The COSINE-100 data acquisition system Adhikari, G.; Adhikari, P.; de Souza, E. Barbosa ...
Journal of instrumentation,
09/2018, Letnik:
13, Številka:
9
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
COSINE-100 is a dark matter direct detection experiment designed to test the annual modulation signal observed by the DAMA/LIBRA experiment. COSINE-100 consists of 8 NaI(Tl) crystals with a total ...mass of 106 kg, a 2200 L liquid scintillator veto, and 37 muon detector panels. We present details of the data acquisition system of COSINE-100, including waveform storage using flash analog-to-digital converters for crystal events and integrated charge storage using charge-sensitive analog-to-digital converters for liquid scintillator and plastic scintillator muon veto events. We also discuss several trigger conditions developed in order to distinguish signal events from photomultiplier noise events. The total trigger rate observed for the crystal/liquid scintillator (plastic scintillator) detector is 15 Hz (24 Hz).
Although histone deacetylases (HDACs) appear to play a crucial role in carcinogenesis, the expression status of HDACs in primary human cancer tissues has not yet been reported. In this study, we ...investigated the expression level of HDAC1 in 25 paired primary human gastric cancer (GC) tissues and corresponding normal tissues through semi‐quantitative RT‐PCR and immunoblot analysis. The HDAC1 expression pattern was also topologically examined through immunohisto‐chemistry. Overexpression of HDAC1 mRNA was detected in 68% of GC tissues (17 of 25), and the relative density of HDAC1 mRNA in GC tissue was increased 1.8‐fold versus the normal counterpart (P<0.01). Elevated expression of HDAC1 protein was also detected in 61% of GC samples (11 of 18), which also showed an increased mRNA level of HDAC. Immunohistochemically, overexpression of HDAC1 was predominantly localized in the nuclei of most neoplastic cells, including embolic tumor cells, whereas normal glandular epithelial cells revealed only weak HDAC1 expression that was focal in distribution. Thus, the present study clearly demonstrates that HDAC1 is overexpressed in GC and probably plays a significant role in gastric carcinogenesis.
Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine the possibility of utilizing serum C‐terminal telopeptide cross‐link of type I collagen (s‐CTX) and serum osteocalcin (s‐OC) as risk ...markers for oral bisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ).
Patients and methods: The s‐CTX values and the s‐OC values were measured from 23 patients (one male, 22 females) diagnosed with BRONJ using clinical and radiographic examinations. The two biochemical markers were evaluated during a regular checkup for osteoporosis management. For the control group of s‐CTX study, s‐CTX values were obtained from 61 independently recruited postmenopausal women who have been on bisphosphonate therapy for >6 months. The s‐CTX values of the ONJ group and the control group were compared. Because of retrospective nature of this study, the control group for s‐OC study could not be established. A single sample t‐test was performed for the s‐OC value from the ONJ group.
Result: Twenty‐three ONJ patients had taken alendronate for osteoporosis treatment, and the s‐CTX testing results were low levels of 10–192 pg/ml (mean: 93.2±49.4 pg/ml). Mean of s‐CTX of the control (n=61) was 125±85.7 pg/ml. The duration of BP therapy ranged between 1 and 10 years (4.82±2.6). The s‐OC level was estimated between 0.2 and 5.4 ng/ml (1.91±1.51 ng/ml). The mean s‐CTX value of the control group was higher but without significance (P=0.12). The s‐OC values of the ONJ group were significantly lower than the lowest value of the reference range (P<0.001).
Conclusion: As a result of the s‐CTX and s‐OC testings at the diagnosis of BRONJ, the values of the two markers were decreased. The decrease of the s‐OC values implies a problem during the bone‐formation process. Therefore, we can assume that in this patient group, invasive dental surgery contributes to an increase in the risk of BRONJ incidence. This result may imply that, during bisphosphonate therapy, simultaneous consideration of s‐CTX showing inhibition of bone resorption and s‐OC indicating the degree of bone formation might be a set of risk markers assessing risk prediction for BRONJ before invasive dental surgery.
To cite this article:
Kwon Y‐D, Ohe J‐Y, Kim D‐Y, Chung D‐J, Park Y‐D. Retrospective study of two biochemical markers for the risk assessment of oral bisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaws: can they be utilized as risk markers? Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 22, 2011; 100–105. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.01965.x
Abstract
The COSINE-100 experiment is designed to test the DAMA
experiment which claimed an observation of a dark matter signal from
an annual modulation in their residual event rate. To measure the
...1 %-level signal amplitude, it is crucial to control and monitor
nearly all environmental quantities that might systematically mimic
the signal. The environmental monitoring also helps ensure a stable
operation of the experiment. Here, we describe the design and
performance of the centralized environmental monitoring system for
the COSINE-100 experiment.
Radotinib (IY5511HCL), a novel and selective BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has shown pre-clinical and phase I activity and safety in chronic myeloid leukemia. This phase II study investigated ...the efficacy and safety of radotinib in Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic phase-chronic myeloid leukemia patients with resistance and/or intolerance to BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Patients received radotinib 400 mg twice daily for 12 cycles based on results from the phase I trial. The primary end point was rate of major cytogenetic response by 12 months. A total of 77 patients were enrolled. Major cytogenetic response was achieved in 50 (65%; cumulative 75%) patients, including 36 (47%) patients with complete cytogenetic response by 12 months. Median time to major cytogenetic response and complete cytogenetic response were 85 days and 256 days, respectively. Major cytogenetic response and complete cytogenetic response rates were similar between imatinib-resistant and imatinib-intolerant patients, but were higher in patients without BCR-ABL1 mutations. Overall and progression-free survival rates at 12 months were 96.1% and 86.3%, respectively. All newly-occurring or worsening grade 3/4 hematologic abnormalities included thrombocytopenia (24.7%) and anemia (5.2%); grade 3/4 drug-related non-hematologic adverse events included fatigue (3.9%), asthenia (3.9%), and nausea (2.6%). The most common biochemistry abnormality was hyperbilirubinemia (grade 3/4 23.4%), and 12 of 18 cases were managed with dose modification. Study findings suggest radotinib is effective and well tolerated in chronic phase-chronic myeloid leukemia patients with resistance and/or intolerance to BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors and may represent a promising alternative for these patients. (clinicaltrials.gov identifier: 01602952).
