This study aims to determine retrospectively the prevalence of rotavirus and enteric adenovirus in patients with gastroenteritis symptoms and the distribution of pathogens by gender, age, seasons, ...and years. The stool samples sent to Pamukkale University Healthcare Research and Practice Hospital's Medical Microbiology laboratory between January 2017 and December 2021 were evaluated for rotavirus/adenovirus antigen positivity. Rotavirus and adenovirus antigens were studied with the Rotavirus‐Adenovirus Combo Rapid Cassette Test (Acro Biotech) kit. Rotavirus was detected in 683 (8.2%) of the 8315 stool samples evaluated, and 180 (2.2%) samples were positive for adenovirus. Coinfection was detected in 21 (0.25%) samples. Rotavirus was found at the highest rate in 2019 (p = 0.001). The adenovirus was detected in 2020 at a lower rate than in other years (p = 0.0001). The rotavirus was observed at a higher rate in 0–<3, 3–<6, and 6–<13 age groups and adenovirus was detected at a higher rate in 3–<6 and 6–<13 age groups compared to other age groups (p = 0.001, p = 0.003, respectively). The highest rate of incidence of the rotavirus was found in spring and adenovirus in winter. In the etiology of gastroenteritis, especially in children, adenovirus and rotavirus should not be ignored in winter and spring. The prevalence of rotavirus was observed to have decreased in 2020 and onwards, and the prevalence of adenovirus decreased in 2020.
Cryptococcus neoformans insan ve hayvanlarda hayatı tehdit eden enfeksiyonlar oluşturan bazidiomi-çet bir maya mantarıdır. Bu maya mantarı, dünyanın çeşitli bölgelerindeki ağaçların çürüyen oyuk ve ...yarıklarından izole edilmiştir. Mayanın Akdeniz'in doğu bölgelerinden izolasyonu çok azdır. Varlığından şüphelenilen bölgelerde yaklaşık 10 yıldır ardarda sürdürülen sistematik taramalar ile sadece çiçeklenme dönemindeki bir Eucalyptus camaldulensis debrisinden C.neoformans susu izole edilebilmiştir. Bu çalışmada; Temmuz 2008 döneminde Denizli il yerleşiminde bulunan, üzerinde kovuk ve derin yarıkların bulunduğu 300 ağacın C.neoformans kolonizasyonu yönünden taranması amaçlanmıştır. Ağaçların kovuk ve yarıklardan eküvyon tekniği ile alınan örnekler minimal Staib ağar besiyerine (kreatinin ve potasyum dihid-rojen fosfat içermeyen) ekilmiş ve örneklerin %0.6 (2/300)'sından C.neoformans izolasyonu yapılmıştır. Bu izolatların biri Platanus orientalis (doğu çınarı; n= 92), diğeri ise Punica granatum (nar; n= 2) ağacından elde edilmiştir. P.orientalis'ten yapılan izolasyonda petri plağında 6 koloni C.neoformans saptanırken, P.granatum''dan 3 koloni izole edilmiştir, izolasyonların yapıldığı ağaçlardan iki ay sonra alınan kültürlerde üreme olmamıştır. Bu çalışma sonucunda, her ne kadar daha önceden literatürde bildirilmeyen iki ağaçtan (Platanus orientalis ve Punica granatum) C.neoformans izolasyonu yapılmış olsa da, Denizli şehir merkezindeki ağaçların florasında C.neoformans'in kolonizasyonuna sık rastlanmadığı gösterilmiştir.
Cryptococcus neoformans is a basidiomycetous yeast leading to life-threatening infections in human and animals. It has been isolated from decaying hollows and fissures from various tree species in different parts of the world. The isolation of the yeast from the environment is less in the eastern part of Mediterranean area. Only one C.neoformans strain from debris of Eucalyptus camaldulensis in the blossoming period, has been reported by consecutive studies done in suspected areas since the last 10 years. In this study, 300 tree including trunk hollows and fissures have been screened for colonization of C.neoformans in Denizli city (located on Aegean part of Turkey) center during July 2008. All samples has been collected by swabbing technique and cultured on minimal Staib agar medium (without creatinine and potassium dihydroden phosphate). Two (0.6%) strains of C.neoformans have been isolated from the total of 300 screened trees. One of these isolates was from Platanus orientalis (plane tree; n= 92) and one from Punica granatum (pomegranate tree; n= 2). Six and three colonies per plate have been isolated from P.orientalis and P.granatum samples, respectively. C.neoformans has not been isolated in the repeat cultures done in the following two months. Although C.neoformans was isolated from previously unaccomplished niches in this study, our results suggested that C.neoformans colonization of trees trunk hollows and fissures was not common in Denizli city center.
Background Vaginal dysbiosis, an imbalance between species, can initiate some local changes in immune and metabolic signaling causing chronic inflammation. The mechanism of the clearance or ...progression of the HPV infection has not been uncovered yet. We hypothesized that vaginal dysbiosis may contribute to the persistence of the cervical HPV infection. Therefore we aimed to determine the association of lactobacillus dominancy index with cervical HR-HPV persistence. Methods A total of 100 women who were followed up because of high-risk HPV infection were defined as the target study group. The patients were evaluated in two groups; HPV positive (group with HPV persistence, n=43) and HPV negative (group with HPV clearance, n=57). Cervicovaginal swab samples and blood samples were evaluated for Nugent score, lactobacillus dominance, and white blood cell count. Statistical tests were performed by the IBM Statistical Product and Service Solutions (version 22, IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Armonk, NY) program. The continuous variables were presented using the mean±standard deviation (SD), and the categorical variables were presented as the number of cases and their percentage. A p value less than 0.05 (<0.05) was set as statistically significant. Results HPV persistence was observed in 43 (43%) patients. Univariate analysis revealed that age, menopausal status, and lactobacillus reduction were associated with HPV persistence (p<0.05). The median value of the Nugent score was similar among groups. After logistic regression analysis, lactobacillus reduction continued to be associated with HPV persistence, independent of age and menopause (OR: 2.668, 96% CI: 1.069-6.662, p<0.05) Conclusions A decrease in lactobacilli in the cervicovaginal microbiota is associated with the persistence of HPV, regardless of age and menopausal status in this study.
