Previous studies showed that feigning amnesia for a crime impairs actual memory for the target event. Lack of rehearsal has been proposed as an explanation for this memory-undermining effect of ...feigning. The aim of the present study was to replicate and extend previous research adopting a mock crime video instead of a narrative story. We showed participants a video of a violent crime. Next, they were requested to imagine that they had committed this offense and to either feign amnesia or confess the crime. A third condition was included: Participants in the delayed test-only control condition did not receive any instruction. On subsequent recall tests, participants in all three conditions were instructed to report as much information as possible about the offense. On the free recall test, feigning amnesia impaired memory for the video clip, but participants who were asked to feign crime-related amnesia outperformed controls. However, no differences between simulators and confessors were found on both correct cued recollection or on distortion and commission rates. We also explored whether inner speech might modulate memory for the crime. Inner speech traits were not found to be related to the simulating amnesia effect. Theoretical and practical implications of our results are discussed.
Background: The need for computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) to rule out pulmonary embolism (PE) is based on clinical scores in association with D-dimer measurements. PE is a recognized ...complication in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection due to a pro-thrombotic state which may reduce the usefulness of preexisting pre-test probability scores. Aim: The purpose was to analyze new clinical and laboratory parameters while comparing existing and newly proposed scoring system for PE detection in hospitalized COVID-19 patients (HCP). Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 270 consecutive HCPs who underwent CTPA due to suspected PE. The Modified Wells, Revised Geneva, Simplified Geneva, YEARS, 4-Level Pulmonary Embolism Clinical Probability Score (4PEPS), and PE rule-out criteria (PERC) scores were calculated and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AuROC) was measured. Results: Overall incidence of PE among our study group of HCPs was 28.1%. The group of patients with PE had a significantly longer COVID-19 duration upon admission, at 10 vs 8 days, p = 0.006; higher D-dimer levels of 10.2 vs 5.3 μg/L, p < 0.001; and a larger proportion of underlying chronic kidney disease, at 16% vs 7%, p = 0.041. From already established scores, only 4PEPS and the modified Wells score reached statistical significance in detecting the difference between the HCP groups with or without PE. We proposed a new chronic kidney disease, D-dimers, 10 days of illness before admission (CDD-10) score consisting of the three aforementioned variables: C as chronic kidney disease (0.5 points if present), D as D-dimers (negative 1.5 points if normal, 2 points if over 10.0 μg/L), and D-10 as day-10 of illness carrying 2 points if lasting more than 10 days before admission or 1 point if longer than 8 days. The CDD-10 score ranged from –1.5 to 4.5 and had an AuROC of 0.672, p < 0.001 at cutoff value at 0.5 while 4PEPS score had an AuROC of 0.638 and Modified Wells score 0.611. The clinical probability of PE was low (0%) when the CDD-10 value was negative, moderate (24%) for CDD-10 ranging 0–2.5 and high (43%) when over 2.5. Conclusions: Better risk stratification is needed for HCPs who require CTPA for suspected PE. Our newly proposed CDD-10 score demonstrates the best accuracy in predicting PE in patients hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
COVID-19 prediction models mostly consist of combined clinical features, laboratory parameters, and, less often, chest X-ray (CXR) findings. Our main goal was to propose a prediction model involving ...imaging methods, specifically ultrasound. This was a single-center, retrospective cohort observational study of patients admitted to the University Hospital Split from November 2020 to May 2021. Imaging protocols were based on the assessment of 14 lung zones for both lung ultrasound (LUS) and computed tomography (CT), correlated to a CXR score assessing 6 lung zones. Prediction models for the necessity of mechanical ventilation (MV) or a lethal outcome were developed by combining imaging, biometric, and biochemical parameters. A total of 255 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia were included in the study. Four independent predictors were added to the regression model for the necessity of MV: LUS score, day of the illness, leukocyte count, and cardiovascular disease (χ2 = 29.16, p < 0.001). The model accurately classified 89.9% of cases. For the lethal outcome, only two independent predictors contributed to the regression model: LUS score and patient’s age (χ2 = 48.56, p < 0.001, 93.2% correctly classified). The predictive model identified four key parameters at patient admission which could predict an adverse outcome.
