Abstract Neurorehabilitation of poststroke cognitive impairments is an important medical problem. The purpose of the present study was to estimate the efficacy of new methods of restoration of ...impaired cognitive functions using computer correction programs. 43 poststroke patients aged 57–69, (male — 23, female — 20) were randomized into two groups. First group patients have been treated with the standard methods and supplementary neuropsychological computer training for 14 days, 25–35 min of duration per day. Control group received standard treatment according to Federal and local medical recommendations. Initial and achieved levels of cognitive functioning were estimated with the use of Mini Mental State Examination, Frontal Assessment Battery, the Clock Drawing Test, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Schulte's test, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. We found that including the computer correction programs into the complex protocol of rehabilitation of post-stroke patients confirmed their efficacy in both clinical aspects and the Patient Global Impression Scale. Although the results are encouraging, further studies are required with larger samples and longer follow-up to identify characteristics of those patients who are most likely to benefit from computer training of cognitive functions.
Introduction The problem the treatment of depression in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is determined by the growing prevalence of anxiety and depressive disorders (ADD) among ...patients.
Repetitive quarantines and social restrictions during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have negatively affected the population health in general, and the control of hypertension (HTN) ...in particular.
Aim
. To evaluate the control of HTN in the Russian population during the COVID-19 period based on the results of screening for HTN May Measurement Month 2021 (MMM2021).
Material and methods
. During May-August 2021, 2491 participants from 11 Russian regions took part in the screening. Participation was voluntary without restrictions on sex. All participants were over 18 years of age. During the screening, blood pressure (BP) was measured three times using automatic and mechanical BP monitors. In addition, a questionnaire was filled out on behavioral risk factors, comorbidities and therapy. HTN was diagnosed with systolic BP ≥140 mmHg and/ or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg and/or taking antihypertensive therapy. The questionnaire included questions about prior COVID-19, vaccinations and their impact on the intake of antihypertensive drugs.
Results
. The analysis included data from 2461 respondents aged 18 to 92, of which 963 were men (39,1%). The proportion of hypertensive patients was 41,0%, while among them 59,0% took antihypertensives and 30,9% were effectively treated. In comparison with pre-pandemic period according to MMM2018-2019, the higher proportion of HTN patients in the Russian sample was revealed during MMM2021 (41,0% vs 31,3%, p<0,001) with a comparable proportion of patients receiving antihypertensive therapy (60,7% vs 59,0%, p=0,05) and treatment efficacy (28,7% vs 30,9%, p=0,36). Monotherapy was received in 44,7% of cases, while dual and triple combination therapy — in 30,9% and 14,1%, respectively. The majority of respondents (~90%) did not adjust their antihypertensive therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Conclusion
. According to HTN screening in Russia, there is persistent ineffective control of HTN, which may be due to both the worsening pattern of behavioral risk factors, limited access to healthcare during COVID-19, and the inertia of physicians and low adherence of patients due to the asymptomatic HTN course in the majority.
Objective. Pharmacoeconomic analysis of the use of combinations of antihypertensive drugs were olmesartan/lercanidipine and zofenopril/lercanidipine in patients with essential hypertension II-III ...stage.Materials and methods. The authors performed prospective randomized uncontrolled study. Were examined in 27 people essential hypertension with II-III stage age from 40 to 71 years before and after the use of combinations of drugs olmesartan/lercanidipine and zofenopril/lercanidipine. An ABC/VEN-analysis, сost-effectiveness analysis, comparative assessment of the incidence of side effects of the studied drugs were performed.Results. Anti-hypertensive effect of the studied combinations of drugs were not significantly different and equally effectively reduced blood pressure. But the cost of blood pressure reduction at 1 mm Hg was the smallest in the group zofenopril/lercanidipine.Conclusion. The results of pharmacoeconomic analysis to be more cost-effective combination for the treatment of patients with essential hypertension II-III stage is the combination of zofenopril/lercanidipine.
To work out the techniques of forecasting the development of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in early and late periods after coronary bypass surgery using fully connected multilayer neural ...networks.
Based on the study of 264 patients with stroke, 9 neural network models for prognosis of cognitive dysfunction after coronary bypass surgery and 7 models for prognosis of cognitive dysfunction 12 months after surgery were built. Fully connected multilayer neural networks of direct propagation were used for working-out the prognostic techniques.
The high prognostic significance of neural networks in relation to cognitive disorders in early and late periods after coronary bypass surgery under extracorporeal circulation was demonstrated. Possibilities of creating neural networks make their application in cardiac surgery clinics available and promising.
Aim. To assess the condition of cerebral blood flow and cognitive functions in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients underwent on-pump coronary bypass surgery and to evaluate the influence of ...citicoline on the condition of higher cerebral functions during early and delayed follow-up after the surgery.Material and methods. At the Federal Center of Cardiovascular Surgery (Krasnoyarsk city), 66 patients investigated, with CHD. Patients were selected to two groups. In the main group (n=36) as a cerebral protector citicoline was used intravenously pre-operation, dosage 1000 mg on 200 mL 0,9% saline, and then 7 days after operation with further intake 900 mg daily for 2 months. Comparison group (n=30) did not undergo cerebroprotection in perioperational period.Results. By the 12th month after surgery, the parameters of cognition returned to baseline. In the controls, cognitive function returned to baseline only by the test “visual verbal memory” (direct reproduction).Conclusion. Neuroprotection by citicoline can be regarded as a method for improvement of cognitive functioning after such harming influences as on-pump surgery, and therefore to reach higher everyday functioning abilities after coronary bypass.
Aim. To assess the condition of cerebral circulation and cognitive functions in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), underwent coronary bypass (CBG) operation under on-pump ...conditions and to evaluate the influence of citicoline on the higher brain functions at earlier and delayed periods post-surgery.Material and methods. In the Federal center of cardiosurgery (Krasnoyarsk city) 66 patients studied, with diagnosis CHD. Patients selected to 2 groups. Main group (n=36) as a medium for cerebral neuroprotection we used citicoline (Ceraxon): intravenous, 1 day before surgery, 1000 mg on 200 mL of saline, and then for 7 days after surgery, with further intake of the drug 900 mg/daily for 2 months. In comparison group (n=30) there was no neuroprotection in peri-operation period. Results. By the 12th month after surgery, cognition returned to baseline values. In controls, by 12 months after CBG, cognition returned to baseline only by the test “visual memory” of 5 words (direct remembering).Conclusion. Neuroprotection by citicoline might be a method for improvement of cognition in patients after such damaging events as on-pump operation, and therefore make it to reach higher level of daily functioning of post-CBG patients.
To evaluate the efficacy of computer-based stimulation programs in the correction of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in patients with ischemic heart disease in remote period after coronary artery ...bypass surgery.
The study involved 74 patients. All patients underwent a drug therapy and the rehabilitation course using computer-based stimulation programs (1 time per day for 20 minutes during10 days). Coronary artery bypass surgery was performed for all patients. Patients were examined before operation, after 6 and 12 months.
The significant improvement of higher cortical functions assessed with the FAB scale, the Schulte test, associated thinking test, ten-word retrieval test at the first attempt, the Clock drawing test) was revealed in the group using computer-based stimulation programs in comparison with the control group.
It is found that rehabilitation course using computer-based stimulation programs in patients with ischemic heart disease after coronary artery bypass surgery is the effective method of cognitive function correction.
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