Objective: This study was aim to investigate the relationship of vaginal bacterial species with High-Risk Human Papillomavirus (HR-HPV) and bacterial vaginosis (BV).Methods: One hundred and ...twenty-one women were included in the study. Gram stain was performed for the diagnosis of BV and evaluated according to the Nugent score. HR-HPV diagnosis was made by real-time PCR . Detection of vaginal microbial species and Gardnerella vaginalis subtypes were also performed by real-time PCR.Results: The prevalence of BV was found as 38.8%. The mean number of species was found significantly higher in BV-positive samples compared to BV-intermediate and BV-negative samples (p=0.001). Lactobacillus iners (p=0.036), BVAB2 (p=0.043), Provetella spp. (p=0.015), Leptotrichia/Sneathia (p=0.001), Megaspheara (p=0.048) were found to be associated with bacterial vaginosis. Gardnerella vaginalis subtypes were evaluated in 50 randomly selected samples. The most common strain that was found was “clade 4”. The prevalence of HR-HPV was 9.9%. HPV 16 was the most common HR-HPV type (58.3%). There was no significant difference between the mean value of Lactobacillus sp. HR-HPV-positive and negative samples (p=0.23). No association was found between the specified species and HR-HPV-positive samples (p=0.436).Conclusion: Bacterial diversity was greater in BV-positive patients and BV was significantly associated with Lactobacillus iners, Megaspheara, BVAB2, Provetella spp. and Leptotrichia / Sneathia.
Amaç: Bu çalışmada vajinal mikrobiyal bakteri türlerinin bakteriyel vajinozis (BV) ve yüksek riskli Human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) ile ilişkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Çalışmaya 121 kadın dahil edilmiştir. BV tanısı için Gram boyama yapıldı ve Nugent skoruna göre değerlendirildi. HR-HPV tespiti Real Time High Risk HPV kiti kullanılarak real-time PCR yöntemiyle gerçekleştirildi. Vajinal mikrobiyal türler ve Gardnerella vaginalis subtipleri de real-time PCR ile saptanmıştır.Bulgular: Bakteriyel vajinozis görülme oranı %38,8 olarak bulunmuştur. Tür sayısı ortalaması; bakteriyel vajinoziste, BV ara değer ve BV negatif örneklere göre anlamlı olarak yüksek görülmüştür. (p=0,001). BVAB2 (p=0,043), Provetella spp. (p=0.015), Leptotrichia/Sneathia (p=0,001), Megaspheara (p=0,048), BV ile ilişkili olduğu görülmüştür. Rastgele seçilen 50 örnekte G.vaginalis subtipleri değerlendirilmiştir. En yaygın “clade 4” subtipi tespit edilmiştir. HR-HPV prevalansı %9,9 olarak saptanmıştır. En sık saptanan HR-HPV tipi HPV 16 %58,33’dü. HR-HPV pozitif ve negatif hastalarda Lactobacillus sp. ortalaması arasında anlamlı fark görülmemiştir (p=0.23). Belirlenen türler ile HR-HPV pozitifliği arasında ilişki saptanmamıştır (p=0,436). Sonuç: BV tespit edilen kadınların vajenlerinde bakteri çeşitliliği daha fazlaydı. Bakteriyal vajinozis ile Megaspheara, BVAB2, Provetella spp. ve Leptotrichia/Sneathia’nın ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur.
Background We aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of linezolid in an experimental mediastinitis model and to compare it with vancomycin, which is commonly used. The objective of this study ...was also to evaluate the role of the immune system in mediastinitis. Materials and methods Fifty adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: an uncontaminated and contaminated untreated control groups; a group that received sefazolin prophylaxis; and two groups treated with vancomycin or linezolid. Median sternotomy without access to pleural spaces was performed on all rats. All groups, except the uncontaminated one, were inoculated with 0.5 mL 108 colony-forming units/mL methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the mediastinal and sternal layers. Postoperatively, vancomycin and linezolid groups were given antibiotic treatment for 7 d, starting 24 h after the end of the procedure. After 7-d treatment tissue samples from the upper ends of the sternotomy line and mediastinum were obtained and evaluated microbiologically. Additionally, serum, heart, lung, liver, kidney, and mediastinal tissues samples were obtained to determine malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Results The study showed that either vancomycin or linezolid successfully reduced bacterial counts in mediastinum and sternotomy line. MDA and MPO levels were found to be decreased in the treated groups. There was a positive correlation between serum and tissues MDA and MPO in all of the groups. Conclusions Our study showed that linezolid appears to be a promising option for treating mediastinitis due to methicillin-resistant S. aureus . Additionally, it was demonstrated that a wide inflammatory process occurred after mediastinitis.
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