The bone marrow (BM) stroma in myeloid neoplasms is altered and it is hypothesized that this cell compartment may also harbor clonal somatically acquired mutations. By exome sequencing of in vitro ...expanded mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from n = 98 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and n = 28 healthy controls we show that these cells accumulate recurrent mutations in genes such as ZFX (n = 8/98), RANK (n = 5/98), and others. MDS derived MSCs display higher mutational burdens, increased replicative stress, senescence, inflammatory gene expression, and distinct mutational signatures as compared to healthy MSCs. However, validation experiments in serial culture passages, chronological BM aspirations and backtracking of high confidence mutations by re-sequencing primary sorted MDS MSCs indicate that the discovered mutations are secondary to in vitro expansion but not present in primary BM. Thus, we here report that there is no evidence for clonal mutations in the BM stroma of MDS patients.
Spot blotch caused by the hemibiotrophic pathogen Cochliobolus sativus has been the major yield-reducing factor for barley production during the last decade. Monitoring transcriptional reorganization ...triggered in response to this fungus is an essential first step for the functional analysis of genes involved in the process. To characterize the defense responses initiated by barley resistant and susceptible cultivars, a survey of transcript abundance at early time points of C. sativus inoculation was conducted. A notable number of transcripts exhibiting significant differential accumulations in the resistant and susceptible cultivars were detected compared to the non-inoculated controls. At the p-value of 0.0001, transcripts were divided into three general categories; defense, regulatory and unknown function, and the resistant cultivar had the greatest number of common transcripts at different time points. Quantities of differentially accumulated gene transcripts in both cultivars were identified at 24 h post infection, the approximate time when the pathogen changes trophic lifestyles. The unique and common accumulated transcripts might be of considerable interest for enhancing effective resistance to C. sativus.
A Simple Method for Assessing Severity of Common Root Rot on Barley Arabi, M.I.D., Atomic Energy Commission of Syria, Damascus, Syria; Jawhar, M., Atomic Energy Commission of Syria, Damascus, Syria
The plant pathology journal,
12/2013, Letnik:
29, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Common root rot caused by Cochliobolus sativus is a serious disease of barley. A simple and reliable method for assessing this disease would enhance our capacity in identifying resistance sources and ...developing resistant barley cultivars. In searching for such a method, a conidial suspension of C. sativus was dropped onto sterilized elongated subcrown internodes and incubated in sandwich filter paper using polyethylene transparent envelopes. Initial disease symptoms were easily detected after 48h of inoculation. Highly significant correlation coefficients were found in each experiment (A, B and C) between sandwich filter paper and seedling assays, indicating that this testing procedure was reliable. The method presented facilitates a rapid pre-selection under uniform conditions which is of importance from a breeder's point of view.
Alternative Measure for Assessing Incidence of Leaf Stripe on Barley Arabi, Mohammad Imad Eddin, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, AECS, Damascus, Syria; Jawhar, Mohammad, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, AECS, Damascus, Syria
The plant pathology journal,
06/2012, Letnik:
28, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Pyrenophora graminea, the causal agent of leaf stripe disease, is an economically important pathogen of barley found worldwide. It is critical to clearly define and standardize the leaf stripe ...assessment methods to avoid subjectivity and variability between assessors. Therefore, in this study, a comparison between the proportion of diseased plants (DP) and the proportion of diseased leaves (DL) per plant was investigated. Disease assessments were made visually at multiple sample sites in artificially and naturally inoculated research and production fields during four growing seasons. There were significant differences (P = 0.001) among cultivars in mean DP and DL averages, which are consistently higher in susceptible barley. However, DP values increased linearly as DL increased. The slopes and intercepts of the DP-DL relationship were consistent over the four growing seasons. This result might make a significant contribution for leaf stripe assessment in barley breeding programme.
Leaf scald caused by the infection of Rhynchosporium secalis, is a worldwide crop disease resulting in significant loss of barley yield. In this study, a systematic sequencing of expressed sequence ...tags (ESTs) was chosen to obtain a global picture of the assembly of genes involved in pathogenesis. To identify a large number of plant ESTs, which are induced at different time points, an amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) display of complementary DNA (cDNA) was utilized. Transcriptional changes of 140 ESTs were observed, of which 19 have no previously described function. Functional annotation of the transcripts revealed a variety of infection-induced host genes encoding classical pathogenesis-related (PR) or genes that play a role in the signal transduction pathway. The expression analyses by a semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed that Rar1 and Rpg4 are defense inducible genes, and were consistent with the cDNA-AFLP data in their expression patterns. Hence, the here presented transcriptomic approach provides novel global catalogue of genes not currently represented in the EST databases.
Characterization of Pyrenophora graminea Markers Associated with a Locus Conferring Virulence on Barley Mokrani, Lubna, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, AECS, Damascus, Syria; Jawhar, Mohammad, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, AECS, Damascus, Syria; Shoaib, Amina, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, AECS, Damascus, Syria ...
