Polypropylene mesh has been shown to shrink up to 50%; however, little is known about other changes that may occur while it is implanted. It is unclear whether such changes have clinical impact; ...nonetheless, knowledge of such can ultimately affect the technique of implantation and may affect outcomes. The objective of this study was to evaluate surgically explanted mesh after two years implantation for evidence of change in morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Secondly, we describe a novel technique for quantifying such changes with intentions for future validation. SEM imaging was conducted and mesh changes were visualized. SEM images revealed deep surface cracks both transverse and longitudinal, flaking and peeling of fibers, as well as fibrosis. Microstructural quantification of cracks was also completed. The fraction of transverse cracked area to whole surface area was 24.2%. Average crack length range was 0.58 to 71.46 µm and average crack thickness range was 0.99 to 25.46 µm. Polypropylene mesh is subject to structural changes after surgical implantation. It is important to investigate how these processes impact clinical outcomes. Validated techniques of quantifying such changes can prove useful in future research and aid in development of the ideal graft.
Book reviews Ennker, Benno; Tormey, Simon; Jasiński, Piotr ...
Europe-Asia Studies,
11/1/1996, Letnik:
48, Številka:
7
Book Review
Recenzirano
Robert Service, Lenin: A Political Life. Vol. 3: The Iron Ring. Basingstoke and London: Macmillan, 1995, xxi + 393 pp., £45.00.
Stephen Kotkin, Magnetic Mountain: Stalinism as a Civilization. London: ...University of California Press, 1995, xxv + 639 pp., £45.00.
Yilmaz Akyüz, Detlef Kotte, Andràs Köves & László Szamuely (eds), Privatization in the Transition Process. Recent Experiences in Eastern Europe. Geneva: United Nations, 1994, x + 418 pp.
Jerzy Hausner, Bob Jessop & Klaus Nielsen (eds), Strategic Choice and Path-dependency in Post-Socialism. Cheltenham, Edward Elgar, 1995, xiii + 330 pp. £49.95.
Wladimir Andreff (ed.), Le Secteur Public à I'Est. Restmcturation Industrielle et Financière. Paris: L'Harmattan, Collection 'Pays de I'Est', 1995, 238 pp.
Jonathan Klavens & Anthony Zamparutti, Foreign Direct Investments and Environment in Central and Eastern Europe: A Survey. Washington DC: The World Bank, 1995. x + 44 pp., $7.95.
Valdas Samonis, Foreign Investment in the East. New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 1995, 77 pp., £22.50.
Taras Kuzio, Ukrainian Security Policy. Washington DC: Praeger, 1995, xiv + 168 pp., £13.50.
Anssi Paasi, Territories, Boundaries and Consciousness: The Changing Geographies of the Finnish-Russian Border. Chichester: John Wiley, 1996. xxi + 353 pp., £45.00.
Tuomo Polvinen, Imperial Borderland, Bobrikov and the Attempted Russification of Finland, 1898-1904. London: Hurst, 1995, x + 342 pp. £32.50.
Hugh Poulton, Who are the Macedonians? London: Hurst, 1995, xvii + 218 pp., £12.50.
Jacob M. Landau, Pan-Turkism. From Irredentism to Cooperation. London: Hurst, 1995, viii + 275 pp., £14.95.
Kenneth Lieberthal, Governing China: From Revolution through Reform. New York: W. W. Norton and Company Inc., 1995, xxii + 498 pp., £22.00.
Robert Benewick & Paul Wingrove (eds), China in the 1990s., Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1995, x + 272 pp., £11.99.
A. James Gregor, Marxism, China and Development. New Brunswick: Transaction Books, 1995, xi + 283 pp., £34.95.
David G. Marr, Vietnam 1945: The Quest for Power. Berkeley, Los Angeles, London: University of California Press, 1995, xxviii + 602 pp., $50.00.
Janet W. Salaff, Working Daughters of Hong Kong: Filial Piety or Power in the Family. New York: Columbia University Press, 1995, xxxvi + 317 pp., $17.50.
Irene Bloom (ed.), Knowledge Painfully Acquired. New York: Columbia University Press, 1996, ix + 226 pp., £14.95.
Walter Laqueur, The Dream that Failed: Reflections on the Soviet Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994, ix + 231 pp., £18.99.
David Iosifovich Ortenberg. Stalin, Shcherbakov, Mekhlis, i drugie. Moscow: MP 'Kodeks', Ob"edinennaya redaktsiya MVD Rossii, 1995, 208 pp.
Lewis H. Siegelbaum & Ronald Grigor Suny (eds), Making Workers Soviet: Power, Class and Identity. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1994, xiii + 399 pp., £41.50 h/b, £16.50 p/b.
Walter S. Dunn, Jr, The Soviet Economy and the Red Army, 1930-1945. Westport, CT: Praeger, 1995, ix + 256 pp., £53.95.
A. J. Heywood & I. D. C. Button, Russian Locomotive Types, The Union Legacy. Malmo: Frank Stenvalls Forlag, 1995, vi + 175 pp. Obtainable in UK from Luddenden Press, 19 Goitside, Booth, Halifax HX2 6SY, £14.45.
George Orwell, Animal Farm. London: Seeker and Warburg 1995, 180 pp.
An improved differential pulse polarographic method for the determination of saccharin in foods has been developed. The sample (if solid) is blended with water; an aliquot is acidified with HCl, ...mixed with Celite, transferred to a chromatographic column, and eluted with chloroform. After chloroform is evaporated with a current of air, the residue is dissolved in 0.1N NaOH, and an aliquot is polarographed in a supporting electrolyte composed of 0.1N HCl, 0.1N KCl, and 0.1% tetrabutylammonium bromide. The method is sensitive, relatively precise, and applicable to a wide variety of foods. A collaborative study has been conducted and the results indicate average recoveries of 101.5, 99.8, 96.9, and 95.3%, respectively, for samples containing saccharin from 0.028 to 1.4%. The method has been adopted as official first action.
