Postoperative complications of colorectal cancer (CRC) are the main cause of postoperative death and seriously affect the quality of life and survival time of patients. The application of a clinical ...prediction model for postoperative complications of CRC can help promptly identify high-risk patients. Accordingly, reasonable intervention measures can be actively taken to reduce the incidence of postoperative complications of CRC. A scientific basis can also be provided to improve the prognosis of patients. In this work, literature on the risk-factor analysis and prediction-model construction of postoperative complications of CRC at home and abroad in recent years was collected and reviewed. The evaluation content and efficiency of the clinical prediction models in postoperative complications of CRC were summarized. Their advantages and disadvantages were also analyzed. The purpose of this study was to provide a reference for the subsequent optimization of such models and the development of a strong, clinically
Background and aims
The use of sutures to strengthen the anastomosis after rectal cancer surgery to reduce the possibility of anastomotic leakage has been debated. The aim of this systematic review ...and meta-analysis was to investigate the influence of intraoperative anastomotic reinforcing sutures on anastomotic leakage of double-stapling anastomosis for laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery.
Methods
A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases was performed to identify literature examining anastomotic leak as the primary outcome to compare studies of laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer using the double-stapling anastomosis technique with or without intraoperative anastomotic reinforcement with sutures.
Results
A total of 1122 rectal cancer patients from 5 nonrandomized studies were included in the research. In the combined trial, intraoperative anastomotic reinforcement sutures significantly reduced the incidence of anastomotic leakage in patients who underwent laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery (OR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.19–0.55;
p
< 0.0001). With or without intraoperative anastomotic reinforcing sutures, the incidence of postoperative reoperation for anastomotic leak did not differ substantially (OR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.08–1.21,
p
= 0.09). Moreover, the surgery was prolonged due to anastomotic reinforcement with sutures (OR, 6.64; 95% CI, − 6.18 to 19.47,
p
= 0.31).
Conclusions
Intraoperative anastomotic reinforcement with sutures may be associated with a lower incidence of anastomotic leakage. The amount of research evidence is limited because most of the studies analyzed did not include patients with factors such as neoadjuvant therapy or prophylactic stomas. Therefore, additional multicenter randomized controlled studies with larger size samples are needed to support the validity of the approach.
Objective:To emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and treatment on the prognosis of children with epilepsy accompanied by continuous spikes and waves during slow wave sleep (CSCW). Methods:The ...clinical characteristics, electroencephalogram (ECG) features, treatment and prognosis of 12 children with CSCW in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed, and the follow-up of 6 months to 4 years was given. Results:Imaging showed that 8 children suffered from brain lesions, while other 4 were normal. The initial onset of 10 children was at night, whereas 2 began with absence seizure in lucid interval, and they gradually appeared comprehensive brain function decline, meanwhile, ECG was characterized by continuous discharge during slow wave sleep. After 3 months of treatment with valproic acid, clonazepam, lamotrigine and hormones, the clinical symptoms and ECG of 10 children improved signiifcantly, in which 3 ones recurred after 6 months of comprehensive treatment. Conclusion:The early manifestation of CSWS is untypical, and hence, early diagnosis and treatment can ameliorate the epileptic seizures of children, effectively inhibit epileptic electrical activity and has favorable prognosis.
CO2 capture and storage （CCS） is an important strategy in combatting anthropogenic climate change. However, commercial application of the CCS technique is currently hampered by its high energy ...expenditure and costs. To overcome this issue, CO2 capture and utilization （CCU） is a promising CO2 disposal method. We, for the first time, developed a promising method to mineralize CO2 using earth-abundant potassium feldspar in order to effectively reduce CO2 emissions. Our experiments demonstrate that, after adding calcium chloride hexahydrate as an additive, the K-feldspar can be transformed to Ca-silicates at 800℃, which can easily mineralize CO2 to form stable calcium carbonate and recover soluble potassium. The conversion of this process reached 84.7%. With further study, the pretreatment temperature can be reduced to 250℃ using hydrothermal method by adding the solution of triethanolamine （TEA）. The highest conversion can be reached 40.1%. The process of simultaneous mineralization of CO2 and recovery of soluble potassium can be easily implemented in practice and may provide an economically feasible way to tackle global anthropogenic climate change.
