...including many completed in the 19th century. They create a valuable cultural heritage, which is currently undergoing a process of revitalization, the aim of which is to transform degraded areas in social, architectural and economic terms. The first part of the papers defines the main eco-strategies used during revitalization activities in historic urban areas. A division has been made: a) permanent eco-strategy being an intervention into the historic structure of buildings introducing techniques and technologies using renewable energy sources, energy-saving and environment-friendly installations, and b) temporary eco-strategy involving the introduction of architectural and artistic facilities within public and semi-public spaces using ecological techniques and technologies. The second part presents examples of implemented actions in Polish and European cities, which focused on temporary eco-strategy in public and semi-public spaces. The conducted research suggests that revitalization programs are often long-term and often destroy the original, well-preserved structure of buildings, which should be protected and used as a cumulative "embodied energy" (energy and labour load invested in the construction of the building). The answer to these problems can be ecological project activities consisting of small spatial treatments, with minimal effort, which thanks to their creativity and originality ensure high efficiency. These activities combined with the limitation of a thorough modernization of a historic building substance can be ensured by a successful revitalization and restauration process.
Tematem artykułu jest proza rozrachunków inteligenckich, ukazująca się w latach 1946-1948 (Drewniany koń K. Brandysa, Jezioro Bodeńskie S. Dygata, Nagrobek S. Otwinowskiego oraz zbiór opowiadań P. ...Hertza pt. Sedan). Strategia narracyjna obecna w utworach sprzyja poszukiwaniu w nich pierwiastków autobiograficznych. Autorka śledzi związki między życiem politycznym pisarzy a kreacją stworzonych przez nich bohaterów literackich, zastanawia się, w jakim stopniu w dziełach są widoczne oczekiwania stawiane twórcom przez władzę komunistyczną w latach czterdziestych.
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•Grafting membrane surface with polyelectrolyte chains as an anti-fouling treatment.•Membranes grafted with poly(acrylic acid) have stronger anti-fouling properties at higher ...pH.•Coarse grained molecular dynamics for computation of repulsive force induced by polymer chains.
Grafting of ultrafiltration membranes with polyelectrolyte chains is considered as an anti-fouling treatment. In this research, grafting of poly(acrylic acid) chains to the surface of polypropylene ultrafiltration membrane was obtained by a Fenton–type reaction. Due to the surface modification treatment, we observe a decrease of susceptibility to particulate fouling of the modified membranes. The improvement of membrane properties is observed as a decrease of silica deposited on the surface of membranes in a given time of ultrafiltration process. This effect is exceptionally visible at high pH of filtered suspension. The experimental results have been supported by the numerical modeling of dynamics of polyelectrolyte chain anchored to the membrane surface. This model (based on coarse grained molecular dynamics) allowed us to obtain the dependence of the repulsive force between the membrane and particle on their distance. Considering the value of this force, together with the classical DLVO interactions (van der Waals force, electric double layer force) we were able to predict the stability of suspension in the vicinity of the membrane surface and thus the susceptibility of membrane to fouling.
Central and Eastern European countries were subjugated to the Soviet Union in the second half of the 20th century. In this new political environment, defined as the period of dependency, the concept ...of space gained a new denotation as a space of dependence, in both social and physical terms. The political changes that took place after 1989 enabled these spaces to be emancipated. In this work, we aim to delineate the complex relationship between architecture and politics from the perspective of spaces of dependence and their emancipation. Through a case study of two squares, plac Żołnierza Polskiego (the Square of the Polish Soldier) and plac Solidarności (Solidarity Square) in Szczecin, we gained insights into the processes and strategies that promoted their evolution into spaces of emancipation within architectural and urban narratives. Szczecin’s space of dependence was created by an authoritarian state that had a monopoly on defining architecture and urban planning in the country and the state as a whole. In a process orchestrated by economic factors, as well as the scale of architectural and urban degradation, the squares under discussion have transitioned from spaces of dependency to spaces of emancipation. As a result, an architectural-urban structure characterized by new cultural and identity values has been created.
The article deals with the so-called “literature of retribution”, produced between 1946–1948. Post- war literary criticism accused intellectual characters of passivity, self-centeredness and reserve ...towards contemporary socio-political transformations. The only issue perceived by critics was the attempt to establish the role of the intelligentsia in times of historic breakthrough. My article shows that this way of interpreting the literature of retribution is insufficient. It becomes obvious that the interpretative key used by the literary critics of the 1940s was Marxist ideology, and that their conclusions narrow the scope of the issues touched upon in these novels. These literary works do not only relate the experiences of one social class – they deal with universal issues, those connected with human existence in general and the relationship between the individual, society and the world. The category I use to extract the universal issues from the literary works analysed here is melancholy. The use of the melancholic perspective enriched the traditional interpretation of the “literature of retribution” by lending it a new context and allowing the rehabi- litation of the intellectuals it portrayed.
