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•Mn(VII)/S(IV) process was proposed to improve the performance of UF in algae-laden water.•Calcium ions promoted the aggregation of in-situ MnO2 and algal pollutants.•Mn(VII)/S(IV) ...system produced active substances that facilitate the removal of algae organics.•The coupling process changed the fouling mechanism and greatly alleviated membrane fouling.
Membrane fouling caused by algal-derived foulants severely impedes the widespread application of ultrafiltration (UF). Herein, two sulfites (Na2SO3 and CaSO3, S(IV)) were used to activate potassium permanganate (Mn(VII)) as pretreatment to enhance the performance of UF in treating algae-laden water. The results showed that the Mn(VII)/S(IV) system produced MnO2 with abundant hydroxyl groups, which was advantageous for adsorbing algal pollutants. Compared with Mn(VII)/Na2SO3, Mn(VII)/CaSO3 process further increased the aggregation tendency of algal cells, which was due to the Ca2+ bridging effect that promoted the aggregation of MnO2 and algal foulants. S(IV) can activate Mn(VII) to produce free radical (OH and SO4−), and enhance removal of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and fluorescent organics in coordination with the adsorption of in-situ MnO2. Moreover, the presence of Ca2+ ensured compliance with residual manganese in the treated water. Extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XDLVO) theory suggested that the Mn(VII)/S(IV) strategy weakened the attractive forces between pollutants and the membrane. FTIR analysis further confirmed that the combined process reduced the accumulation of protein organics on the membrane surface. As a result, the reversible fouling was reduced by 65.3 % and 92.2 %. The in-situ formed manganese oxide altered the structure of the cake layer and delayed the formation of the cake filtration mechanism. Mn(VII)/CaSO3 pretreatment produced a looser cake layer, resulting in a shift of the fouling mechanism towards a single standard blocking. In summary, the novel integrated process can ensure the efficient operation of UF in the purification of algae-laden water.
Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of honghua injection combined with western medicine in the treatment of coronary heart disease angina pectoris. Methods. Computer extensively searched PubMed, ...Cochrane Library, Embase, China Biomedical Archives (SinoMed), China Knowledge Network (CNKI), Chinese Journal Full-text Database (VIP), Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform (Wanfang), and collected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of honghua injection combined with western medicine in the treatment of coronary heart disease angina pectoris. Use Review Manager5.3 software for meta-analysis. Results. 21 RCTs were included, involving 1894 participants. Meta-analysis shows that honghua injection combined with western medicine can significantly improve the clinical efficacy (OR = 4.03, 95% CI2.96,5.49), electrocardiographic efficacy (OR = 3.39, 95%CI2.44, 4.70), can significantly reduce total cholesterol (TC) levels (MD = −0.39, 95% CI−0.47, −0.31), triacylglycerol (TG) levels (MD = −0.45, 95% CI−0.51, −0.39), increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (MD = 0.29,95%CI0.26,0.32), reduce low-density lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) levels (MD = −0.59, 95%CI−0.79, −0.38). Five articles reported adverse reactions. Conclusion. Honghua injection combined with western medicine is more effective than western medicine alone in patients with coronary heart disease angina pectoris. More multicenter, large sample, high-quality RCTs are needed to provide evidence.
Graphene oxide (GO)-based laminar membranes are promising candidates for next-generation nanofiltration membranes because of their theoretically frictionless nanochannels. However, nonuniform ...stacking during the filtration process and the inherent swelling of GO nanosheets generate horizontal and vertical defects, leading to a low selectivity and susceptibility to pore blockage. Herein, both types of defects are simultaneously patching by utilizing tannic acid and FeⅢ. Tannic acid first partially reduced the upper GO framework, and then coordinated with FeⅢ to form a metal-polyphenol network covering horizontal defects. Due to the enhanced steric hindrance, the resulting membrane exhibited a two-fold increase in sulfonamide contaminants exclusion compared to the pristine GO membrane. A non-significant reduction in permeance was observed. In terms of fouling control, shielding defects significantly alleviated the irreversible pore blockage of the membrane. Additionally, the hydrophilic metal-polyphenol network weakened the adhesion force between the membrane and foulants, thereby improving the reversibility of fouling in the cleaning stage. This work opens up a new way to develop GO-based membranes with enhanced separation performance and antifouling ability.
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•Defects of the GO membrane were patched by a facile two-step method.•The modified GO membrane has a denser and more hydrophilic structure.•The modified GO membrane shows excellent removal of sulfonamide contaminants.•The modified GO membrane significantly alleviates the irreversible pore blockage.
