Unequal access to cancer clinical trials is an important issue, given the potential benefits of participation for cancer patients. We evaluated regional disparities in access to cancer clinical ...trials in Korea.
From the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety database, we extracted 2,465 records of all cancer clinical trials approved between January 2012 and April 2023. To measure disparities in cancer clinical trial access, we calculated the ratio of clinical trials open to non-capital areas relative to those open to capital areas. We then analyzed temporal trends in this ratio, which we termed the trial geographical equity index (TGEI).
Disparities in access to cancer clinical trials, as indicated by the TGEI, did not significantly improve during the study period (regression coefficient, 0.002; p=0.59). However, for phase II/III trials sponsored by global pharmaceutical companies, the TGEI improved significantly (regression coefficient, 0.021; p<0.01). In contrast, the TGEI deteriorated for trials initiated by investigators or those testing domestically developed therapeutics (regression coefficient, -0.015; p=0.05). Furthermore, the increasing trend of TGEI for phase II/III trials sponsored by global companies began to reverse after 2019, coinciding with the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Over the past decade, access to cancer clinical trials has improved in Korea, particularly for phase II/III trials evaluating therapeutics from global companies. However, this increase in accessibility has not extended to trials initiated by investigators or those assessing domestically developed therapeutics. Additionally, the impact of COVID-19 on disparities in clinical trial access should be closely monitored.
Dysregulation of O-GlcNAcylation has emerged as a potential biomarker for several diseases, particularly cancer. The role of OGT (O-GlcNAc transferase) in maintaining O-GlcNAc homeostasis has been ...extensively studied; nevertheless, the regulation of OGA (O-GlcNAcase) in cancer remains elusive. Here, we demonstrated that the multifunctional protein RBM14 is a regulator of cellular O-GlcNAcylation. By investigating the correlation between elevated O-GlcNAcylation and increased RBM14 expression in lung cancer cells, we discovered that RBM14 promotes ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation of OGA, ultimately mediating cellular O-GlcNAcylation levels. In addition, RBM14 itself is O-GlcNAcylated at serine 521, regulating its interaction with the E3 ligase TRIM33, consequently affecting OGA protein stability. Moreover, we demonstrated that mutation of serine 521 to alanine abrogated the oncogenic properties of RBM14. Collectively, our findings reveal a previously unknown mechanism for the regulation of OGA and suggest a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of cancers with dysregulated O-GlcNAcylation.
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•RBM14 regulates OGA protein level by facilitating its interaction with E3 ligase TRIM33•RBM14 is O-GlcNAcylated on serine 521 by OGT•O-GlcNAcylation of RBM14 promotes degradation of OGA, elevating cellular O-GlcNAc•RBM14 O-GlcNAcylation promotes cancer cell growth, migration, and invasion
Kweon et al. report that RBM14 contributes to elevated O-GlcNAcylation in cancer by promoting the degradation of OGA. RBM14 O-GlcNAcylation on serine 521 plays a critical role in this process by recruiting E3 ligase TRIM33 to OGA. Finally, O-GlcNAcylation of RBM14 is shown to modulate cancer cell growth, migration, and invasion.
Sodium (Na) metal batteries offer a promising alternative to lithium (Li) counterparts, leveraging the abundant and cost-effective nature of Na metal. However, the development of optimized separators ...and polymer electrolytes remains essential for Na metal systems. Herein, we propose a novel approach to prepare composite gel polymer electrolytes by embedding regularly distributed silica particles within a porous poly(vinylidene fluoride-
co
-hexafluoropropylene) (PVH) matrix through static breath-figure self-assembly. This method enables the incorporation of high silica particle loadings, up to 70 wt%, ensuring thermal and mechanical stability, high ionic conductivity, and effective suppression of Na dendrite formation. Post-mortem analyses, employing in-depth X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), offer valuable insights into how these composite gel polymer electrolytes influence the cycling performance of Na metal batteries. This study presents a straightforward and efficient strategy for fabricating composite gel polymer electrolytes to enhance the performance of Na metal batteries.
This study presents a novel method for fabricating composite gel polymer electrolytes through breath-figure self-assembly for Na metal batteries.
The hydrogel of biomolecule-assisted metal/organic complex has the superior ability to form a uniform, continuous, and densely integrated structure, which is necessary for fine thin film fabrication. ...As a representative of nature-originated polymers with abundant reactive side chains, we select the gelatin molecule as an element for weaving the metal cations. Here, we demonstrate the interaction between the metal cation and gelatin molecules, and associate it with coating quality. We investigate the rheological property of gelatin solutions interacting with metal cation from the view of cross-linking and denaturing of gelatin molecules. Also, we quantitatively compare the corresponding interactions by monitoring the absorbance spectrum of the cation. The coated porous structure is systematically investigated from the infiltration of gelatin-mediated Gd
Ce
O
(GDC) precursor into Sm
Sr
CoO
(SSC) porous scaffold. By applying the actively interacting gelatin-GDC system, we achieve a thin film of GDC on SSC with excellent uniformity. Compare to the discrete coating from the typical infiltration process, the optimized thin film coated structure shows enhanced performance and stability.
