In this paper, we present a method for providing quality of service using bandwidth limitation. In practical demonstration of the idea, we have used an algorithm for packet queuing, a technique ...applicable in a setup where the systems are connected to the Internet through a server and the server receives and distributes all the packets requested from the all the users in the network. The idea basically involves making queues for all the packets and then, to guarantee quality of service, transmitting the packets after suitable delay. In summary, we have designed a module which can be used in a network with a server and which provides services like limiting data transfer rate, user based priority, and other related services.
Bandwidth management using weighted fair queuing Qadeer, Mohammed A.; Habib, Shahid; Javaid, A. Yazdan
Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Advanced Infocomm Technology,
07/2008
Conference Proceeding
In this paper, we present a new technique for Bandwidth allocation among users in a server controlled network in a technical, industrial or institutional setup. In creating our project we shall be ...using fair queuing i.e. the system which is connected to the internet and on which our software is installed will be receiving all the packets requested from the user. Then putting all packets in a queue and transmitting them after a suitable delay will guarantee that the users receive the allocated bandwidth. The method is to send all network traffic to a centralized bandwidth manager that provides prioritization, rate limiting and other related services.
Some factors affecting the pathogenicity of Alternaria alternata against the weed Rumex dentatus Siddiqui, I., King Saud Univ., Riyadh (Saudi Arabia). Botany and Microbiology Dept; Bajawa, R; Javaid, A., University of Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590 (Pakistan). Inst. of Mycology and Plant Pathology
Philippine Agricultural Scientist (Philippines),
(Sep 2009), Letnik:
92, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Rumex dentatus L. is a problematic weed of wheat. Recently Alternaria alternata has been reported as a new pathogen on this weed, resulting in up to 70% mortality of the host plant. This study was ...conducted to optimize the conditions to maximize the potential of the pathogen for use as a mycoherbicide agent for the management of R. dentatus. Thus, the effect of spore concentration (10 sup3, 10 sup5 and 10 sup7 condinia/mL), host-plant growth stage (2-3 leaf, 4-5 leaf and 10-12 leaf or flowering stage), dew period (100% humidity for 12, 18 and 24 h) and temperature (20, 25 and 30 deg C) on the pathogenicity of A. alternata was investigated. To further enhance the disease potential of the pathogens, different formulations of infected propagules (1 and 2% gelatin, 1 and 2% carboxymetylcellulose (CMC), 1:1 gelatin and CMC, 10 and 20% canola oil emulsion) were also used. The pathogenicity of A. alernata increased with increasing spore concentration and length of dew period. A spore concentration of 10 sup7 condinia/mL in 20% canola oil emulsion under 100% relative humidity for 24h resulted in 100% mortality of R. dentatus plants at the 2-3 and 4-5 leaf stages. Infection and mortality in mature plants at the 10-12 leaf stage was lower. The maximum mortality of the host plant was observed at 25 deg C and 30 deg C.
Penetration of ofloxacin into bronchial secretions following a single 400 mg oral dose was studied in 52 patients. Bronchial secretions were aspirated at bronchoscopy between one and 24 h after ...dosing and blood was collected at the same time. Mean bronchial secretion concentrations between 2 and 2.6 mg/l were measured in 36 patients between 1 and 6 h but there was considerable individual variation in both serum and bronchial aspirate concentrations. Concentrations declined slowly between 9 and 24 h to a mean value of 0.4 mg/l at 24 h. Correlation between serum and sputum concentrations of ofloxacin was fairly good despite marked deviation in some individuals. The ratios of the concentration in bronchial secretion to serum were remarkably constant at 1 to 6 h, varying between 0.96 during the third and fourth hours and 0.81 in the sixth hour. The results suggest that ofloxacin in a 400 mg oral dose is likely to achieve therapeutic activity against respiratory pathogens including Streptococcus pneumoniae, with sustained activity against more sensitive organisms for up to 24 h.