As a new branch of two-dimensional materials, MXenes are considered to have distinguished and controllable optical and electronic properties. Consequently, MXenes could play important roles in ...optoelectronic device applications, such as: transparent conductive electrode, conducting additives, and charge transfer layers. In this review, we summarized the unique optical and electronic properties of MXenes as well as recent advances in their optoelectronic device applications. Firstly, the excellent and adjustable optical and electronic properties of MXenes are introduced. Secondly, recent progress in optoelectronic device applications of MXenes, such as: photodetectors, photovoltaic devices, light emitting diodes, are summarized. Finally, some major challenges and opportunities towards the practical optoelectronic device applications of MXenes, which need be further investigated, have been discussed. We hope our work could guide the following development and research of MXenes-based optoelectronic devices.
Display omitted
•Advantages in optical and electronic properties of MXenes are described.•Recent progresses in the use of MXenes in optoelectronic devices are summarized.•The opportunities and practical challenges for optoelectronic device application and design of MXenes are explored.
Although it is widely believed that China is facing a major shortage of pediatricians, the real situation of the current national status of pediatric human resources and their working conditions has ...not been evaluated to date.
We administered a survey to 54 214 hospitals from all 31 provinces in mainland China from 2015 to 2016. Hospital directors of all secondary and tertiary hospitals with pediatric services and a random sample (10%) of primary hospitals provided information on number of pediatricians and their educational levels, specialties, workloads, dropout rates, and other hospital characteristics. A data set of medical resources and socioeconomic information regarding each region (1997-2016) was constructed from the Chinese National Statistics Bureau. The Gini coefficient was used to describe the geographical distributions of pediatricians and hospitals.
There were 135 524 pediatricians in China or ∼4 pediatricians per 10 000 children. Pediatricians' average educational level was low, with ∼32% having only 3 years of junior college training after high school. The distribution of pediatricians was extremely skewed (Gini coefficient 0.61), and the imbalance of highly educated pediatricians was even more skewed (Gini coefficient 0.68). The dropout rate of pediatricians was 12.6%. Despite an increase in the Chinese government's financial investment in health over the last decade, physicians have been burdened with a greater workload.
Uneven development of the pediatric care system, inadequately trained pediatricians, low job satisfaction, and unmet demand for pediatric care are the major challenges facing China's pediatric health care system.
As a newly proposed diagnosis, data on the prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is rare. We aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of MAFLD using new ...definition in the contemporary South China population. In this population based, cross sectional study, a total of 5377 participants aged 30-79 years old were recruited from the South China between 2018 and 2019. MAFLD was diagnosed in subjects who have both hepatic steatosis and metabolic disorders according to the newly international expert consensus. The total prevalence of MAFLD and prevalence by sex and age was estimated. Demographic characteristics, history of disease, and lifestyle were recorded by participants on a questionnaire. Abdominal ultrasonography was performed and evaluated by experienced sonographers. Multivariable logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) of MAFLD. Overall prevalence of MAFLD was 29.2% (95% confidence interval CI 28.0% to 30.5%). Prevalence was higher in women (31.7%) than in men (25.5%; p < 0.001 for sex difference) and in subjects aged 50 years or older (30.7%) than in those aged 30-49 years (19.8%; p < 0.001 for age difference). In participants diagnosed with MAFLD, the prevalence of overweight/obesity was up to 90.5%, type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and metabolic dysregulation were 25.0% and 62.2%, respectively. Risk factors for MAFLD included overweight/obesity (OR = 4.67; 95% CI, 3.76-5.83), T2DM (OR = 2.41, 95% CI, 1.68-3.47), hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 2.42, 95% CI, 2.03-2.87), high school education (OR = 1.50, 95% CI, 1.23-1.82), high income (OR = 1.22, 95% CI, 1.05-1.42). A lower risk of MAFLD was associated with high physical activity equivalent (OR = 0.71, 95% CI, 0.60-0.85). A U-shaped association of frequency of soups and ORs of MAFLD was found, the adjusted ORs (95% CI) of lower and higher frequency of soups were 1.58 (1.32-1.89) and 1.36 (1.13-1.63), respectively. Our results showed a high prevalence of MAFLD in the general adult population in South China. Obesity has the greatest impact on MAFLD, physical activity and moderate consumption of soups might be the potential protective factors of MAFLD.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Abstract
Context
Accumulating evidence implies that sleep disturbance is involved in metabolic disorders.
Objective
We comprehensively evaluated the association between various dimensions of sleep ...behaviors and the risk for metabolic dysfunction–associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).
