A multicenter study was undertaken to determine the sensitivity and reproducibility of markers for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viral growth and the effect of various preparations of ...lymphocytes on the sensitivity of standard and routinely used procedures for HIV-1 isolation. In phase 1, cocultivated culture supernatants obtained from 10 HIV-1 cultures were transported to three Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) Virology Laboratories. Three commercial HIV-p24 antigen capture (AC) tests and two reverse transcriptase (RT) assays were used to ascertain the replication of HIV-1. The Du Pont and Abbott AC assays were found to be most sensitive (85-100%), and the RT assay with 24-h incubation period had comparable sensitivity (75-100%). In phase II, the sensitivity of standard cocultivation procedure for HIV-1 isolation was compared using freshly phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA-P)-stimulated, stimulated-frozen, and frozen-thawed and then stimulated normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as cocultivating cells. Blood samples from 13 HIV-1 infected individuals with various CD4+ cell counts were cocultivated in each of the three MACS laboratories using one of the aforementioned normal PBMCs. The PHA-P-stimulated fresh normal PBMC showed a maximum isolation rate of 100% (13 of 13) with an average of 8 days to positivity. This rate of isolation was significantly greater than other rates using any one of the other PBMC preparations. These findings demonstrated that the use of freshly PHA-P stimulated PBMCs maximized HIV-1 isolation from blood when a sensitive HIV-1 p24 AC assay or RT assay with overnight incubation is employed for the detection of HIV in culture supernatant.
To describe the application of pharmaceutical care practices in the administration of new therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals used in the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL).
At the Antibody ...Labeling Facility at the University of Nebraska Medical Center, the nuclear pharmacist provides support in the formulation, preparation, and quality testing of radiopharmaceuticals. The nuclear pharmacist also provides direct patient care by assisting in the administration of radiopharmaceuticals, monitoring patients during their infusions, and counseling patients on radioimmunotherapy and radiation safety.
Expanding the role of the nuclear pharmacist in treating patients with NHL using radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies (MABs).
The nuclear pharmacist provides specialized pharmaceutical care by being involved in planning patient care, administering diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals, performing individualized patient dose calculations, monitoring patients, and counseling patients.
Number of patients treated with radiolabeled MABs.
Since January 1996, 85 patients with NHL have been treated using 131I-tositumomab (Corixa, GlaxoSmithKline), an anti-B1 MAB, under various clinical research protocols requiring specialized pharmaceutical care. The nuclear pharmacist on the team provided direct patient care, assisting with the administration of diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals under a collaborative agreement with a nuclear medicine physician or a radiation oncologist. Other pharmaceutical care activities performed include calculating individual patient doses, obtaining medication histories, counseling patients on their therapy and on radiation safety after early release, and monitoring patients for adverse effects during medication infusion. Patients have responded favorably to nontraditional nuclear pharmacy activities.
The nuclear pharmacist has become an important member of the health care team that provides a new and unique therapy for patients with NHL. To date, the nuclear pharmacist, in collaboration with the nuclear medicine physician or the radiation oncologist, has successfully administered the tositumomab and 131I-tositumomab combination therapy without significant incident.
Results from the STAR TPC system test Betts, W.; Bieser, F.; Bossingham, R. ...
1996 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium. Conference Record,
1996, Letnik:
1
Conference Proceeding
Odprti dostop
A system test of various components of the Solenoidal Tracker at RHIC (STAR) detector, operating in concert, has recently come on-line. Communication between a major sub-detector, a sector of the ...Time Projection Chamber (TPC), and the trigger, data acquisition and slow controls systems has been established, enabling data from cosmic ray muons to be collected. First results from an analysis of the TPC data are presented. These include measurements of system noise, electronic parameters such as amplifies gains and pedestal values, and tracking resolution for cosmic ray muons and laser induced ionization tracks. A discussion on the experience gained in integrating the different components for the system test is also given.
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