Background:
Studies reporting the prevalence of headaches in Croatia have methodological differences that make it difficult to consolidate their results. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of ...the most common primary headaches in a student population using the standardized HARDSHIP questionnaire (in Croatian).
Methods:
This cross-sectional epidemiological study collected data regarding the 1-year prevalence of headaches in a student population using the diagnostic algorithm of the HARDSHIP questionnaire. The chi-squared test was used to analyze gender differences, and Cramer’s V was used for effect size interpretation.
Results:
The questionnaire was administered to 1350 university students enrolled in health profession programs (81.3% female; 18.7% male; average age: 23 years). The 1-year prevalence of migraine was 38.9% (male: female ratio, 1:1.5), and that of tension-type headache was 35.6% (male: female ratio, 1:0.9). Overall, 91.0% of participants responded positively to the question regarding the incidence of headache in the past 12 months.
Conclusions:
We report a high prevalence of primary headaches among students of health professions in Croatia. The differences in prevalence may be attributed to various sociocultural, geographical, genetic, and methodological differences. Population-specific studies may facilitate a more accurate assessment of headache prevalence and enable more effective targeting of public health activities.
Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a significant public health issue, with prevalence intensifying due to an ageing global population, amassing approximately 619 million cases in 2020 and projected to ...escalate to 843 million by 2050. In this study, we analyzed the effects of multidisciplinary biopsychosocial rehabilitation (MBR) on pain and disability. To address this question, we conducted a PRISMA-guided systematic review and random-effect network meta-analysis on studies collected from six electronic databases. The network comprised diverse MBR modalities (behavioral, educational, and work conditioning) alongside exercise therapy (ET), minimal intervention, and usual care, with pain and disability as outcomes. Ninety-three studies were included, encompassing a total of 8059 participants. The NMA substantiated that both ET and MBR modalities were effective in alleviating CLBP, with education-oriented MBR emerging as the most efficacious for pain mitigation (MD = 18.29; 95% CI = 13.70; 22.89) and behavior-focused MBR being the most efficacious for disability reduction (SMD = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.46; 1.30). Nevertheless, the discerned differences amongst the treatments were minimal and uncertain, highlighting that no modality was definitively superior to the others. Given the intricate nature of CLBP, embodying various facets, our findings advocate for a combined therapeutic approach to optimize treatment efficacy.
Rheumatoid arthritis occurs two to three times more often in women than in men and it has been less studied in men. The results of gender influence on clinical course of the disease are ...contradictory. The aim of this study is to determine the difference in handgrip strength between female and male RA patients in comparison to healthy individuals. The study included 100 RA patients and 100 healthy individuals (50% were male in both groups). Handgrip strength was measured in both hands using a dynamometer. A two-way ANCOVA was used to analyse the data and age was included in the study as covariate. The results show that both male and female RA patients have lower handgrip strength compared to healthy individuals. The analysis of gender and disease interaction has shown that male RA patients have lower handgrip strength than female RA patients in comparison with the healthy group, age adjusted. This interaction is evident and statistically significant in both right hand (
F
1, 195) = 14.62;
p
< 0.01) and left hand (
F
1, 195) = 20.54;
p
< 0.01). The common-language effect size has shown that there is 92% (right hand) and 93% (left hand) chance that male individual will have stronger handgrip than his female counterpart. In RA patients, there is 77% chance for both hands that male will have stronger handgrip. Men and women with RA have significantly lower handgrip strength compared to healthy individuals and the difference is more pronounced in men which was not previously observed in the literature.
Motor skills can be improved through rapid on-the-job training or slower multi-session learning. The objective of this study was to determine the rapid learning differences between male and female ...university students during the execution of two motor coordination tests. Available data from 716 female and 331 male college students were retrospectively analyzed. The female participants had a mean age (±SD) of 19.6 (±1.55) years, while the male participants recorded a mean age of 19.8 (±1.87) years. Data were collected using two motor coordination tests, each performed in triplicate. The statistical method used in this analysis was mixed-model ANOVA. The interaction effect of gender and number of attempts was statistically significant for both motor coordination tests (F=12.446; p<0.01; η2p=0.13 & F=11.169; p<0.01; η2p=0.01). Post-hoc testing showed that males performed better at the tasks in all three runs, and both genders improved their performance in subsequent trials. However, females showed a larger relative improvement from trial to trial than did males. The two coordination tests yield similar results. The observed differences in improvements in the coordination tests may be attributed to different motor learning strategies and cognitive processing between the sexes.
The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of the mass of a schoolbag on standing posture in first-year elementary school children. First-year elementary school students (n = 76) ...participated in this study. The data was digitized and analyzed using SkillSpector and Kinovea. Results have shown a change of Center of Gravity (COG) position in all three anatomical planes (
< 0.01), as well as a change in two out of three measured postural angles-craniovertebral (
< 0.01) and craniocervical (
< 0.01) angle. The most important aspect of changed posture, anterior shift of COG, was measured to be 2.4 cm and was in moderate negative correlation with student body mass (-0.4,
< 0.01) and height (-0.4,
< 0.01) when students were encumbered with a schoolbag weighing 16.11% of their body mass, on the average. Also, this study confirms that when encumbered, students' head posture shifts to a more protracted position.
