The electronic properties in particular the occupation number of 5f electrons and the valence state of Am ions in americium trichloride (AmCl3) are studied by using density functional theory (DFT) ...merged with dynamical mean‐field theory (DMFT). We find that j = 5/2, j = 7/2 manifolds both are in the insulating regimes, resulting in the semiconducting band gap of about 0.837 eV, together with the weak Am 5f‐conduction electrons hybridization and the localized 5f‐derived spectra feature in the vicinity of the Fermi level. The weighted summation for the occupation probabilities of 5fn (n = 3–7) atomic configurations suggests that 5f electrons have the inter‐configuration fluctuation with an average occupation number of 5f electrons n5f ~ 5.182, corresponding to the valence state of Am3.818+ in AmCl3. The 5fn‐mixing‐driven inter‐configuration fluctuation might originate from the complicated quantum mechanics processes such as the dual nature of 5f electrons and the flexible electronic configuration of Am ions. Finally, the so‐called quasiparticle band structure is also predicted.
Earth-abundant, highly active, and durable electrocatalysts toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in the all-pH range are highly required for practical application of electrochemical energy ...conversion technologies. Here, non-noble-metal graphene-like carbon nanosheets with trapped Fe species (Fe-N/GPC) are developed by an iron-salt thermally emitted strategy, which integrates the modulation of the electronic structure for boosted intrinsic activity with the engineering of hierarchical porosity for enriched active sites. The ORR electrocatalytic performance of Fe-N/GPC-800 achieves the half-wave potentials of 0.86 and 0.77 V with limiting current densities of 6.1 and 4.7 mA cm–2 in 0.1 M KOH and 0.1 M PBS solutions, respectively, as well as respectable stability. Furthermore, Fe-N/GPC-800 also shows considerable ORR catalytic activity in acid media accompanied by stability superior to those of Pt/C catalysts. The as-prepared Fe-N/GPC-800, as a cathodic catalyst, is assessed in a Zn–air battery test and delivers an open-circuit voltage of 1.44 V with a power density of 134 mW cm–2 as well as the outstanding durability after 350 cycles at 10 mA cm–2, demonstrating appreciable promise in application of metal–air batteries. This work provides an enabling and versatile strategy for facile and scale-up preparation of high-performance non-noble-metal electrocatalysts.
The existing fish counting methods count the number of fish through target detection or regression, and these methods are difficult to process the image of fish with serious occlusion and small ...target. In response to this problem, using the idea of density regression, this paper proposes a fish counting method based on a multi-scale dense residual network, and designs a multi-scale attention mechanism to improve the network’s ability to extract features of fish of different sizes. The weight is used to discriminate the size of the fish scale, which solves the problem of large changes in the fish scale. In order to generate a higher definition fish density map, a dense residual module is constructed to fuse the shallow and deep features of the image, which ensures that the density map generated by this method can truly reflect the distribution of fish. Experimental results show that the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity of the density map generated by the proposed method are within a reasonable range. Compared with the existing methods, our method improves the mean absolute error by 21.8% and the mean square error by 22.8% under high density, and our method also achieves good results in real scenes.
Increasing evidence indicates an important role of transcription factor Yin Yang-1 (YY1) in human tumorigenesis. However, its function in cancer remains controversial and the relevance of YY1 to ...pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains to be clarified.
In this study, we detected YY1 expression in clinical PDAC tissue samples and cell lines using quantitative RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and western blotting. We also detected MUC4 and MMP10 mRNA levels in 108 PDAC samples using qRT-PCR and analyzed the correlations between YY1 and MUC4 or MMP10 expression. The role of YY1 in the proliferation, invasion and metastatic abilities of PDAC cells in vitro was studied by CCK-8 assay, cell migration and invasion assays. In vivo pancreatic tumor growth and metastasis was studied by a xenogenous subcutaneously implant model and a tail vein metastasis model. The potential mechanisms underlying YY1 mediated tumor progression in PDAC were explored by digital gene expression (DGE) sequencing, signal transduction pathways blockage experiments and luciferase assays. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 15.0 software.
We found that the expression of YY1 in PDACs was higher compared with their adjacent non-tumorous tissues and normal pancreas tissues. However, PDAC patients with high level overexpression of YY1 had better outcome than those with low level overexpression. YY1 expression levels were statistically negatively correlated with MMP10 expression levels, but not correlated with MUC4 expression levels. YY1 overexpression suppressed, whereas YY1 knockdown enhanced, the proliferation, invasion and metastatic properties of BXPC-3 cells, both in vitro and in vivo. YY1 suppresses invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells by downregulating MMP10 in a MUC4/ErbB2/p38/MEF2C-dependent mechanism.