The paper presents a new approach for Bandwidth control in Broadband Access Networks, especially Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) and Cable Internet (DOCSIS) users. The basic idea is to have a broadband ...line to the server receiving all the incoming bandwidth. The approach is to have bandwidth division among various VLANs in a network connected via a switch to a centralized server. This approach can be implemented either in an institution where the amount of bandwidth to each department falling under one VLAN can be allocated proportional to the usage and requirements or in an industry where bandwidth needs to be allocated to various divisions. The concept of giving bandwidth according to the VLAN has been made to enhance security and ensuring that the traffic of one VLAN reaches that particular VLAN only. The basic idea is to have a broadband line to the server receiving all the incoming bandwidth. The server then queue the packets according to the VLAN id. The VLAN id of some department having paid for higher bandwidth or having more importance will be given higher priority at the server. All packets belonging to a particular VLAN will be queued in the same queue. The VLAN having higher precedence will have more of its packets sent than the other queues to ensure that the VLAN which was allocated higher bandwidth will receive that bandwidth. The idea is to have VLANs spread across multiple switch yet providing the proportionate bandwidth to each VLAN and also provide mobility to each member of VLAN. Some end users who are of interdisciplinary departments will be members of two or more VLANs.
Field evaluation of Alternaria alternata as mycoherbicide for the management of Rumex dentatus L Siddiqui, I., King Saud Univ., Riyadh (Saudi Arabia). Botany and Microbiology Dept; Bajwa, R; Javaid, A., University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590 (Pakistan). Inst. of Mycology and Plant Pathology
Philippine Agricultural Scientist (Philippines),
(Mar 2010), Letnik:
93, Številka:
1
Journal Article
The study investigated the mycoherbicidal potential of Alternaria alternata to control Rumex dentatus L., a problematic weed of wheat(Triticum aestivum L.), under field conditions. Two wheat ...cultivars, viz. Inqalab 91 and Punjab 96, were co-cultivated with R.dentatus at 1:1 crop-weed ratio. Mycoherbicidal formulation was prepared in 20% canola oil emulsion with 10 sup 7 conidial/mL. The mycoherbicidal formulation was sprayed at the 2-3 and again at the 4-5 leaf stage of the weed. Application of mycoherbicide significantly reduced the biomass of the target weed species up to 88% and enhanced the number of fertile tillers, shoot and root biomass and grain weight in both wheat cultivars. The study concludes that A. alternata can be used as a potential biological agent for the management of R. dentatus in wheat.
We report on four radio-detected cosmic-ray (CR) or CR-like events observed with the Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA), a NASA-sponsored long-duration balloon payload. Two of the four ...were previously identified as stratospheric CR air showers during the ANITA-I flight. A third stratospheric CR was detected during the ANITA-II flight. Here we report on characteristics these three unusual CR events, which develop nearly horizontally, 20-30~km above the surface of the Earth. In addition, we report on a fourth steeply upward-pointing ANITA-I CR-like radio event which has characteristics consistent with a primary that emerged from the surface of the ice. This suggests a possible \(\tau\)-lepton decay as the origin of this event, but such an interpretation would require significant suppression of the Standard Model \({\tau}\)-neutrino cross section.
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) in combination with Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) is a popular method for high data rate wireless transmission. The use of multiple antennas ...at both sides of the link offers an additional fundamental gain-spatial multiplexing gain, which results in increased spectral efficiency. This paper is concerned with the simulation, modeling and performance evaluation of Multiple Input Multiple Output Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) with improved performance. In this scheme OVSF codes have been used for image spreading before transmission as it solves the synchronization problem and minimizes the effect of unwanted noise during transmission. Rayleigh fading channel has been used in the proposed scheme. The performance of the proposed scheme has been tested on image signal and checked by waveforms and plots by calculating bit error rate and pixel error rate. Various digital modulation techniques have been used for checking the performance of the proposed scheme.