Participants who are asked to simulate amnesia for a mock crime have a weaker memory for this event when they have to give up their role as a feigner, than those who are not asked to feign memory ...loss. According to the source monitoring framework (SMF), this memory-undermining effect of simulating amnesia for a crime would be due to misattribution of the right source of information. However, we know that the content of self-generated information (e.g., feigned version of the crime) might be preserved and recognised over time as a result of elaborative cognitive processing. In the present study, we aimed to contrast these two explanations. We showed participants a mock crime video and we instructed them to either feign amnesia (simulators) or confess the mock crime (confessors). Next, a free recall memory test was administered. After one week, participants were asked to perform a personalised source monitoring task using the autobiographical Implicit Association Test (aIAT). As predicted, we found that simulators were able to discriminate the content of their self-generated feigned story of the crime from the original version. Moreover, simulators were quicker than confessors at the aIAT task. Practical and theoretical implications of our results are discussed.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
•Induction of diabetes type 1 and type 2 causes significant epidermal thinning.•Induction of diabetes type 1 and type 2 causes significant loss of intraepidermal nerve fibers.•Cutaneous changes were ...more pronounced in a model of diabetes type 1.•Increased pain-related behavior was observed only in a model of diabetes type 1.•Cutaneous changes could be predegenerative marker of neuropathy.
To examine the mechanisms contributing to pain genesis in diabetic neuropathy, we investigated epidermal thickness and number of intraepidermal nerve fibers in rat foot pad of the animal model of diabetes type 1 and type 2 in relation to pain-related behavior. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Diabetes type 1 was induced with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) and diabetes type 2 was induced with a combination of STZ and high-fat diet. Control group for diabetes type 1 was fed with regular laboratory chow, while control group for diabetes type 2 received high-fat diet. Body weights and blood glucose levels were monitored to confirm induction of diabetes. Pain-related behavior was analyzed using thermal (hot, cold) and mechanical stimuli (von Frey fibers, number of hyperalgesic responses). Two months after induction of diabetes, glabrous skin samples from plantar surface of the both hind paws were collected. Epidermal thickness was evaluated with hematoxylin and eosin staining. Intraepidermal nerve fibers quantification was performed after staining skin with polyclonal antiserum against protein gene product 9.5. We found that induction of diabetes type 1 and type 2 causes significant epidermal thinning and loss of intraepidermal nerve fibers in a rat model, and both changes were more pronounced in diabetes type 1 model. Significant increase of pain-related behavior two months after induction of diabetes was observed only in a model of diabetes type 1. In conclusion, animal models of diabetes type 1 and diabetes type 2 could be used in pharmacological studies, where cutaneous changes could be used as outcome measures for predegenerative markers of neuropathies.
One major challenge during the COVID-19 pandemic was the limited accessibility to healthcare facilities, especially for the older population. The aim of the current study was the exploration of the ...extent to which the healthcare systems responded to the healthcare needs of the older people with or without cognitive impairment and their caregivers in the Adrion/Ionian region. Data were collected through e-questionnaires regarding the adequacy of the healthcare system and were anonymously administered to older individuals and stakeholder providers in the following countries: Slovenia, Italy (Calabria), Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, Montenegro, and Serbia. Overall, 722 older people and 267 healthcare stakeholders participated in the study. During the COVID-19 pandemic, both healthcare stakeholders and the older population claimed that the healthcare needs of the older people and their caregivers increased dramatically in all countries, especially in Italy (Calabria), Croatia and BiH. According to our results, countries from the Adrion/Ionian regions faced significant challenges to adjust to the special needs of the older people during the COVID-19 pandemic, which was possibly due to limited accessibility opportunities to healthcare facilities. These results highlight the need for the development of alternative ways of providing medical assistance and supervision when in-person care is not possible.
The Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (FLIPI) is widely used in the identification of risk groups among follicular lymphoma (FL) patients. The aim of the present study was to ...evaluate the prognostic value of FLIPI combined with the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) and histological grade of lymphoma. 224 newly diagnosed FL patients (median age 56 years) treated with immunochemotherapy were retrospectively analysed. Low FLIPI had 21.0 % of patients, intermediate 28.1 % and high 46.9 %. 50.9 % of patients had no comorbidities. Only 7.1 % of patients had a high CCI score (≥2), while 25.9 % of patients were histological grade 3. Parameters that influenced overall survival were evaluated using Cox regression analysis, in which CCI, FLIPI and histological grade (
p
< 0.05) retained prognostic significance. By combining these parameters, we have developed the FCG score, which incorporates FLIPI, CCI, and histological grade. This score defines three risk categories (low: 41.5 %; intermediate: 37.5 %; high: 13.4 %), associated with significantly different survival (
p
< 0.0001); this consequently improves discriminative power by 9.1 % compared to FLIPI. FCG score represents a possible new prognostic index, highlighting the role of the patient’s clinical state and the histological characteristics of disease, as indicated by comorbidity index and histological grade of lymphoma.