The present study suggested that YY1 plays a negative role, i.e. is a tumor suppressor, in PDAC, and may become a valuable diagnostic and prognostic marker of PDAC.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
BACKGROUND: In order to investigate the extent of resistance of oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), which is a widespread pest throughout tropical, subtropical and temperate fruit ...crops, 25 populations of this insect were collected from 13 sites in mainland China in 2007 and 2008. In addition, resistant strains were established that showed increasing development of resistance. RESULTS: Compared with the susceptible strain, one population of B. dorsalis expressed high resistance (RR = 70.4-fold), 16 populations expressed medium resistance (11.5-fold < RR < 25.8-fold) and eight populations had low resistance or remained susceptible (1.4-fold < RR < 8.9-fold) to trichlorphon. As regards β-cypermethrin, one population showed high resistance (RR = 44.0-fold), nine populations expressed medium resistance (12.2-fold < RR < 28.4-fold), 14 populations expressed low or minor resistance (3.0-fold < RR < 9.7-fold) and one population remained susceptible (RR = 1.1-fold). As regards avermectin, five populations had developed high resistance (44.3-fold < RR < 104-fold), seven populations expressed medium resistance (11.4-fold < RR < 38.6-fold) and three populations expressed low or minor resistance (3.5-fold < RR < 5.6-fold). A continuous resistance selection in the laboratory strain showed that the resistance ratios to trichlorphon, β-cypermethrin and avermectin were 71.6-fold, 333-fold and 70.4-fold respectively. CONCLUSION: The data provided a comprehensive survey of insecticide resistance in Bactrocera dorsalis in mainland China. All results suggested that early resistance management programmes should be established for restoring the efficacy of pesticide-based control measures. Copyright
Psychobehavioral intervention is an effective treatment of Internet addiction, including Internet gaming disorder (IGD). However, the neural mechanisms underlying its efficacy remain unclear. ...Cortical‐ventral striatum (VS) circuitry is a common target of psychobehavioral interventions in drug addiction, and cortical‐VS dysfunction has been reported in IGD; hence, the primary aim of the study was to investigate how the VS circuitry responds to psychobehavioral interventions in IGD. In a cross‐sectional study, we examined resting‐state functional connectivity of the VS in 74 IGD subjects (IGDs) and 41 healthy controls (HCs). In a follow‐up craving behavioral intervention (CBI) study, of the 74 IGD subjects, 20 IGD subjects received CBI (CBI+) and 16 IGD subjects did not (CBI−). All participants were scanned twice with similar time interval to assess the effects of CBI. IGD subjects showed greater resting‐state functional connectivity of the VS to left inferior parietal lobule (lIPL), right inferior frontal gyrus and left middle frontal gyrus, in positive association with the severity of IGD. Moreover, compared with CBI−, CBI+ showed significantly greater decrease in VS‐lIPL connectivity, along with amelioration in addiction severity following the intervention. These findings demonstrated that functional connectivity between VS and lIPL, each presumably mediating gaming craving and attentional bias, may be a potential biomarker of the efficacy of psychobehavioral intervention. These results also suggested that non‐invasive techniques such as transcranial magnetic or direct current stimulation targeting the VS‐IPL circuitry may be used in the treatment of Internet gaming disorders.
Internet gaming disorder subjects showed greater resting‐state functional connectivity of ventral striatum to left inferior parietal lobule, right inferior frontal gyrus, and left middle frontal gyrus. The strength of ventral striatum‐left inferior parietal lobule connectivity was reduced, along with amelioration in addiction severity following the craving behavioral intervention.
Human infection with avian influenza virus A(H10N8) was initially reported in China in December 2013. We characterized H10N8 strains from a human patient and from poultry in live markets that ...infected persons had visited. Results of genome sequencing and virus characterization suggest that the virus strains that infected humans originated from these markets.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
A palladium-catalyzed cyanation of aryl halides and borons has been developed by employing cuprous thiocyanate as a safe cyanide source. This protocol avoids the use of a highly toxic cyanide source, ...providing aromatic nitriles in moderate to good yields with good functional tolerance.
The path-following control of the parafoil system is essential for executing missions, such as accurate homing and delivery. In this paper, the lateral path-following control of the parafoil system ...is studied. First, considering the relative motion between the parafoil canopy and the payload, an eight-degree-of-freedom (DOF) model of the parafoil system is constructed. Then, a guidance law containing the position deviation and heading angle deviation is proposed. Moreover, a linear active disturbance rejection controller (LADRC) is designed based on the guidance law to allow the parafoil system to track the desired path under internal unmodeled dynamics or external environmental disturbances. For the adaptive tuning of the controller parameters, a deep Q-network (DQN) is applied to the LADRC-based path-following control system, and the controller parameters can be adjusted in real time according to the system’s states. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is applied to a parafoil system following circular and straight paths in an environment with wind disturbances. The simulation results show that the proposed method is an effective means to realize the lateral path-following control of the parafoil system, and it can also promote the development of intelligent controllers.
A radical cyanomethylation/arylation of N-allylbenzamide with acetonitrile to form dihydroisoquinolinones was described. The direct functionalizations of the sp3 CH bond of acetonitrile and the sp2 ...CH bond of the phenyl ring were involved in this reaction. Cascade arylalkylation of N-allylanilines was also achieved under the same conditions to provide cyanomethylated indolines in good yields.
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•Construction of cyanomethylated dihydroisoquinolinones by radical pathway.•Construction of cyanomethylated indolines by radical pathway.•Acetonitrile as cyanomethylated reagent.
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