Background and purpose
We investigated the effect of stress hyperglycemia on the functional outcomes of non‐diabetic hemorrhagic stroke. In addition, we investigated the usefulness of intensive ...rehabilitation for improving functional outcomes in patients with stress hyperglycemia.
Methods
Non‐diabetic hemorrhagic stroke patients were recruited and divided into two groups: intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) (n = 165) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) (n = 156). Each group was divided into non‐diabetics with or without stress hyperglycemia. Functional assessments were performed at 7 days and 3, 6 and 12 months after stroke onset. The non‐diabetic with stress hyperglycemia groups were again divided into two groups who either received or did not receive intensive rehabilitation treatment. Serial functional outcome was compared between groups.
Results
For the ICH group, patients with stress hyperglycemia had worse modified Rankin Scale, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, Functional Ambulatory Category and Korean Mini‐Mental State Examination scores than patients without stress hyperglycemia. For the SAH group, patients with stress hyperglycemia had worse scores on all functional assessments than patients without stress hyperglycemia at all time‐points. After intensive rehabilitation treatment of patients with stress hyperglycemia, the ICH group had better scores on Functional Ambulatory Category and the SAH group had better scores on all functional assessments than patients without intensive rehabilitation treatment.
Conclusions
Stress hyperglycemia affects the long‐term prognosis of non‐diabetic hemorrhagic stroke patients. Among stress hyperglycemia patients, intensive rehabilitation can enhance functional improvement after stroke.
In this work, we adopt the integration of the L-system fractal tree generation, 3D printed wind tunnel modeling, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation approach to model the wind effect on ...a single tree. We compare the agreement between CFD simulations and wind tunnel measurements of rigid branched structures resembling trees. First, fractal tree mesh models based on species growth and branching patterns are developed to represent tree species for wind–tree modeling. Subsequently, a scaled-down fractal tree is generated with 3D-printing and subjected to tunnel testing with load cell and particle image velocimetry measurement data under the wind speed of 10 m/s and 15 m/s. Finally, CFD based on Reynolds-Average Navier–Stokes (RANS) simulation with a full closure model and Large Eddy Simulation (LES) using appropriate momentum sink and turbulence source terms for the volumetric tree is carried out. We use both the volume-average porous media and the volume-splitting discretized zones (split number 10 × 10 × 10) to reproduce the momentum sink effect in the numerical simulation. Three tree species, namely, Peltophorum pterocarpum (yellow flame), Khaya senegalensis (African mahogany), and Hopea odorata (ironwood), are tested, and a reasonable agreement of drag force prediction and velocity profiles is obtained when comparing the CFD simulation results with wind tunnel data. The RANS modeled drag force results exhibit 20% of over-prediction, while the normalized velocity profiles display a good match of velocity decay at the tree leeward sides. On the other hand, LES produces much better results with only 3% discrepancy with the experimental results. A comparison of experimental results among the tree species is also carried out. Due to the actual random wind direction, tree slenderness representation, and structural flexibility issues, the current methodology still has the limitation for validation with urban on-site measurement. Nonetheless, this integrated approach is the first step in establishing modeling tool applicability to examine the effect of the forest structure and composition on wind loads.
In this paper, we consider a two-machine flowshop scheduling problem in which the waiting time of each job between the two machines cannot be greater than a certain time period. For the problem with ...the objective of minimizing makespan, we identify several dominance properties of the problem and develop a branch-and-bound (B&B) algorithm using the dominance properties. Computational tests are performed on randomly generated test problems for evaluation of performance of the B&B algorithm, and results show that the algorithm can solve problems with up to 150 jobs in a reasonable amount of CPU time.
A
bstract
The results of a search for solar axions from the Korea Invisible Mass Search (KIMS) experiment at the Yangyang Underground Laboratory are presented. Low-energy electron-recoil events would ...be produced by conversion of solar axions into electrons via the axio-electric effect in CsI(Tl) crystals. Using data from an exposure of 34,596 kg · days, we set a 90 % confidence level upper limit on the axion-electron coupling,
g
ae
, of 1
.
39 × 10
−
11
for an axion mass less than 1 keV/c
2
. This limit is lower than the indirect solar neutrino bound, and fully excludes QCD axions heavier than 0.48 eV/c
2
and 140.9 eV/c
2
for the DFSZ and KSVZ models respectively.
The nose is the first respiratory barrier to external pathogens, allergens, pollutants, or cigarette smoke, and vigorous immune responses are triggered when external pathogens come in contact with ...the nasal epithelium. The mucosal epithelial cells of the nose are essential to the innate immune response against external pathogens and transmit signals that modulate the adaptive immune response. The upper and lower airways share many physiological and immunological features, but there are also numerous differences. It is crucial to understand these differences and their contribution to pathophysiology in order to optimize treatments for inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract. This review summarizes important differences in the embryological development, histological features, microbiota, immune responses, and cellular subtypes of mucosal epithelial cells of the nose and lungs.
PDF
