We generated two human induced pluripotent stem cell-line (iPSC) clones, NCCSi010-A and NCCSi010-B, from a 32-year-old alcoholic cirrhosis patient with minimal hepatic encephalopathy of Indian origin ...by reprogramming his CD4+ T cells with integration free Sendai viral vector system. The generated iPSC clones showed high alkaline phosphatase activity, expressed pluripotency markers, possessed potential for multi-lineage differentiation and exhibited a normal karyotype (46, XY). These two-patient specific iPSC clones of alcoholic liver cirrhosis can potentially serve as models for disease modeling, drug development and organoid generation (Shah and Bataller, 2016).
Liver cirrhosis accompanied with hepatic encephalopathy commonly causes cognitive impairment in patients. To model this disease, two independent patient specific induced pluripotent stem cell-line ...(iPSC) clones, NCCSi011-A and NCCSi011-B were generated by reprogramming the CD4+ T cells of an Indian male patient suffering from this chronic condition. Both clones expressed the stemness markers, formed embryoid bodies (EBs) with potential for spontaneous differentiation in to all the three lineages, exhibited normal karyotype (46, XY) and demonstrated alkaline phosphatase activity. These generated iPSC lines have potential for use in understanding biology of the disease and evaluation of drugs.
India accounts for nearly one-quarter of the global tuberculosis (TB) burden. Directly observed treatment (DOT) through in-person observation is recommended in India, although implementation has been ...heterogeneous due largely to resource limitations. Video DOT (vDOT) is a novel, smartphone-based approach that allows for remote treatment monitoring through patient-recorded videos. Prior studies in high-income, low disease burden settings, such as the United States, have shown vDOT to be feasible, although little is known about the role it may play in resource-limited, high-burden settings.
The goal of the research was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of vDOT for adherence monitoring within a resource-limited, high TB burden setting of India.
We conducted a prospective, single-arm, pilot implementation of vDOT in Pune, India. Outcome measures included adherence (proportion of prescribed doses observed by video) and verifiable fraction (proportion of prescribed doses observed by video or verbally confirmed with the patient following an incomplete/unverifiable video submission). vDOT acceptability among patients was assessed using a posttreatment survey.
A total of 25 patients enrolled. The median number of weeks on vDOT was 13 (interquartile range IQR 11-16). Median adherence was 74% (IQR 62%-84%), and median verifiable fraction was 86% (IQR 74%-98%). More than 90% of patients reported recording and uploading videos without difficulty.
We have demonstrated that vDOT may be a feasible and acceptable approach to TB treatment monitoring in India. Our work expands the evidence base around vDOT by being one of the first efforts to evaluate vDOT within a resource-limited, high TB burden setting. To our knowledge, this is the first reported use of vDOT in India.
Three induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) clones NCCSi007-A, NCCSi007-B and NCCSi007-C were generated from CD4+T cells of a 38 years old male patient suffering from liver cirrhosis- alcoholic and ...minimal hepatic encephalopathy of Indian origin. The CD4+T cells of the patient were reprogrammed using integration free, Sendai viral vector system. Each of the three iPSC clones showed high alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, expressed pluripotency markers OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, KLF4, SSEA-4, TRA-1–60, showed normal male karyotype (46, XY) and exhibited multi-lineage differentiation.
Background
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) immune response is crucial for disease management, although diminishing immunity raises the possibility of reinfection.
...Methods
We examined the immunological response to SARS‐CoV‐2 in a cohort of convalescent COVID‐19 patients in matched samples collected at 1 and 6−8 months after infection. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from enrolled study participants and flow cytometry analysis was done to assess the lymphocyte subsets of naive, effector, central memory, and effector memory CD4+ or CD8+ T cells in COVID‐19 patients at 1 and 6−8 months after infection. Immunophenotypic characterization of immune cell subsets was performed on individuals who were followed longitudinally for 1 month (n = 44) and 6−8 months (n = 25) after recovery from COVID infection.
Results
We observed that CD4 +T cells in hospitalized SARS‐CoV‐2 patients tended to decrease, whereas CD8+ T cells steadily recovered after 1 month, while there was a sustained increase in the population of effector T cells and effector memory T cells. Furthermore, COVID‐19 patients showed persistently low B cells and a small increase in the NK cell population.
Conclusion
Our findings show that T cell responses were maintained at 6−8 months after infection. This opens new pathways for further research into the long‐term effects in COVID‐19 immunopathogenesis.
It is showing study participants, study methodology, and results.
An acute unusual presentation of hepatocellular carcinoma Sharma, Zubin Dev; Gokhale, Vijayashree Shrirang; Chaudhari, Neha ...
Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics/Journal of cancer research and therapeutics,
04/2014, Letnik:
10, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a growing cause of mortality world over. The common risk factors include cirrhosis, viral infections, aflatoxin amongst others. Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP) levels and ...Ultrasonography (USG) are the preferred surveillance tools in early diagnosis of HCC. Here we present an unusual case of a young female with no known risk factors, no cirrhosis, no viral markers, and normal AFP levels who had a Acute hepatic failure eventually diagnosed as Primary Hepatocellular carcinoma.
Introduction: The pathogenesis of Alcoholic Liver Disease (ALD) shows immune dysregulation with decreasing lymphocyte subsets and increasing CD4/CD8 ratio. T lymphocyte activation leads to secretion ...of cytokines like Tumour Necrosis Factor-a (TNF-a) and interleukins causing inflammation and fibrosis. Aim: To correlate lymphocyte subsets and TNF-a and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) in different grades of alcoholic cirrhosis. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, crosssectional study carried out over a period of two years at a tertiary care hospital and research centre in Western Maharashtra. The study cohort consisted of 51 patients diagnosed clinically as alcoholic cirrhosis. They were classified into grades A, B and C by Child-Pugh’s score. Lymphocyte subsets were determined by flow cytometry. T lymphocytes were identified (CD3+), and further subdivided into CD4+and CD8+cells. TNF-a and IL-6 were measured by ELISA. All parameters were measured using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA test). Results: There was insignificant change in the total number of lymphocytes with different grades of cirrhosis. T lymphocytes and CD4+cells showed increase in count (885.38±464.19/ mm3 to 1002.81±338.52/mm3 ) and (489.63±248.23/mm3 to 689.05±263.08/mm3 ) respectively, with corresponding decrease in CD8 count (364±230.37 to 3440.38±165.91). There was also an increase in CD4/CD8 ratio (1.48 to 2.18) along with raised TNF-a (25.16±18.45 to 30.15±36.37) and IL-6 (58.27±50.52 to 175.38±241.85) with increasing grades of cirrhosis. Conclusion: Alcoholic cirrhosis is a complex entity caused due to interaction between various components of immune systems and elaboration of cytokines. We found increase in T lymphocytes and CD4+cells along with increase in cytokines TNF-a and IL-6 with increase in grades of cirrhosis.
Images in medicine - Gouty arthritis Shalaka Suresh Shinde; Tanvi Batra; Vijayashree S Gokhale ...
Medical journal of Dr. D Y Patil University,
01/2018, Letnik:
11, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Gout is a disorder of uric acid metabolism, characterised by deposition of monosodium urate crystals in joints and periarticular soft tissues as well as renal calculi and chronic nephropathy. The ...accumulation of crystals in the joints and periarticular soft tissue may cause recurrent episodes inflammatory arthritis. Over the years chronic form may occur with presence of tophi and chronic arthropathy frequently in peripheral and rarely in axial joints. Surgical intervention is usually reserved for cases of recurrent attacks with deformities, severe pain and joint destructions.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Hypocellular acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is defined as AML with bone marrow cellularity <20%. Hypocellular AML is an infrequent entity. Its frequency ranges between 5% and 12% of all cases of AML. ...Hypocellular variants of acute leukemia almost always have a myeloid phenotype and usually develop secondary to radiation or chemotherapy. We report a rare case of Hypocellular AML-M4 occurring in a 60-year-old woman who was incidentally found to be positive for HIV.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Background: Mineral bone disease (MBD) is a systemic disorder of mineral and bone metabolism due to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Bone disease in CKD is due to secondary hyperparathyroidism. Serum ...intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) level estimation is a potential noninvasive method for the diagnosis of MBD at early stage. Aim: Treating renal bone disease should be one of the primary aims of therapy for CKD. Evaluation of the biochemical parameters of CKD-MBD (primarily phosphorus, calcium, parathyroid hormone, and Vitamin D levels) as early as CKD stage 3, and an assessment of bone status (by the best means available), should be used to guide treatment decisions. The adverse effects of high phosphorus intake relative to renal clearance (including stimulation of hyperparathyroidism) precede hyperphosphatemia, which presents late in CKD. Early reduction of phosphorus load may ameliorate these adverse effects. Evidence that calcium load may influence progression of vascular calcification with effects on mortality, should also be considered when choosing the type and dose of phosphate binder to be used. MBD in CKD has high morbidity and mortality and hence it is important to detect it at an early stage. iPTH levels can be highly sensitive and it is one of the useful noninvasive biochemical parameters to detect MBD in CKD. Materials and Methods: This was an observational study carried out in a tertiary care teaching hospital. The study involved 60 patients of CKD. Detailed history, physical examination, and biochemical parameters were assessed in all of them. Results: There was a significant association between hypertension, diabetes with nephropathy, and highly significant association between serum iPTH and raised blood urea levels in MBD group, however there was no significant association between duration of CKD, hemoglobin, creatinine, uric acid, phosphorous, calcium, and alkaline phosphatase with MBD. Conclusions: MBD in CKD can be detected at early stage by the use of noninvasive methods of estimation of serum iPTH levels.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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