The three year variability of fruits and seeds was investigated in Berberis croatica (Vošac, Mt Biokovo, Rakov Potok near Zagreb) and in B. vulgaris (Fran Kušan Pharmaceutical Botanical Garden in ...Zagreb). Berberis croatica had the following dimensions of fruits (seeds): length 7.28-7.88 (4.57-5.03) mm; width 3.85-3.99 (width 1: 2.06-2.20; width 2: 1.44-1.63) mm; weight 0.065-0.078 (0.0116-0.0134) g. Dimensions of B. vulgaris fruits (seeds) were: length 10.20-11.29 (5.71-6.24) mm; width 5.29-5.83 (width 1: 2.40-2.71; width 2: 1.60-1.98) mm; weight 0.1602-0.2199 (0.0146-0.0235) g. The fruit shape of both species was similar and the length/width ratio was 1.91-2.04 in B. croatica and 1.77-2.07 in B. vulgaris. The number of seeds per fruit was 1.23-1.58 in B. croatica and 1.36-1.54 in B. vulgaris. Generally, fruits and seeds of B. vulgaris were significantly longer, wider and heavier than fruits and seeds of B. croatica. ANOVA showed significant statistical differences between populations for all analyzed fruit and seed traits while the species significantly differed in all traits, except in the fruit shape and number of seeds in fruit.
Leaf and shoot characteristics of the following four European barberry taxa
from the Balkan Peninsula and Sicily were investigated in the present study:
Berberis croatica, B. vulgaris, B. aetnensis ...and B. cretica. Analyses were
based on 10 populations of B. croatica, five of B. vulgaris and two
populations of both B. aetnensis and B. cretica. Populations were randomly
selected within the natural distribution area of these species. Eight leaf
traits, three shoot traits and the blade length/width ratio were analysed.
Multivariate analysis (principal component analysis, canonical discriminant
analysis and cluster analysis) distinguished B. cretica and B. aetnensis
populations and, to a lesser extent, the populations of B. croatica and B.
vulgaris. ANOVA showed that the analysed populations of both B. aetnensis
and B. cretica were homogeneous within the species. All populations of both
B. croatica and B. vulgaris showed different degrees of intraspecies
variability. Lack of complete separation, the observed grouping of
populations and high intraspecies variability in B. vulgaris and B. croatica
may reflect the fact that the sampled B vulgaris and B.croatica populations
were located at environmentally variable sites (unlike B. aetnensis and B.
cretica), resulting in high phenotypic plasticity in those populations. Even
though the observed patterns of morphological variation support the idea of
four barberry taxa on the Balkan Peninsula and in Sicily, because of
suspected adaptive phenotypic plasticity of the analysed Berberis taxa, the
true taxonomic status of these taxa needs to be additionally confirmed by
molecular methods.
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The Croatian barberry (Berberis croatica Horvat) is an endemic Illyrian-Balkanic species growing on rocky slopes at the upper limit of the wooded zone in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, ...and Macedonia. The paper deals with eleven new localities of the Croatian barberry in Croatia. New small and isolated populations of the Croatian barberry were found on Mt Ucka, in the hinterland of Rijeka and on Mt Velebit. Keywords: Berberis croatica, flora, Ucka, Velebit, Rijeka
Every year wildfires during the dry and hot summer season cause serious damage in agro-forest systems in Mediterranean area. Preventive measures are the most important issue in order to ensure ...agricultural production and sustainable tourism. One of preventive measures is planting of vegetation fire protection belts by using a low flammable plant species. Among low flammable plant species carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L., family of Fabaceae, subfamily of Caesalpinioideae) have special position. The carob tree grows in the coastal regions of Mediterranean basin as component of Mediterranean evergreen, "maquis" and "garigue" vegetation. Pods and seeds of carob tree are widely used in pharmaceutical and food industries. Additionally, carob tree is moderate to less flammable plant species in evergreen Mediterranean vegetation and its cultivation in Mediterranean region could be very useful from environment and from economic point of view. Its planting could be one of preventive activity from wildfire and in protection of agricultural areas and agro-forest systems against fires.