The plant pathology journal,
09/2012, Letnik:
28, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The fungus Pyrenophora graminea is the causal agent of barley leaf stripe disease. Two leaf stripe isolates PgSy3 (exhibiting high virulence on the barley cultivar 'Arabi Abiad') and PgSy1 ...(exhibiting low virulence on Arabi Abiad), were mated and 63 progeny were isolated and phenotyped for the reaction on Arabi Abiad. The population segregated in a 1:1 ratio, 32 virulent to 31 avirulent (χ² = 0.05, P = 0.36), indicating single gene control of PgSy3 virulence on Arabi Abiad. Among 96 AFLP markers identified, three AFLP markers, E37M50-400, E35M59-100 and E38M47-800 were linked to the virulence locus VHv1 in isolate PgSy3. The results of this study indicate that (the three markers) are closely linked to VHv1 and are unique to isolates carrying the virulence locus. This work represents an initial step towards map-based cloning of VHv1 in P. graminea.
Just go green Saqib Ali; Mohammed Degan; Abdullah Omar ...
Brazilian journal of operations & production management,
04/2024, Letnik:
21, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Goal: This study explores the connection between green innovation components and the competitive advantage of the manufacturing sector in China through the mediating role of green organizational ...culture and the moderating role of access to finance. Methodology: A self-administered survey with 310 respondents was used to collect data from the industrial sector. Data were examined using SmartPLS, and a bootstrapping method was used. Results: The findings demonstrated that the suggested moderated mediation model was accepted because the associations between the constructs were statistically significant. The mediating effect of green organizational culture and the moderating effect of access to finance were performed. The results showed that the proposed moderated mediation model was accepted because the relationships between the constructs were statistically significant. The results of the data analysis supported a positive relationship between green innovation and competitive advantage as well as a mediating effect of green organizational culture. Limitations: The study is limited to the Chinese economy; hence future studies can replicate these results on developing and developed economies. Furthermore, large sample size, different industrial sector and more advance analysis techniques can also be used in future studies. Practical Implications: The study has practical implication of green innovation and green organizational culture in enhancing competitive advantage in the Chinese manufacturing sector, considering access to finance. Originality / Value: This study contributes to the current vain of literature by examining the noval connection between competitive advantage and green innovation components of manufacturing sector in China through the mediating role of green organizational culture and the moderating role of access to finance.
Greenhouse Method for Assessing Spot Blotch Resistance in Barley Arabi, Mohammad Imad Eddin, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, AECS, Damascus, Syria; Jawhar, Mohammad, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, AECS, Damascus, Syria
The plant pathology journal,
12/2010, Letnik:
26, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
New sources of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) resistant to spot blotch, caused by Cochliobolus sativus, are needed to provide effective resistance because of the rapid change pathotype patterns of C. ...sativus in fields. The purposes of our study were to develop a method to screen barley for resistance to spot blotch disease and then use this methodology to screen barley genotypes for resistance to the major virulent pathotype Pt4 in barley populations in Syria. A transparent tape method, in which a conidial suspension of C. sativus was dropped onto transparent tape and placed, treated-side down, on the second leaf surface of barley plants. Disease symptoms of fungus were easily detected on the leaves covered by the transparent tape after 48h of inoculation. The transparent tape method was repeatable and the disease scores obtained were correlated (r = 0.91, P = 0.001) with those obtained by the seedling assay. This method may be beneficial in various plant pathology breeding programs.
Pathogenic Groups Identified Among Isolates of Rhynchosporium secalis Eddin Arabi, Mohammad Imad, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, AECS, Damascus, Syria; Al-Shehadah, Eyad, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, AECS, Damascus, Syria; Jawhar, Mohammad, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, AECS, Damascus, Syria
The plant pathology journal,
09/2010, Letnik:
26, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Scald, caused by Rhynchosporium secalis has been the major yield-reducing factor for barley production during the last decade. In this study, pathogenic groups of R. secalis were identified to obtain ...a global picture of the assembly of isolates involved in Syrian populations which is essential for the development of scald-resistant barley cultivars. To identify a number of pathogenic groups, 49 isolates collected over ten years from major barley growing areas in Syria were evaluated on five differential barley genotypes. Genotypes presented a continuous range of response from highly susceptible to moderately resistant, but none were immune to the disease. A cluster analysis placed isolates in six distinct differential pathogenic groups. Mean disease rating of 39.24% was the separation point between avirulent and virulent reactions. Isolate Rs46 exhibited distinct differential virulence patterns associated with high frequency across all genotypes. Hence, the data presented here provides crucial information for future selection of isolates to develop durable barley scald resistance.
Pyrenophora graminea, the causal agent of leaf stripe disease, is an economically important pathogen of barley found worldwide. Forty-four isolates of diverse geographical origin within Syria were ...grouped into vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) by demonstrating heterokaryosis by complementation tests using nitrate nonutilizing (nit) mutants. All isolates were grouped into three VCGs-1-A, 1-B and 1-C. No self-incompatibility was observed in any of the isolates tested. VCG 1-A was the most common group within growing regions in Syria and proved to be the most virulent of the VCGs identified. These data indicate that the level of virulence in P. graminea is related to VCG.
PDF
