The introduction of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or endotoxins that originate from Gram-negative bacteria into the human blood stream induces a severe immune response that can lead to septic shock, and ...even death. Hence, the accurate detection of LPS is of great importance in the medical and pharmaceutical sectors. This paper proposes a novel label-free fluorescence assay for the detection of LPS utilizing aptamers and the interference synthesis of dsDNA-templated copper nanoparticles. The assay can be performed at room temperature and does not require expensive reagents. The proposed assay has a limit of detection of 0.95 ng ml
−1
of LPS, and the fluorescence emission from the copper nanoparticles was found to vary linearly with the concentration of LPS over a wide range (1 to 10
5
ng ml
−1
) with
R
2
= 0.9877.
A label-free fluorescence assay utilizing aptamers and the interference synthesis of dsDNA-templated copper nanoparticles is proposed for the detection of lipopolysaccharides.
Automated authentication systems are currently the research trend, as security is given utmost importance. Biometric systems are considered reliable; however, they demand human intervention or ...cooperation for data collection. On the contrary, gait represents the walking pattern of an individual, which is unique, and it does not require human intervention. However, gait authentication systems are confronted by numerous challenges such as illumination, different angles and poor lighting condition. This article presents a gait authentication scheme, which is based on grey wolf optimization algorithm-optimized Gabor features. The potential features are then selected by information gain ratio, and the kernelized extreme learning machine is employed for authentication. The proposed scheme is analysed with respect to recognition accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score and time consumption against existing approaches, where the results show that the proposed scheme performs better.
One of the most cautious diseases that produced an increased death rate around the world is breast cancer. The early detection of this disease can save the lives of people. Therefore, an efficient ...detection and segmentation model is required to detect and classify cancer cells. Several past studies required more robust features and have gained more complexity because of the irrelevant features. Hence, a novel Buffalo-based Gated recurrent Cancer cell segmentation (BGRCS) has been implemented for segmenting the cancer cell in the oriented breast MRI images. Initially, the noise features were traced and eliminated using the preprocessing function. Moreover, the segmentation and classification function has been executed with dual classes: cancer and non-cancerous images. Consequently, the disease feature has been tracked for the classified cancerous images, and the buffalo function of the system segmented the traced features. It has earned meaningful features and reduced the computational time to train the system. Finally, the performance was valued and compared with other past studies. The designed framework has gained the highest segmentation accuracy over the compared models.
Lipopolysaccharides (endotoxins), found on Gram‐negative bacteria, can trigger a severe immune response in humans leading to septic shock and in extreme cases, even death. Therefore, the detection ...and neutralization of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) is of utmost importance in the pharmaceutical and medical industries. The United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) recommended detection method for LPS, the Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) assay, is expensive, time consuming, complex, and is prone to interference from proteases. As an alternative, this paper proposes a rapid, label‐free fluorescence‐based assay using LPS‐specific aptamers and the SYBR Green DNA stain. The proposed method has a detection limit of 0.1 ng/ml, which is sufficient to detect the permissible levels of LPS in many pharmaceutical drugs and medical products. The fluorescence signal was found to be a linear function of the concentration of LPS in the range from 0.1 ng/ml to 105 ng/ml.
This study proposes a rapid label‐free fluorescence assay for the detection of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The assay utilizes the duplex form of an LPS specific aptamer and the commercially available DNA‐intercalating dye, SYBR Green I. The proposed assay is relatively easy to perform, and the results can be obtained in 2 minutes after the addition of the sample to the assay.
The main target of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of charred xanthated sugarcane bagasse (CXSB) and charred sugarcane bagasse (CSB) in the removal of Hg(
ii
) ions from aqueous media. ...Batch experiments were performed to study the experimental parameters such as effects of pH, concentration, contact time and temperature. The adsorption velocity of Hg(
ii
) onto CSB and CXSB was fast and reached equilibrium within 60 minutes. Isotherm and kinetic studies showed that Hg(
ii
) uptake using both the biosorbents followed Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second order kinetics. The maximum adsorption capacity of Hg(
ii
) at optimum pH 4.5 onto CSB and CXSB was found to be 125 mg g
−1
and 333.34 mg g
−1
, respectively. A negative value of Δ
G
° and positive Δ
S
° value (0.24 kJ mol
−1
for CSB and 0.18 kJ mol
−1
for CXSB) for both the biosorbents confirm the spontaneous nature of Hg(
ii
) adsorption. A positive value of Δ
H
° (52.06 kJ mol
−1
for CSB and 30.82 kJ mol
−1
for CXSB) suggests the endothermic nature of biosorption. The investigated results shows that CXSB compared to CSB can be used as a low cost and environmentally benign bio-adsorbent for the removal of Hg(
ii
) ions from aqueous solutions.