Milk containing aflatoxin M1 (ATM1) in quantities above 0.05 µg/kg is considered unsuitable for consumption. It is possible to use mycotoxin deactivators that bind aflatoxin M1 and allow the further ...use of milk. The study aimed to examine the impact of selected mycotoxin deactivators (beta-glucan from yeast and oats, and live and dead lactic acid bacteria) on the nutritional composition of milk after binding to aflatoxin M1 intentionally added to milk. The study used consumption milk with 2.8% milk fat intentionally contaminated with aflatoxin M1. Furthermore, 0.05% and 0.1% solutions of beta-glucan from yeast and beta-glucan from oats were added to the contaminated milk, as well as live and dead lactic acid. Concentrations of Na, K, Mg, and Ca were monitored at the zero hour of binding of mycotoxin deactivators and ATM1, after 2 h of binding, and after 4 and 24 h of binding. The largest deviations were found in Na, K, and Mg, while the minimum changes were observed in Ca. Live lactic acid bacteria were found to have the least impact on micronutrients, except in Na (difference = 40, p = 0.029, GES = 0.083), where the 0.1% solution from oats had the least impact on micronutrient content. The results of this study suggest that it is best to use live lactic acid bacteria where the different duration of action regarding nutrients, with the possible exception of Na, is not relevant, which indicates that, when using this mycotoxin deactivator, milk contaminated with ATM1 can be further used.
BACKGROUND: After a stroke, patients experience sensorimotor damage, balance disorders, loss of selective movement, hypotonia and/or hypertonia, and hypersensitivity, all of which affect gait. ...OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to establish the effectiveness of Bobath therapy with additional specific soft tissue mobilizations versus standard Bobath intervention. METHODS: Subjects were randomly divided into two groups (S1 and S2) of 20 people each. Both groups underwent the same intervention (Bobath concept) over a 5-week period, while the second study group (S2) also received additional, specific soft tissue mobilization. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT), Active Range of Motion (AROM) of dorsiflexion and knee flexion and extension were used as clinical variables to assess the efficacy of therapy modalities. Data was analysed using a mixed model ANOVA. RESULTS: A significant interaction of group and time was found. The experimental (S2) group had a larger improvement of balance and AROM than the control (S1) group. There was no clear advantage of one group over the other for TUGT. CONCLUSION: The findings demonstrate that a combination of Bobath treatment and additional specific soft tissue mobilizations are more effective in increasing AROM and balance and mobility.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
After a stroke, patients experience sensorimotor damage, balance disorders, loss of selective movement, hypotonia and/or hypertonia, and hypersensitivity, all of which affect gait.
The aim of the ...study was to establish the effectiveness of Bobath therapy with additional specific soft tissue mobilizations versus standard Bobath intervention.
Subjects were randomly divided into two groups (S1 and S2) of 20 people each. Both groups underwent the same intervention (Bobath concept) over a 5-week period, while the second study group (S2) also received additional, specific soft tissue mobilization. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT), Active Range of Motion (AROM) of dorsiflexion and knee flexion and extension were used as clinical variables to assess the efficacy of therapy modalities. Data was analysed using a mixed model ANOVA.
A significant interaction of group and time was found. The experimental (S2) group had a larger improvement of balance and AROM than the control (S1) group. There was no clear advantage of one group over the other for TUGT.
The findings demonstrate that a combination of Bobath treatment and additional specific soft tissue mobilizations are more effective in increasing AROM and balance and mobility.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Budući da je košarka sport s puno brzih promjena, doskoka i okreta, ozljede su njezin sastavni dio te treba staviti poseban naglasak na njihovu prevenciju. Uzroci ozljeda su različiti, mogu biti ...unutrašnji (genski, anatomski, biomehanički, hormonalni) i vanjski (podloga, obuća), a njihov mehanizam nastanka može biti bez kontakta ili uz kontakt s igračicom ili podlogom. Kako bi se ozljede smanjile, važnu ulogu ima fizioterapeut koji bi, kao sastavni dio svake ekipe, trebao provoditi edukaciju, prevenciju i rehabilitaciju ako se ozljeda već dogodila. Prema dostupnoj literaturi, prevencija bi se trebala uklopiti u program treninga i odvijati kroz minimalno tri treninga tjedno.
Cilj ovog rada bio je utvrditi povezanost učestalosti ozljeda s obzirom na igračku poziciju u sezoni 2016./2017. Za potrebe istraživanja napravljen je upitnik s devet pitanja na koja je odgovorilo 90 košarkašica iz 12 prvoligaških klubova. Nije pronađena statistički značajna razlika između ozljeda gležnja, koljena i Ahilove tetive s obzirom na igračku poziciju.
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