COVID-19 is now a global pandemic. Although there are very few studies describing the characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infections in patients with prostate cancer, these patients are likely to be more ...susceptible to COVID-19 than healthy people because of their immunosuppressed state. However, there is no evidence that prostate cancer is a risk factor for COVID-19.
We searched the Wanfang database, the China Science Journal Citation Report (VIP database), the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Web of Science, EMBASE, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library for studies related to the topic. We designed a standardized data extraction sheet and used Epidata software 3.1 for data extraction. In accordance with the Cochrane 5.1.0 standard, both a quality assessment and a risk assessment were carried out for the research meeting the inclusion criteria. The data were analyzed using Revman 5.3 and Stata 13.0 software.
The study integrated existing research findings and a meta-analysis of the data to investigate the prevalence of prostate cancer in males infected with SARS-CoV-2 and the adverse clinical outcomes in male patients with or without COVID-19.
The results of this research may provide a basis for judging if prostate cancer is a risk factor for males infected with SARS-CoV-2, and the findings can effectively help to prevent COVID-19 in patients with prostate cancer.
Ethics approval is not required for this systematic review as it will involve the collection and analysis of secondary data. The results of the review will be reported in international peer-reviewed journals PRORPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER:: CRD42020194071.
An increasing number of network meta-analyses (NMAs) in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have been published recently, but the quality of them was lack of assessment. This study aims to evaluate ...the methodological and reporting quality of NMAs in TCM.
Six electronic databases, including PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) from inception to January 2018, were searched. NMAs of TCM were included. A measurement tool to assess the methodological quality of systematic reviews (AMSTAR) and the PRISMA Extension Statement for Reporting of Systematic Reviews Incorporating Network Meta-analyses of Health Care Interventions (PRISMA-NMA) were used to assess the methodological and reporting quality of the included NMAs.
A total of 40 NMAs, including 2535 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), were included. They were published between December 2012 and November 2017. The median score and interquartile range of methodological and reporting quality was 7 (6-8) and 22 (19.1-27.1). Serious methodological flaws existed in the following aspects: the status of publication (22.5%), a list of studies provided (0%), assessment of publication bias (37.5%), and conflicts of interest (12.5%). Several items need to be improved in reporting, especially for Protocol and registration (2.5%), Data items (22.5%), Risk of bias across studies (Methods section) (37.5%), Results of individual studies (27.5%), Risk of bias across studies (Results section) (40%), Results of additional analyses (35%), and Funding (15%).
The methodological and reporting quality of NMAs in TCM is moderate. Identified shortcomings of published NMAs should be taken into consideration in further trainings of authors and editors of NMAs in TCM. Future researchers should be encouraged to apply PRISMA-NMA, and a recognized tool for the assessment of NMA methodology was wanted.
A proportion of patients who recovered from COVID-19 have ongoing, recurrent, or new symptoms with negative nucleic acid/antigen test results, which has become a new public health problem that needs ...to be concerned. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has shown its unique advantages in preventing, treating, and rehabilitating COVID-19. To further standardize clinician's clinical diagnosis and use of TCM for the treatment of common symptoms associated with COVID-19 infection following negative nucleic acid/antigen results, the front-line clinical experts were invited for discussion on the concepts, etiology, clinical manifestations of post-COVID-19 condition, and on treatment with TCM to form the consensus. Clinicians of TCM, Western medicine, or integration of both can use this consensus document for clinical practice and research purposes.
Light alkanes are natural organic carbon sources and widely distributed in nature. Transforming them into value-added fine chemicals affords attractively economic and ecological benefits as well as ...enormous chemical challenges. Herein, we report a practical iron-catalysed photoredox system for C(sp
3
)-H transformation of ethane, propane, and other light alkanes to C-N and C-C bonds under ambient temperature. The present method with abundant and inexpensive iron salts as photocatalysts exhibits high catalytic efficiency (turnover number up to 8000), mild conditions, and the convenience of being purified and scaled up without chromatography. A photo-induced ligand-to-metal charge transfer between Fe(
iii
) and Cl
−
generates a highly active chlorine radical that sequentially acts as hydrogen atom transfer catalyst. Therefore, the sustainable, convenient, and environmentally friendly system will find wide applications in high-value-added transformation of natural alkanes with novel inspiration not only for organic synthesis, but also for designing catalytically active organic/inorganic materials.
A practical and green iron-catalyzed photoredox system for C-H functionalization of ethane, propane, and other light alkanes was developed.
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