Colorectal cancer is a term used to describe colon and rectal cancer, which is the third most common type of cancer. A MEDLINE and PubMed search resulted in the inclusion of manuscripts written in ...the last 10 years, using keywords relevant to the topic of the manuscript. By analyzing the aim of the searched studies and manuscripts, adequate articles were included that described the stated problem. The frequency of colorectal cancer varies with climate, nutrition, and many other factors, primarily endogenous, hereditary, intestinal microbiome, as well as external factors, such as exposure of the individual to stress, and bad eating habits. Colon cancer and rectal cancer or colorectal cancer in general in the early stages of the disease, may not show symptoms or are barely noticeable. Colorectal cancer symptoms will most often not develop until the disease has progressed to stage 2 or beyond. Regular screening tests for colon or rectal cancer, especially colonoscopy, are recommended as part of a regular checkup for people aged 50 years or younger who are at high risk due to a family history of the disease or other cancers. Diet and colonoscopy as an early screening method play an important role in the prevention of colorectal cancer
Neurological outcomes of antenatal corticosteroid therapy Babovic, Ivana R.; Dotlic, Jelena R.; Jovandaric, Miljana Z. ...
International journal of clinical practice (Esher),
December 2021, 2021-Dec, 2021-12-00, 20211201, Letnik:
75, Številka:
12
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Aim of the study
The aim of the study was to investigate whether antenatal corticosteroid therapy (ACST) could impact neurological condition, as assessed through muscular tone, of prematurely born ...infants.
Methods
All 82 patients at risk of preterm delivery treated and delivered over 12 months were divided into two equal groups regarding the use of ACST. The investigated parameters were pregnancy complications, biophysical profile, Apgar score, gestational age of delivery and all postpartum complications. Neurological development and muscular tone were evaluated at the 1st, 3rd, 6th and 12th months of life using Vojta's method, which classifies muscular tone as good, hypotonic or hypertonic.
Results
After therapy, infants from the treated and control groups differed in biophysical profile, Apgar score, length of intensive care, occurrence of respiratory distress syndrome and intraventricular haemorrhage. During the follow‐up, significantly more infants from the ACST group had good muscular tone when compared with those from the control group. Regression analysis showed that ASCT can significantly impact an infant's muscular tone. Still, the week of delivery and the complications such as diabetes mellitus, intrauterine growth restriction and respiratory distress syndrome, could change the association of ACST and infants' muscular tone.
Conclusion
ACST was associated with the positive neurological outcomes of prematurely born infants when assessed through their muscular tone.
There, we review the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), its influence on fetal physiology, and neonatal outcomes, as well as the usage of antenatal corticosteroid therapy (ACST) in ...pregnancies complicated by GDM.
MEDLINE and PubMed search was performed for the years 1990-2022, using a combination of keywords on such topics. According to the aim of the investigation, appropriate articles were identified and included in this narrative review.
GDM is a multifactorial disease related to unwanted pregnancy course and outcomes. Although GDM has an influence on the fetal cardiovascular and nervous system, especially in preterm neonates, the usage of ACST in pregnancy must be considered taking into account maternal and fetal characteristics.
GDM has no influence on neonatal outcomes after ACST introduction. The ACST usage must be personalized and considered according to its gestational age-specific effects on the developing fetus.