One of the most common forms of ischemic heart disease is chronic coronary syndromes (CCS), formerly known as stable coronary artery disease. During the last 15 years, the European Society of ...Cardiology has modified the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of CCS three times. The aim of this study was to analyze the changes in non-invasive diagnostics and pharmacotherapy of CCS that occurred in the last three guidelines. In non-invasive diagnostics, the most important change was reduction of the role of the electrocardiographic exercise test in favor of non-invasive stress imaging tests and computed tomography angiography. In pharmacotherapy, the role of β-blockers and calcium channel blockers has increased in controlling heart rate and symptoms. Intensive hypolipemic treatment for prevention of cardiovascular events and treatment with low doses of novel oral anticoagulants for those at high risk of cardiovascular events with sinus rhythm are among the recommendations.
Transgenic chickens have, in general, been produced by two different procedures. The first procedure is based on viral transfection systems. The second procedure, the non-viral method, is based on ...genetically modified embryonic cells transferred directly into the recipient embryo. In this review, we analyzed the effectiveness of important elements of the non-viral, cell-based strategy of transgenic chicken production. The main elements of this strategy are: isolation and cultivation of donor embryonic cells; transgene construction; cell transfection in vitro; and chimera production: injection of cells into recipient embryos, raising and identification of germline chimeras, mating germline chimeras, transgene inheritance, and transgene expression. In this overview, recent progress and important limitations in the development of transgenic chickens are presented.
The MAF translocations, t(14;16) and t(14;20), are considered as adverse prognostic factors based on few studies with small sample sizes. We report on their prognostic impact in a large group of 254 ...patients - 223 (87.8%) with t(14;16) and 31 (12.2%) with t(14;20). There were no intergroup differences in survival estimates. Median progression-free survival was 16.6 months for t(14;16) and 24.9 months for t(14;20) (p = 0.28). Median overall survival (OS) was 54.0 months and 49.0 months, respectively (p = 0.62). Median OS in patients who underwent double autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) was 107.0 months versus 60.0 months in patients who received single ASCT (p < 0.001). ISS 3 was associated with shorter OS (HR = 1.89; 95% CI 1.24-3.19; p = 0.005) in Cox analysis. Our study suggests that t(14;20) should be considered as an adverse factor of equal prognostic implication to t(14;16).
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
This article is an attempt to pay attention to the rich heritage of the capital of Western Pomerania and to contribute to the discussion on the need to raise the monument’s history of its most ...valuable elements. The cultural landscape of Szczecin, which is a multicultural heritage of the historic Pomerania cultural area, is, by virtue of its origin, a carrier of original, authentic values that are absent in other Polish cities and regions.According to the authors it is possible to distinguish of three areas, that together reflect the groundbreaking process of spatial development in the history of the city, having authenticity and originality in the country. The first part of the entry should include the historic urban layout of Szczecin’s Śródmieście (Downtown) at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth century with the form of star and triangular development quarters, as well as urban and architectural and landscape complexes, which are important components of it: Wały Chrobrego (Hakenterrasse), Jasne Błonia (Quistorpaue) and Cmentarz Centralny (Hauptfriedhof).The spatial and aesthetic qualities, the historical significance and the uniqueness of the particular elements of the aforementioned teams predestine them in our opinion to be included in the list of Historical Monuments.
Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a readily accessible and commonly tested hematological indicator. Recent studies revealed a significant impact of MPV on the course and prognosis of many diseases, ...including some types of cancer, as well as on the incidence of atrial fibrillation and bleeding. The study aimed to perform a retrospective analysis of MPV in terms of time to first treatment (TTFT) and to determine its prognostic value in the group of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Moreover, the study includes a retrospective analysis of platelet parameters in patients treated with ibrutinib concerning bleeding and atrial fibrillation.
The study included 523 patients with CLL, for 344 the most important cytogenetic aberrations were reported. The Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, Kaplan-Meier, chi-squared, log‑rank tests and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model were used to analyze collected data.
The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to identify optimal cut-off value for MPV. The analysis of survival curves showed that in the group of patients with higher values of MPV TTFT was significantly longer than in the group with lower MPV (17.9 vs 36 months, p=0.0015, cut-off value for MPV= 10.4 fl). In multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model low MPV, the presence of del11q and del13q provided independent prognostic value for TTFT (HR=0.69, 95%-CI, 0.5293 to 0.9081; p=0.0078; HR=1.76, 95%-CI, 1.3000 to 2.3882, p=0.0003, HR=0.74, 95%-Cl, 0.5674 to 0.9588, p=0.0229, respectively). In the group treated with ibrutinib, 59 patients had no significant correlation between MPV level and the incidence of therapy complications, although in the group of patients with low MPV there was a tendency for more frequent occurrence of atrial fibrillation (p=0.259).
Low MPV values are associated with unfavorable prognosis and might represent a novel, independent prognostic factor in CLL.
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