The Bardo Museum in Tunis currently holds one of the very rare representations in mosaic of the prophet Daniel in the lions’ den. Discovered at Borj el Youdi (Furnos Minus) in 1898, and probably ...dating to the fifth century, this mosaic is highly distinct in its conception, standing apart from representations of Daniel which were very popular in North Africa in other media, especially ceramics. I argue that while the mosaic does draw on standard iconography of Daniel, it also explicitly refers to amphitheatre spectacle, and especially to damnatio ad bestias to which earlier Christians were subject. This mosaic much more graphically than other representations of the story shows Daniel as a Christian martyr, and in doing so reflects the fourth-fifth century north African context when the Church was split by sectarian strife between Catholics and Donatists, the latter of whom viewed themselves as the Church of the Martyrs.
P. Vedius Antoninus III is widely known as a major benefactor of Ephesos. A reassessment of the epigraphic evidence indicates that he was following a longstanding familial tradition of euergetism ...with clear topographic locations in the city. In addition, the Vedius gymnasium and the bouleuterion were important vehicles for representing his relationship to the Antonine imperial house. / P. Vedius Antoninus, troisième du nom, était réputé à Éphèse pour son rôle de bienfaiteur. Une nouvelle étude du corpus épigraphique indique qu'il respectait ainsi une longue tradition familiale d'évergétisme avec un souci marqué pour certains lieux topographiques de la cité. De plus, le gymnase qu'il fit construire et le bouleuterion permettaient de souligner les liens qui l'unissaient à la famille impériale des Antonins.
This paper presents a new inscription from Ephesos, one not discovered through recent excavation or survey, but rather through archival research in the papers of John Turtle Wood, the first excavator ...of the site. Wood discovered this inscription and several others during his excavations of the bouleuterion. The stone, a low statue-base inscribed with three short lines of text, is lost. It exists only as a sketch in one of Wood's letters archived in the British Museum. When taken in the context of the other inscriptions from the bouleuterion at Ephesos, this statue-base inscription suggests that an imperial statue-group stood in the building. It also may be added to the corpus of inscriptions concerning P. Vedius Antoninus III, the well-known benefactor of Ephesos. The first part of this paper discusses the discovery of the new inscription in the archive; the second part discusses its significance.
This thesis examines the private patronage of public building in selected cities of the Eastern Roman Empire, ca. 31 BCE to 600. It argues that the complex ideological and political meaning of public ...budding can be understood through the extension of a model of patron/client relations in Roman society which defines patronage as a reciprocal, non-commercial exchange of goods or services between people of different social status. Part One of the study demonstrates the usefulness of the model for examining the patterns of building patronage in early imperial Ephesos. The first chapter locates the ideological and political functions of the patronage of public building within the context of Roman patronage as a whole. Chapter Two uses epigraphic evidence to show that it was the local élite who dominated public budding at Ephesos and describes the types of structures they built. Chapter Three analyses the placement, form and content of building-related inscriptions from Ephesos in order to reveal the political and ideological meanings and motivations behind the private finance of public building. Chapter Four presents a case study in the social and political uses of building, focusing on a series of buildings and inscriptions related to the activities of Marcus Claudius Publius Vedius Antoninus Phaedrus Sabinianus, a prominent citizen of mid-second century Ephesos. In Part Two, the model is extended to budding patronage in Late Antique Asia Minor. Chapter Five uses the inscriptions of Aphrodisias and Ephesos to show that there were two major shifts in the Patterns of patronage ca. 284–600. In the first phase of development, the patronage of public building was dominated by provincial governors. In the second, responsibility for the finance of civic structures returned to the local élite. Chapter Six then analyses the language and content of building inscriptions in order to show that, despite these shifts in personnel, the ideological and political meaning of building remained remarkably constant from the first through sixth centuries CE.
The acetic acid bacterium Gluconobacter oxydans 621H is characterized by its exceptional ability to incompletely oxidize a great variety of carbohydrates in the periplasm. The metabolism of this ...α-proteobacterium has been characterized to some extent, yet little is known about its transcriptomes and related data. In this study, we applied two different RNAseq approaches. Primary transcriptomes enriched for 5'-ends of transcripts were sequenced to detect transcription start sites, which allow subsequent analysis of promoter motifs, ribosome binding sites, and 5´-UTRs. Whole transcriptomes were sequenced to identify expressed genes and operon structures.
Sequencing of primary transcriptomes of G. oxydans revealed 2449 TSSs, which were classified according to their genomic context followed by identification of promoter and ribosome binding site motifs, analysis of 5´-UTRs including validation of predicted cis-regulatory elements and correction of start codons. 1144 (41%) of all genes were found to be expressed monocistronically, whereas 1634 genes were organized in 571 operons. Together, TSSs and whole transcriptome data were also used to identify novel intergenic (18), intragenic (328), and antisense transcripts (313).
This study provides deep insights into the transcriptional landscapes of G. oxydans. The comprehensive transcriptome data, which we made publicly available, facilitate further analysis of promoters and other regulatory elements. This will support future approaches for rational strain development and targeted gene expression in G. oxydans. The corrections of start codons further improve the high quality genome reference and support future proteome analysis.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) contribute to instability of the host genome and plasmids. Previously, removal of the prophages in the industrial amino acid producer
Corynebacterium glutamicum
ATCC 13 ...032 resulted in strain MB001 which showed better survival under stress conditions and increased transformability. Still, eight families of Insertion Sequence (IS) elements with 27 potentially active members remain in MB001, two of which were demonstrated to be detrimental in biotechnological processes. In this study, systematical deletion of all complete IS elements in MB001 resulted in the MGE-free strain CR101. CR101 shows growth characteristics identical to the wildtype and the increased transformability of MB001. Due to its improved genome stability, we consider this strain to be an optimal host for basic research and biotechnology. As a “zero-background” host, it is also an ideal basis to study
C. glutamicum
IS elements. Re-sequencing of CR101 revealed that only five spontaneous point mutations had occurred during the construction process, highlighting the low mutation rate of
C. glutamicum
on the nucleotide level. In a second step, we developed an easily applicable IS
Cg1
-based transposon mutagenesis system to randomly transpose a selectable marker. For optimal plasmid stability during cloning in
Escherichia coli
, the system utilizes a genetic switch based on the phage integrase Bxb1. Use of this integrase revealed the presence of a functional
attB
site in the
C. glutamicum
genome. To avoid cross-talk with our system and increase ease-of-use, we removed the
attB
site and also inserted the Bxb1 encoding gene into the chromosome of CR101. Successful insertion of single markers was verified by sequencing randomly selected mutants. Sequencing pooled mutant libraries revealed only a weak target site specificity, seemingly random distribution of insertion sites and no general strand bias. The resulting strain, ML103, together with plasmid pML10 provides a easily customizable system for random mutagenesis in an otherwise genomically stable
C. glutamicum
. Taken together, the MGE-free
C. glutamicum
strain CR101, the derivative ML103, and the plasmid pML10 provide a useful set of tools to study
C. glutamicum
in the future.
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