Superconductivity arises from two distinct quantum phenomena: electron pairing and long-range phase coherence. In conventional superconductors, the two quantum phenomena generally take place ...simultaneously, while in the underdoped high- Tc cuprate superconductors, the electron pairing occurs at higher temperature than the long-range phase coherence. Recently, whether electron pairing is also prior to long-range phase coherence in single-layer FeSe film on SrTiO3 substrate is under debate. Here, by measuring Knight shift and nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate, we unambiguously reveal a pseudogap behavior below Tp∼60 K in two kinds of layered FeSe-based superconductors with quasi2D nature. In the pseudogap regime, a weak diamagnetic signal and a remarkable Nernst effect are also observed, which indicates that the observed pseudogap behavior is related to superconducting fluctuations. These works confirm that strong phase fluctuation is an important character in the 2D iron-based superconductors as widely observed in high-Tc cuprate superconductors.
Development of advanced high energy density lithium ion batteries is important for promoting electromobility. Making electric vehicles attractive and competitive compared to conventional automobiles ...depends on the availability of reliable, safe, high power, and highly energetic batteries whose components are abundant and cost effective. Nickel rich LiNi x Co y Mn 1−x−y O 2 layered cathode materials ( x > 0.5) are of interest because they can provide very high specific capacity without pushing charging potentials to levels that oxidize the electrolyte solutions. However, these cathode materials suffer from stability problems. We discovered that doping these materials with tungsten (1 mol%) remarkably increases their stability due to a partial layered to cubic (rock salt) phase transition. We demonstrate herein highly stable Li ion battery prototypes consisting of tungsten-stabilized Ni rich cathode materials ( x > 0.9) with specific capacities >220 mA h g -1 . This development can increase the energy density of Li ion batteries more than 30% above the state of the art without compromising durability.
► Methane production under the specific conditions in Mexico City was demonstrated. ► Enhanced performance was achieved with pH control and nitrogen addition. ► Co-digestion of FVW with meat residues ...allows high and stable performance (30L). ► The microbial population in the AD system during optimal performance was determined. ► Bacterial and Archaea populations were correlated with its function in the AD system.
This study evaluated the feasibility of methane production from fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) obtained from the central food distribution market in Mexico City using an anaerobic digestion (AD) process. Batch systems showed that pH control and nitrogen addition had significant effects on biogas production, methane yield, and volatile solids (VS) removal from the FVW (0.42mbiogas3/kgVS, 50%, and 80%, respectively). Co-digestion of the FVW with meat residues (MR) enhanced the process performance and was also evaluated in a 30L AD system. When the system reached stable operation, its methane yield was 0.25 (m3/kgTS), and the removal of the organic matter measured as the total chemical demand (tCOD) was 65%. The microbial population (general Bacteria and Archaea) in the 30L system was also determined and characterized and was closely correlated with its potential function in the AD system.
Aim
This study aimed to investigate the association between Twitter exposure and the number of citations for coloproctology articles.
Method
Original articles from journals using Twitter between June ...2015 and May 2016 were evaluated for the following characteristics: publishing journal; article subject; study design; nationality, speciality and affiliation of the author(s); and reference on Twitter. Citation data for these articles were retrieved from Google Scholar (https://scholar.google.com) in January 2018. We performed a univariate analysis using these data followed by a multivariate, logistic regression analysis to search for factors associated with a high citation level, which was defined as accrual of more than five citations.
Results
Out of six coloproctology journals listed on the InCites JCR database, three (Diseases of the Colon & Rectum, Colorectal Disease and Techniques in Coloproctology) used Twitter, where 200 (49.5%) out of a total of 404 articles had been featured. Citation rates of articles that featured on Twitter were significantly higher than those that did not (11.4 ± 9.2 vs 4.1 ± 3.1, P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, Twitter exposure (OR 8.6, P = 0.001), European Union nationality (OR 2.4, P = 0.004), Colorectal Disease journal (OR 3.3, P = 0.005) and systematic review articles (OR 3.4, P = 0.009) were associated with higher citation levels.
Conclusion
Article exposure on Twitter was strongly associated with a high citation level. Medical communities should encourage journals as well as physicians to actively utilize social media to expedite the spread of new ideas and ultimately benefit medical society as a whole.
The stretch formability of twin-roll cast (TRC) Mg alloys at room temperature has been investigated in relation to their work-hardening capacity. It is shown that there is a linear relationship ...between stretch formability and the work-hardening capacity, represented by the inverse of the yield ratio. The randomization of texture and the increase in grain size increase the work-hardening exponent, resulting in an improvement in the stretch formability of TRC Mg alloys at room temperature.