Ion exchange adsorption mechanism of Hg(
ii
) onto the monomeric unit of charred xanthated sugarcane bagasse (CXSB).
Deubiquitinases have emerged as promising drug targets for cancer therapy. The two DUBs USP25 and USP28 share high similarity but vary in their cellular functions. USP28 is known for its ...tumor-promoting role, whereas USP25 is a regulator of the innate immune system and, recently, a role in tumorigenesis was proposed. We solved the structures of the catalytic domains of both proteins and established substantial differences in their activities. While USP28 is a constitutively active dimer, USP25 presents an auto-inhibited tetramer. Our data indicate that the activation of USP25 is not achieved through substrate or ubiquitin binding. USP25 cancer-associated mutations lead to activation in vitro and in vivo, thereby providing a functional link between auto-inhibition and the cancer-promoting role of the enzyme. Our work led to the identification of significant differences between USP25 and USP28 and provided the molecular basis for the development of new and highly specific anti-cancer drugs.
Display omitted
•USP28 forms an active dimer•USP25 adopts an auto-inhibited tetrameric state•Cancer-associated mutations lead to active USP25•Neither substrate nor ubiquitin chains disrupt the USP25 tetramer
Sauer and Klemm et al. show that the two highly related deubiquitinases, USP25 and USP28, adopt different oligomeric states that directly affect their enzymatic activity. While dimeric USP28 is constitutively active, the USP25 tetramer represents an auto-inhibited state, which requires an unknown activator.
Unprecedented demand for biologically active molecules necessitates efficient processes for extracting biologically active compounds from plant sources. Though enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) and ...supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) have been reported for their potential application to extract several industrially valuable bioactives, certain shortcomings do persist. Therefore, an integral approach comprising EAE and SFE could be efficiently exercised for the extraction of several bioactive components.
This review includes current progress concerning the combined approach of EAE/SFE while converging the recent advancements in the field that outperformed conventional extraction processes. It also highlights several experimental conditions affecting the EAE and SFE process individually and together to gain an insight in assessing the overall efficiency of the combined approach. An integrated approach for the efficient extraction of the polyphenols, essential oils, pigments, and vitamins has been comprehensively reviewed along with the challenges, potential opportunities and possibilities associated.
Enzyme-assisted supercritical fluid extraction (EASE) has demonstrated its effectiveness in extracting valuable bioactive compounds with excellent quality while not adversely altering the target biomolecule's structure and function. However, the choice of enzymes, type of supercritical fluid, and other major related operational parameters influence overall efficiency. Further investigation in EASE would help understand the underlying mechanism of the synergistic effect and enhance the efficiency too.
The integral approach of enzyme-assisted supercritical fluid extraction can be an effective strategy for the extraction of thermosensitive bioactive molecules. Display omitted
•An integral approach of enzyme assisted supercritical extraction is discussed.•The integration is proven to be efficacious for extracting bioactive compounds.•The combined approach can be used for the extraction of polyphenols, colorants, and oils.•Certain shortcomings with their remedy and future perspective are highlighted.
Multi-objective optimization is an emerging field concerning optimization problems associated with more than one objective function, each of them has to be optimized simultaneously. Multi-objective ...optimization is widely used in logistics and supply chains to reduce the cost and time involved in transportation. With the increase in Global Supply Chains, many organizations are facing the challenges of delivering products to their customers at a fast pace, low cost, and high reliability. There are numerous factors that may affect the goal of an organization to optimize the cost, time, and effort during the transportation of their products to the end customers. For instance, in the existing transportation problems, the type of vehicles used for the movement of the products is not focused. Transportation of the goods is considered to utilize any type of vehicle irrespective of the nature of the goods. However, in real-life scenarios, there are certain constraints in the vehicle used to transport the finished goods or raw materials from a source to a destination. Vehicles such as tanker trucks, top open trucks, closed trucks, etc. need to be booked based on the nature of goods to be transported. Also, the cost and time of transportation are uncertain in nature. In this paper, we formulate the Multi-Objective Solid Transportation Problem (MOSTP) by considering the above issue. The uncertain parameters of the problem are considered as Pentagonal Intuitionistic Fuzzy Numbers (PIFN). Magnitude method is used for defuzzification. An algorithm to find the solution of formulated Intuitionistic Fuzzy Multi-Objective Solid Transportation problem (IFMOSTP) is provided. The proposed model is illustrated by a numerical example which is solved with the help of LINGO software.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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