Methods
In this cross-sectional study of 5011 participants with self-reported sleep behaviors and radiologically diagnosed MAFLD, a comprehensive healthy sleep score was generated to evaluate the associations between sleep behaviors and MAFLD risk using multivariate logistic regression adjusting for demographics, lifestyles, medication, and metabolic comorbidities. Furthermore, mediation analysis was utilized to assess the extent to which obesity explains the effect of sleep quality on MAFLD risk.
Results
Late bedtime, snoring, and daytime napping for over 30 minutes significantly associated with an increased risk of MAFLD, with odds ratios (OR) of 1.37 (95% CI 1.10, 1.70), 1.59 (95% CI 1.33, 1.91), and 1.17 (95% CI 1.02, 1.35), respectively, after full adjustments including obesity. Participants with disturbance in nighttime sleep and prolonged daytime napping showed the highest risk for MAFLD (OR 2.38, 95% CI 1.73, 3.27). Each additional increase of healthy sleep score was associated with a 16% reduction in MAFLD risk. Further stratified analysis revealed that people with a sedentary lifestyle and central obesity experienced more prominent adverse effects from poor sleep quality than others. Moreover, obesity accounted for only 20.77% of the total effect of sleep quality on MAFLD risk.
Conclusions
Sleep behaviors, both cumulatively and individually, are associated with MAFLD risk. Public health awareness and strategies should be encouraged to curb MAFLD.
The use of conducting polymers such as poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) for the development of soft organic bioelectronic devices, such as organic electrochemical ...transistors (OECTs), is rapidly increasing. However, directly manipulating conducting polymer thin films on soft substrates remains challenging, which hinders the development of conformable organic bioelectronic devices. A facile transfer‐printing of conducting polymer thin films from conventional rigid substrates to flexible substrates offers an alternative solution. In this work, it is reported that PEDOT:PSS thin films on glass substrates, once mixed with surfactants, can be delaminated with hydrogels and thereafter be transferred to soft substrates without any further treatments. The proposed method allows easy, fast, and reliable transferring of patterned PEDOT:PSS thin films from glass substrates onto various soft substrates, facilitating their application in soft organic bioelectronics. By taking advantage of this method, skin‐attachable tattoo‐OECTs are demonstrated, relevant for conformable, imperceptible, and wearable organic biosensing.
The use of hydrogels enables transfer‐printing of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate thin films from glass substrates onto various soft substrates. Taking advantage of this technique, skin‐attachable organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are fabricated on commercially available tattoo paper. Wearable tattoo‐OECTs are further demonstrated with the integration of a wireless readout system.
Background The occurrence of severe intraventricular hemorrhage (sIVH) was high in the very preterm infants (VPIs) in China. The management strategies significantly contributed to the occurrence of ...sIVH in VPIs. However, the status of the perinatal strategies associated with sIVH for VPIs was rarely described across the multiple neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in China. We aim to investigate the characteristics of the perinatal strategies associated with sIVH for VPIs across the multiple NICUs in China. Methods This was a retrospective analysis of data from a prospective cohort of Chinese Neonatal Network (CHNN) dataset, enrolling infants born at 24.sup.+0--31.sup.+6 from 2019 to 2021. Eleven perinatal practices performed within the first 3 days of life were investigated including antenatal corticosteroids use, antenatal magnesium sulphate therapy, intubation at birth, placental transfusion, need for advanced resuscitation, initial inhaled gas of 100% FiO2 in delivery room, initial invasive respiratory support, surfactant and caffeine administration, early enteral feeding, and inotropes use. The performances of these practices across the multiple NICUs were investigated using the standard deviations of differences between expected probabilities and observations. The occurrence of sIVH were compared among the NICUs. Results A total of 24,226 infants from 55 NICUs with a mean (SD) gestational age of 29.5 (1.76) and mean (SD) birthweight of 1.31(0.32) were included. sIVH was detected in 5.1% of VPIs. The rate of the antenatal corticosteroids, MgSO4 therapy, and caffeine was 80.0%, 56.4%, and 31.5%, respectively. We observed significant relationships between sIVH and intubation at birth (AOR 1.52, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.75) and initial invasive respiratory support (AOR 2.47, 95% CI 2.15 to 2.83). The lower occurrence of sIVH (4.8%) was observed corresponding with the highest utility of standard antenatal care, the lowest utility of invasive practices, and early enteral feeding administration. Conclusions The current evidence-based practices were not performed in each VPI as expected among the studied Chinese NICUs. The higher utility of the invasive practices could be related to the occurrence of sIVH. Keywords: Prematurity, Severe intraventricular hemorrhage, Practice, Multiple neonatal intensive care units
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