Ruscus hypoglossumL. is an attractive ornamental plant which is being over-harvested from the nature. In order to obtain information on phenotypic variability of natural populations growing in ...Croatia, initial screening of morphological characters interesting from the ornamental point of view was performed. Twelve natural populations were included in the investigation and following traits were analyzed: stem and internode length, length and width of the cladodes and bracts, total number of cladodes and bracts per stem as well as the ratio between length and width of the cladodes and bracts. Analyzed populations and morphological traits showed variability. The longest average stem length (56.13 cm), internode length (5.67 cm), total number of cladodes (17.87) and bracts per stem (16.00) was recorded in the Vrbovsko Japlenica population. Total number of bracts per stem was the trait that varied the most with a coefficient of variability up to 73.64%. Cluster analysis showed that the Nerezine and Vrbovsko Japlenica populations differed the most form the other investigated populations. These two populations, together with the Skupica population, are the most interesting for further investigation and future selection.
Kako bi se dobio uvid u varijabilnost prirodnih populacija širokolisne veprine (Ruscus hypoglossum L.) provedeno je morfometrijsko istraživanje na uzorcima iz sedam prirodnih populacija u Hrvatskoj ...(Japlenica, Skupica, Vrhovčak, Strahinščica, Gornji Dragonožac, Kalnik, Oriovac). Utvrđeno je da su istraživane morfološke značajke vrlo varijabilne te je koeficijent varijabilnosti na razini svih populacija iznosio od 21,35 % za svojstvo omjer dužine i širine listolikih brakteja do 56,90 % za svojstvo dužina internodija. Klaster analizom i analizom glavnih komponenti utvrđeno je da su međusobno najsličnije populacije Oriovac i Strahinščica. Najviše se razlikovala populacija Japlenica i to po najduljim izbojcima, najvećim filokladijima i listolikim braktejama, te po najvećem broju filokladija i listolikih brakteja po izbojku. Od ostalih populacija isticale su se populacije Skupica s najokruglastijim i Kalnik s najduguljastijim filokladijima.
Izbor biljnih vrsta jedan je od glavnih aspekata oblikovanja zelenih površina o kojem ovise i estetsko-oblikovni i tehničko-ekonomski rezultati samog oblikovanja. U području Mediterana teoretski je ...moguća primjena vrlo velikog broja vrsta. Karakteristike tog područja, naročito one povezane s fototermičkim svojstvima, omogućuju uvrštavanje brojnih tropskih i suptropskih vrsta. Ograničavajući faktor u korištenju ovih biljaka često puta predstavlja preslabo poznavanje njihovih specifičnih potreba. Izbor vrsta se stoga učestalo provodi u svjetlu nepotpunih i približnih informacija o svojstvima i potrebama biljaka. Takva praksa je naročito “kažnjiva” u južnom dijelu Italije gdje je tradicija uređivanja zelenih površina manje raznolika u usporedbi sa srednjom i sjevernom Europom.
Cilj ovog rada bila je preliminarna procjena svojstava ključnih pri izboru ukrasnih biljaka za zelene površine. Naime, zahvaljujući analizi nekih bibliografskih izvora te direktnih snimaka utvrđene su vrste pogodne za primjenu u mediteranskom području. Ti podaci poslužit će za stvaranje što potpunijeg i ažuriranog popisa korištenih i/ili iskoristivih vrsta. Ukupno je popisano nešto manje od 3500 vrsta, mnoge od njih (74, 8%) se navode samo u jednom od konzultiranih literaturnih izvora dok se tek 36 vrsta (1,1%) spominje u svim konzultiranim izvorima. Od botaničkih porodica, po brojnosti se ističu vrste iz porodice Rosaceae (57 rodova i 371 vrsta), Leguminosae (69 rodova i 218 vrsta), Compositae (71 rod i 156 vrsta) i Liliaceae (55 rodova i 147 vrsta). Dobro su zastupljene i porodice sa sukulentnim vrstama (Agavaceae, Cactaceae, Crassulaceae itd.) i geofiti (Amaryllidaceae, Iridaceae, Liliaceae) uvijek prisutni u oblikovanju zelenih površina u mediteranskom okružju, uz druge reprezentativne porodice kao što su Palmae, Bignoniaceae, Myrtaceae. Raspro-stranjenost vrsta prema području porijekla potvrđuje značajno ali ne dominantno prisustvo “pravih mediteranskih biljaka” tj. svega 8% autohtonih vrsta. Ukrasno mediteransko zelenilo je, čini se obilježeno uočljivim karakterom egzotičnosti, što je i pokazatelj povoljnih uvijeta na proučavanom području.