Transition-metal-catalyzed or metal-free azide–alkyne cycloadditions are methods to access 1,4- or 1,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles. Although the copper-catalyzed cycloaddition to access ...1,4-disubstituted products has been applied to biomolecular reaction systems, the azide–alkyne cycloaddition to access the complementary 1,5-regioisomers under aqueous and ambient conditions remains a challenge due to limited substrate scope or moisture-/air-sensitive catalysts. Herein, we report a method to access 1,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles using a Cp2Ni/Xantphos catalytic system. The reaction proceeds both in water and organic solvents at room temperature. This protocol is simple and scalable with a broad substrate scope including both aliphatic and aromatic substrates. Moreover, triazoles attached with carbohydrates or amino acids are prepared via this cycloaddition.
Sodium (Na) metal batteries offer a promising alternative to lithium (Li) counterparts, leveraging the abundant and cost-effective nature of Na metal. However, the development of optimized separators ...and polymer electrolytes remains essential for Na metal systems. Herein, we propose a novel approach to prepare composite gel polymer electrolytes by embedding regularly distributed silica particles within a porous poly(vinylidene fluoride- co -hexafluoropropylene) (PVH) matrix through static breath-figure self-assembly. This method enables the incorporation of high silica particle loadings, up to 70 wt%, ensuring thermal and mechanical stability, high ionic conductivity, and effective suppression of Na dendrite formation. Post-mortem analyses, employing in-depth X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), offer valuable insights into how these composite gel polymer electrolytes influence the cycling performance of Na metal batteries. This study presents a straightforward and efficient strategy for fabricating composite gel polymer electrolytes to enhance the performance of Na metal batteries.
To evaluate the prospective association of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and related visual disability (VD) with the risk of depression.
This nationwide population-based cohort study used ...authorized clinical data provided by the Korean National Health Insurance Service.
A total of 3 599 589 individuals older than 50 years participated in the Korean National Health Screening Program in 2009.
Age-related macular degeneration diagnosis and the presence of accompanying VD were verified using diagnostic codes and disability registration data. Data on covariates, including age, sex, income level, residential area, systemic comorbidities, and behavioral factors, were collected from health screening results and claims data. Patients were followed up until December 2019, and incident cases of depression were identified using registered diagnostic codes. The prospective association of AMD and related VD with new-onset depression was investigated using the multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard model.
Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for depression development according to the presence of AMD and VD.
During an average follow-up period of 8.52 years, 1 037 088 patients received new diagnoses of depression. Patients with previous diagnoses of AMD showed a greater risk of new-onset depression, with a hazard ratio of 1.15 (95% CI, 1.13-1.17) compared with the control group in the fully adjusted model. Patients with AMD and accompanying VD showed a further increased risk of depression, with a hazard ratio of 1.23 (95% CI, 1.16-1.30).
Individuals with a diagnosis of AMD have a higher risk of depression developing in the future. The risk of depression is increased further in patients with AMD who demonstrate VD.
The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.
Stable operation at elevated temperature has significant importance for the commercialization of solid oxide fuel cells. In particular, interdiffusion at the interface between the cathode and the ...electrolyte during long-term operation leads to the formation of insulating phases, significantly reducing the cell performance. In this study, a simple wet chemical coating method was employed to fabricate a thin, dense Gd
0.2
Ce
0.8
O
2−
δ
(GDC) diffusion barrier layer between the La
0.6
Sr
0.4
Co
0.2
Fe
0.8
-O
3−
δ
(LSCF) cathode and yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte with a gelatin hydrogel-based precursor solution. The fabrication of thin dense film GDC using a simple spin coating method was enabled by the interfacial self-assembly of organic/inorganic composites between the precursor and hydrogel. The anode-supported single cell with a hydrogel-assisted GDC chemical diffusion barrier layer showed improved electrochemical performance due to fast ionic conduction
via
short and highly percolated diffusion pathways, maintaining the initial performance after the accelerated heat treatment at 900 °C for 100 h by preventing the cation interdiffusion at the interface.
A novel thin-film coating technique using a gelatin-based GDC precursor solution was developed for dense and smooth 2D layers achieving excellent chemical stability.
Abstract Background Previous studies have investigated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks in cancer patients, but there is limited knowledge concerning the CVD risk in adult and young adolescent ...(AYA) survivors of gastric cancer. Objectives This study aims to investigate the incidence of CVD in AYA gastric cancer survivors, analyzing it by treatment type and identifying associated risk factors. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study using Korean National Health Insurance Service data collected from 2006 to 2019. Propensity score matching (1:3, caliper < 0.1) was performed using the variables age, sex, income, residential area, and presence of comorbidities, and we classified participants into gastric cancer ( n = 6562) and non-cancer control ( n = 19,678) groups. Cox regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for CVD incidence. The study assessed CVD incidence by cancer treatment and identified risk factors through multivariable Cox regression. Results During a median 6.5-year follow-up, AYA gastric cancer survivors consistently exhibited greater CVD incidence. Their risk of CVD was significantly elevated compared to that of controls (HR, 1.18; 95% confidence interval CI 1.05–1.33). In particular, deep vein thrombosis (HR, 3.93; 95% CI 3.06–14.67) and pulmonary embolism (HR, 6.58; 95% CI 3.06–14.67) risks were notably increased. Chemotherapy was associated with an increased risk of stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism. Hypertension (HR, 1.58; 95% CI 1.10–2.26) and dyslipidemia (HR, 1.46; 95% CI 1.06–2.20) emerged as risk factors for CVD development. Conclusion This study reports elevated risks of CVD in AYA gastric cancer survivors and emphasizes the need for vigilant monitoring of CVD in this population.
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