Background: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a risk factor for developing metabolic syndrome later in life. We explored whether adipokine concentrations in cord blood (CB) and on day 3 (D3) ...were related to impaired fetal growth and lipids in IUGR twins. Patients and methods: Thirty-six discordant (birth weight BW discordance ≥20% calculated in relation to the heavier co-twins) and 42 concordant (BW discordance ≤ 10%) twin pairs were included. Results: In IUGR twins, both adiponectin/BW and triglyceride (TG) levels were significantly higher, while total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were lower in CB. On D3, both leptin and HDL-C levels were significantly lower and TG levels were significantly higher in IUGR twins. In the discordant group, the alterations in lipids were not related to any adipokine. Conclusions: IUGR is related to lower leptin level and proatherogenic lipid profile (higher TG and lower HDL-C), which are not influenced by adipokine at birth.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Introduction: Fetal macrosomia in gestational diabetes mellitus is contributed to by compensatory fetal mechanisms responding to alterations in maternal metabolism. Objectives: To compare FFA and ...blood glucose concentrations of newborns derived from healthy and hyperglycemic mothers. Methods: Prospective study included two equal groups of term newborns (50) from GDM and healthy mothers. Blood was derived from umbilical and cubital vein of mothers immediately after birth. Results: The mean FFA concentration of mothers did not differ whereas in infants of GDM mothers FFA were significantly lower. A significant correlation was found between FFA levels of healthy mothers and their newborns (p < 0.05). No such correlation was found in GDM group (p > 0.05). A significant correlation was found between mother's and newborn's glycemia (p < 0.05) in both groups. Conclusion: Suppression of FFA acids in newborn blood of mothers with GDM may represent the lipogenic and antilipolytic activity of the fetus.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Insulin resistance (IR) in adults has been associated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Leptin and adiponectin correlations with anthropometric parameters and IR at 72 h in discordant ...twins were tested.
We included 24 discordant (birth weight discordance ≥20% in relation to the heavier cotwin) and 30 concordant (birth weight discordance ≤10%) twins.
A correlation between leptin (but not adiponectin) level and birth weight (BW), birth length and head circumference in IUGR twins was recorded (p<0.05). Insulin sensitivity (IS) and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA)-IR in IUGR twins were similar to appropriate-for-gestational-age cotwins and unrelated to adipokines. In IUGR twins, adiponectin and insulin associated positively. In larger concordant twins' leptin level correlated with HOMA-IR and insulin.
Leptin, but not adiponectin, levels correlate positively with anthropometric parameters in IUGR twins. IR in IUGR twins is unrelated to adipokines in the first few days of life.
Introduction: Acquired autoimmune myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune process in which antibodies (AB) directed against the acetylcholine nicotinic receptor (AChR) cause weakness and fatigue of ...striated muscles. Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the range of clinical manifestations in newborns with transient neonatal myasthenia (TNM). Methods: 62 newborns with mothers who had autoimmune MG were followed by: anthropometric parameters, gestational age, gender, type of delivery completion, Apgar score (AS) in the first and fifth minute, and the emergence of TNM symptoms. Results: For fourteen consecutive years, from a total of 98,000 infants, 62 (0.06%) were born to mothers with autoimmune MG. Four of them (6.4%) had symptoms of TNM. Conclusion: Newborns of mothers with MG manifest clinical features of TNM relative to stage of mother's illness. These newborns need monitoring until the seventh day of life.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Introduction: In hypoxic newborns requiring oxygen, lipid peroxidation affects the peripheral blood lipids. Objectives: Determine the influence of perinatal oxygen therapy for hypoxia on serum lipid ...concentrations on the second day of life. Materials and Methods: Our study included 50 newborns with perinatal hypoxia requiring oxygen and 50 healthy newborns without oxygen therapy. Arterialized capillary blood was taken for categorization of hypoxia (pO2) after birth in both groups. Lipid concentrations: total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoproteins (HDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL), and triglycerides (TG) were measured on day 2 in both groups. Results: TC, LDL, HDL, TG, HC03 levels were statistically lower in the study group compared to the control one, while pCO2 and BE levels were statistically higher in newborns with perinatal hypoxia. Conclusion: Lower lipid levels in hypoxic newborns may suggest that circulating lipids are oxidized, peroxidized, and removed from the peripheral circulation.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRS) predominantly colonizes the skin and mucous membranes of humans and other animals. We describe the case of a male newborn of gestational age 39 ...weeks whose primary and repeated blood cultures and cerebrospinal fluid samples isolated MRS. The choice and duration of antibiotic therapy were determined by the clinical presentation, infection parameters, and results of bacteriological analyses of blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples obtained from the newborn on the day 5 of life. After 28 days of antibiotic therapy for sepsis accompanied by meningitis, the newborn was discharged home without sequelae.
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