U razdoblju od svibnja do kolovoza 2011. godine provedena je analiza zastupljenosti otrovnih i alergenih biljnih vrsta na lokacijama odgojnoobrazovnih ustanova grada Samobora. U istraživanje je bilo ...uključeno devet lokacija od čega tri vrtića, četiri osnovne škole, jedna srednja škola i jedna knjižnica. Na istraživanim lokacijama zabilježeno je 15 otrovnih biljnih vrsta sa 182 determinirana primjerka te 17 alergenih biljnih vrsta sa 129 determiniranih primjeraka.
Within research project “Taxonomy, Ecology and Utilization of Carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) and Bay Laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) in Croatia” (HRZZ-IP-11-2013-3304), a total of 1200 plant samples ...were collected from 12 distinct populations of bay laurel in Croatian Adriatic area. After morphometric analyses of leaves, AFLP analyses of genetic variability, and variability of total essential oils content in leaves of bay laurel populations, significant correlation between leaf surface and essential oils content (Spearman’s Rank Order Corr. Coeff. rs = 0.15 ns) was not found, while the correlation between latitude and essential oils content was strongly negative (Spearman’s Rank Order Corr. Coeff. rs = - 0.78; p<0.05). However, the correlation between longitude and essential oils content was strongly positive (Spearman’s Rank Order Corr. Coeff. rs = 0.73; p<0.05). On the other hand, the results of Mantel test showed low, but positive and highly significant correlation between AFLP variability of populations and essential oils content (r = 0.39; p<0.01), while the significant correlation between AFLP variability of populations and leaf lamina surface (i.e. expectedly the most influential factor on accumulation of essential oils) was not obtained. Obtained results of these matrix correlations (i.e. Spearman’s Rank Order Correlations and Mantel test) correspond with the results of Friedman’s ANOVA and Kendall’s Coeff. of Concordance for variability of total essential oils content between the populations (ANOVA Chi Square = 21.88; p = 0.025 and Kendall’s Coeff. of Concordance = 0.99; Aver. rank r = 0.98). According to these results, it is possible to conclude that the populations of bay laurel from locations of south-east Croatian Adriatic islands and coastal area accumulate higher quantity of essential oils in the comparison with the populations of north-west islands and coastal area.
U tradicionalnom uređenju gradskih prostora dugo je vremena bila uobičajena uporaba relativno ograničenog broja biljnih vrsta. Novi trendovi upućuju na mogućnosti primjene autohtonih biljnih vrsta ...čak i na repre-zentativnim gradskim prostorima oponašanjem prirodnog biljnog pokrova. Autohtone biljne vrste bolje su prilagođene uvjetima staništa, a njihovo održavanje je jeftinije. Njihovom primjenom doprinosi se očuvanju biološke i krajobrazne raznolikosti, što je značajno jer se ponekad radi o, na prirodnim staništima, ugroženim i zaštićenim biljnim vrstama.
Takva je vrsta širokolisna veprina, Ruscus hypoglossum L. U prirodi je na većini staništa ugrožena zbog toga što je cvjećari skupljaju kao zelenilo za aranžmane. Radi se o vrlo dekorativnoj vrsti pogodnoj za sadnju na zasjenjenim mjestima kako u vrtu tako i na zelenim gradskim površinama.
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