The importance of the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) effect in Fe-based superconductors (FeSCs) has recently been under hot debate. Considering the Hund’s coupling-induced electronic correlation, the ...understanding of the role of SOC in FeSCs is not trivial and is still elusive. Here, through a comprehensive study ofSe77andFe57nuclear magnetic resonance, a nontrivial SOC effect is revealed in the nematic state of FeSe. First, the orbital-dependent spin susceptibility, determined by the anisotropy of theFe57Knight shift, indicates a predominant role from the3dxyorbital, which suggests the coexistence of local and itinerant spin degrees of freedom in the FeSe. Then, we reconfirm that the orbital reconstruction below the nematic transition temperature (Tnem∼90K) happens not only on the3dxzand3dyzorbitals but also on the3dxyorbital, which is beyond a trivial ferro-orbital order picture. Moreover, our results also indicate the development of a coherent coupling between the local and itinerant spin degrees of freedom belowTnem, which is ascribed to a Hund’s coupling-induced electronic crossover on the3dxyorbital. Finally, because of a nontrivial SOC effect, sizable in-plane anisotropy of the spin susceptibility emerges in the nematic state, suggesting a spin-orbital-intertwined nematicity rather than a simple spin- or orbital-driven nematicity. The present work not only reveals a nontrivial SOC effect in the nematic state but also sheds light on the mechanism of nematic transition in FeSe.
To investigate the characteristics and prevalence of poststroke depression (PSD) and poststroke emotional incontinence (PSEI) and the factors related to these conditions at admission and 3 months ...after stroke.
We evaluated 508 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke for PSD and PSEI at admission and 3 months later. PSD was evaluated using the Beck Depression Inventory, and PSEI was evaluated using Kim's criteria. Blood samples were collected and genotyped for the promoter region of the serotonin transporter protein (5-HTTLPR) and the number of tandem repeats within intron 2 (STin2 VNTR). Perceived social support (the ENRICHD Social Support Inventory) was also measured.
PSD and PSEI were present in 13.7% and 9.4% of patients, respectively, at admission and in 17.7% and 11.7%, respectively, at 3 months after stroke. Multivariate analyses showed that PSD at admission was associated with the NIH Stroke Scale score at admission (p < 0.001), whereas PSD at 3 months was associated with the presence of microbleeds (p < 0.01) and perceived low social support (p < 0.001). In contrast, only lesion location (p = 0.022) was associated with PSEI at admission, whereas modified Rankin Scale score (p = 0.019), STin2 VNTR (p = 0.040), and low social support (p = 0.042) were related to PSEI 3 months after stroke.
Diverse factors such as neurologic dysfunction, lesion location, microbleeds, genetic traits, and social support are differently related to acute and subacute emotional disturbances. Strategies to prevent or manage these problems should consider these differences.
Objective: To evaluate the impact of neurological and medical complications on 3‐month outcomes in acute ischaemic stroke patients.
Methods: We prospectively investigated complications for all the ...consecutive acute ischaemic stroke patients admitted within 7 days from onset in four university hospitals during a 1‐year period. Baseline data and 3‐month outcomes were collected. Poor outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score 3–6.
Results: A total of 1 254 patients were recruited: 264 (21.1%) and 303 (24.2%) patients experienced one or more neurological and medical complications, respectively. The most common complications were ischaemic stroke progression (17.1%) and pneumonia (12.0%). Of 1 233 patients with available 3‐month outcomes, 34.9% had a poor outcome. Multivariate analysis revealed that neurological (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval; 5.47, 3.63–8.24) and medical (3.47, 2.30–5.23) complications were independent predictors of the poor outcome. For the individual complications, ischaemic stroke progression (7.48, 4.73–11.84), symptomatic hemorrhagic transformation (3.57, 1.33–9.54), pneumonia (4.44, 2.20–8.99), extracranial bleeding (4.45, 1.88–10.53), and urinary tract infection (2.72, 1.32–5.60) were independently associated with the poor outcome.
Conclusion: Outcome after ischaemic stroke is adversely influenced by complications, especially ischaemic stroke progression, symptomatic hemorrhagic transformation, pneumonia, extracranial bleeding, and urinary tract infection. Interventions to prevent those complications might improve ischaemic stroke outcome.
At power turn-on in electronic equipments, a large current peak is observed due to large capacitance in the circuit. This current peak can be avoided by inserting negative temperature coefficient ...(NTC) thermistors. A new design of high-reliability, lowcost NTC thermistors is tried. Parallel connection of the thermistors is investigated, where the thermistors were thermally connected by ceramic package. It is shown that the thermal connection between the thermistors plays an important role in current distribution.
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