The prognostic value of the International Prognostic Index (IPI) has been re-evaluated in the rituximab-treated diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. Accordingly, National Comprehensive ...Cancer Network-IPI (NCCN-IPI) has been introduced to estimate prognosis of DLBCL patients. However, comorbidities that frequently affect elderly DLBCL patients were not analyzed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of comorbidities using Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) in 962 DLBCL patients. According to CCI, majority of patients (73.6%) did not have any comorbidity, while high CCI (≥ 2) was observed in 71/962 (7.4%) patients, and in 55/426 (12.9%) of the elderly patients aged ≥ 60 years. When the CCI was analyzed in a multivariate model along with the NCCN-IPI parameters, it stood out as a threefold independent risk factor of a lethal outcome. Also, we have developed a novel comorbidity-NCCN-IPI (cNCCN-IPI) by adding additional 3 points if the patient had a CCI ≥ 2. Four risk groups emerged with the following patient distribution in low, low-intermediate, high-intermediate, and high group: 3.4, 34.3, 49.4, and 12.5%, respectively. The prognostic value of the new cNCCN-IPI was 2.1% improved compared to that of the IPI, and 1.3% improved compared to that of the NCCN-IPI (
p
< 0.05). This difference was more pronounced in elderly patients, in whom the cNCCN-IPI showed a 5.1% better discriminative power compared to that of the IPI, and 3.6% better compared to the NCCN-IPI. The NCCN-IPI enhanced by the CCI and combined with redistributed risk groups is better for differentiating risk categories in unselected DLBCL patients, especially in the elderly.
Ovaj članak ima za cilj prikazati dijagnostičke metode SARS-CoV-2 infekcije, kao i njihovu optimalnu primjenu. Glavne rutinske mikrobiološke dijagnostičke postupke predstavljaju molekularne i ...serološke metode. Osjetljivost i primjena molekularnih metoda najbolja je na početku bolesti, dok je primjena seroloških metoda najprikladnija barem 5-7 dana nakon početka bolesti. Pozitivan rezultat molekularnog testa (lančana reakcija polimeraze u stvarnom vremenu, engl. real-time polymerase chain reaction; RT-PCR) mora biti protumačen u skladu s kliničkom prezentacijom. Mjesto uzorkovanja za molekularnu analizu ovisi o težini bolesti; uzorci iz gornjeg i donjeg respiratornog trakta koriste se pri blagim i teškim prezentacijama, navedenim redoslijedom. Uzgoj virusa na staničnoj kulturi jedina je metoda koja se primjenjuje u svrhu dokazivanja živog virusa u uzorku tkiva, međutim, metoda se ne izvodi rutinski zbog složenosti metodologije. Promjene po tipu mliječnog stakla s ili bez retikularnog uzorka i/ili konsolidacija tipične su pojave kod COVID-19 upale pluća. Višeslojna kompjutorizirana tomografija (engl. multi-slice computerized tomography; MSCT) predstavlja superiornu metodu, u odnosu na klasični RTG srca i pluća.
Filozofski život Sumrak, Marko; Perušić, Luka; Kovačić, Ivana ...
Filozofska istraživanja,
2015, Letnik:
35, Številka:
4/140
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
14. Lošinjski dani bioetike
Studentska bioetička radionica »Scenariji budućnosti«
5. Studentski filozofski simpozij »Društvo, jezik, mit«
Skup »Perspektive i ključni problemi sintetičke biologije«
...Konferencija »Misliti s onu stranu kapitalizma«
Predavanje Pave Barišića »Deliberativna demokracija i Aristotelovi argumenti o rasudnoj snazi mnoštva«
10. međunarodni tečaj Filozofija i demokracija na temu »Kozmopolitska demokracija«
Internacionalni i interdisciplinarni kongres Suvremenost, svjesnost, etika, psihoterapija
24. Dani Frane Petrića, simpozij »Zdravlje i kultura«
Simpozij »Bioetika u budućnosti: tehnicizacija čovjeka ili humanizacija znanosti?«
24. Dani Frane Petrića, simpozij »S Petrićem u žarištu: hrvatski filozofi u europskom kontekstu«
Predstavljanje knjige Estetska terminologija Predraga Fincija
3. Znanstveni inkubator
Gostovanje Jacquesa Rancièrea u Zagrebu
1.Regionalni studentski simpozij »Kritičko mišljenje« i 2. Regionalni studentski simpozij »Humanizam u doba neoliberalnog kapitalizma«
Predstavljanje digitalnog arhiva časopisa Praxis i Korčulanske ljetne škole
Intenzivni bioetički kurs u Zürichu
Okrugli stolovi Tjedna Svjetskog saveza mladih 2015.
Simpozij »Biopolitika i transformacija kulture: filozofija – demokracija – slika«
Simpozij »Rat i mir«
Simpozij »Slika i anti-slika. Julije Knifer i problem reprezentacije«
Tribina »Bioetika: Pitanja života i smrti«
Tribina »Životinjski život i ljudski zakoni«
Simpozij »Kultura – jedno i mnoštvo«
PDF
