There are several pathologies related to the patellofemoral joint, in which the patellofemoral syndrome is one of the most common and challenging to treat. The patellofemoral syndrome results from a ...malalignment of the knee extensor mechanism. The purpose of our study was to describe and compare EMG responses of the vastus medialis and vastus lateralis muscles while walking up and down stairs and other clinical and functional responses in PFS subjects before and after a physical therapy intervention. Eleven subjects were studied and divided in two groups: six subjects with clinically diagnosed patellofemoral syndrome and five healthy control subjects. Subjects were evaluated by a functional and biomechanical evaluation protocol: postural evaluation, pain and knee function evaluation, and electromyographic activity of vastus medialis and lateralis muscles while walking up and down a staircase. Results showed higher efficiency of the vastus medialis muscle in carrying out eccentric exercises and increased muscle activity in both the vastus medialis and vastus lateralis muscles while climbing stairs after physical therapy treatment. We were able to identify an improvement in postural alignment of lower limb muscles and knee functionality among patellofemoral syndrome group subjects after treatment.
This paper describes packet loss concealment methods for MP3 audio. The proposed methods are based on estimation of modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT) coefficients of the lost packets. The ...estimation of MDCT coefficients of lower dimensions is performed by switching two concealment methods: the sign correction method and the correlation-based method. The concealment methods are switched based on redundant side information calculated subband-by-subband for reducing MDCT prediction errors. Next, a method for improving estimation of MDCT coefficients of higher dimensions was proposed. The method estimates the absolute value and sign of an MDCT coefficient independently. The subjective evaluation experiment proved that both of the improvement methods for lower and higher dimensions effectively improved the subjective audio quality.
OIZUMI, K., ONO, R., KONNO, K. and NUMAZAKI, Y. Isolation of Cytomegalovirus from the Lung Tissue of Patients with Intrapulmonary Neoplasma. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1989, 158 (4), 335-336 ...-Cytomegalovirus in the lung tissue was detected by demonstrating cytopathic effects on culture of fibroblasts. Three clinical features were common to patients in whose lung tissue cytomegalovirus was identified: (1) They had lung cancer. (2) They were on a high dose of prednisolone. (3) There were diffuse shadows on their chest x-ray film.
Smoking habits of the 827 lung cancer patients aged 40 years or over who were treated in the Sendai Kosei Hospital from 1977-82 were compared with those in the general population of a ...non-metropolitan district in northern Japan, which we recently surveyed by mail questionnaire. The relative risks of lung cancer by histologic type adjusted by age and area of residence were as follows: 1.9 for adenocarcinoma, 4.3 for squamous cell carcinoma, 3.9 for small cell carcinoma and 3.4 for large cell carcinoma in men, and 2.9, 6.4, 4.5 and 4.0 for these histologic types, respectively, in women. These elevated risks were all statistically significant (p less than 0.05). These findings suggest that smoking habits should be carefully considered when studying the etiology of any cell type of lung cancer, even adenocarcinoma, which often has been thought to be unrelated to smoking habits.
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