Clinical trials in recurrent ovarian cancer Friedlander, Michael; Trimble, Edward; Tinker, Anna ...
International journal of gynecological cancer
21, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The 4th Ovarian Cancer Consensus Conference of the Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup was held in Vancouver, Canada, in June 2010. Representatives of 23 cooperative research groups studying gynecologic ...cancers gathered to establish international consensus on issues critical to the conduct of large randomized trials. Group C, 1 of the 3 discussion groups, examined recurrent ovarian cancer, and we report the consensus reached regarding 4 questions. These included the following: (1) What is the role of cytoreductive surgery for recurrent ovarian cancer? (2) How do we define distinct patient populations in need of specific therapeutic approaches? (3) Should end points for trials with recurrent disease vary from those of first-line trials? (4) Is CA-125 progression alone sufficient for entry/eligibility into clinical trials?
Music Retrieval Over Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks Karydis, I.; Nanopoulos, A.; Papadopoulos, A. ...
IEEE transactions on audio, speech, and language processing,
08/2008, Letnik:
16, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Wireless networks introduce new opportunities for music delivery. The trend of using mobile devices on wireless networks can significantly extent the recent change of paradigm in the model of music ...distribution by allowing mobile clients to search for audio music in a network of wireless mobile hosts. This paper introduces the application of content-based music information retrieval (CBMIR) in wireless ad-hoc networks. We investigate, for the first time in the literature, the challenges posed by the wireless medium and recognize the factors that require optimization. We propose novel techniques that attain a significant reduction in both response time and network traffic, compared to naive approaches. Extensive experimental results illustrate the appropriateness, effectiveness, and efficiency of the proposed method to this bandwidth-starving and volatility due to mobility and environment.
The expression of mRNA for the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, EGF and transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) was determined in 76 malignant, six borderline and 15 benign primary ...ovarian tumours using the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and related to clinical and pathological parameters. Of the malignant tumours, 70% (53/76) expressed EGF receptor mRNA, 31% (23/75) expressed EGF mRNA and 35% (26/75) expressed TGF-alpha mRNA. For the borderline tumours, four of six (67%) expressed EGF receptor mRNA, 1/6 (17%) expressed TGF-alpha mRNA and none expressed EGF mRNA. Finally, 33% (5/15) of the benign tumours expressed EGF receptor mRNA, whereas 40% (6/15) expressed EGF mRNA and 7% (1/15) expressed TGF-alpha mRNA. The presence of the EGF receptor in malignant tumours was associated with that of TGF-alpha (P = 0.0015) but not with EGF (P = 1.00), whereas there was no relationship between the presence of EGF and TGF-alpha (P = 1.00). EGF receptor mRNA expression was significantly and positively associated with serous histology (P = 0.006) but not with stage or grade. Neither EGF nor TGF-alpha showed any link with histological subtype or stage. The survival of patients with malignant tumours possessing EGF receptor mRNA was significantly reduced compared with that of patients whose tumours were negative (P = 0.030 for all malignant tumours; P = 0.007 for malignant epithelial tumours only). In contrast, neither the expression of TGF-alpha nor EGF was related to survival. These data suggest that the presence of EGF receptor mRNA is associated with poor prognosis in primary ovarian cancer.
The outcome of treatment in advanced ovarian cancer can vary considerably among patients with similar clinical and pathological findings. In this immunohistochemical study of tumors from 186 ...patients, the presence of T cells within the tumor was strongly associated with a good outcome, whereas the absence of T cells correlated with a poor outcome.
The absence of T cells correlated with a poor outcome.
Epithelial ovarian cancer, which causes more deaths than any other gynecologic cancer, accounts for approximately 14,000 deaths in the United States yearly.
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Most such cancers are diagnosed at an advanced stage; more than half of patients have remission after surgical debulking and primary chemotherapy, but overall five-year survival remains lower than 25 percent.
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Although tumor stage, residual disease after surgical debulking, and the response to chemotherapy affect the outcome of ovarian carcinoma,
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the variability in progression-free and overall survival among patients with similar clinical and pathological characteristics
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makes it difficult to predict the outcome reliably.
Ovarian carcinoma may . . .
Ectopic mammary gland tissue in the vulva is an uncommon clinical or pathologic finding. Such ectopic tissue can be the site of the same physiologic and pathologic processes found in the normal ...breast. However, the occurrence of adenocarcinoma is very rare, the first case being reported by Greene in 1935. We here report the 16th case of primary "breast-like" cancer arising in the vulva, together with a critical review of the literature, in order to highlight the dilemmas of a clinical approach to this neoplasm. Clear guidelines for diagnosis and therapy are still unavailable. The main diagnostic criteria suggested by the authors of previous reports are discussed together with our own findings. The therapeutic approach to this rare malignancy is also critically reviewed. In our opinion, when diagnosis of breast-like vulvar cancer is finally confirmed, treatment and follow-up should be the same as that would be chosen in a case of orthotopic breast neoplasm.
The involvement of immune mechanisms in tumor angiogenesis is unclear. Here we describe a new mechanism of tumor vasculogenesis mediated by dendritic cell (DC) precursors through the cooperation of ...beta-defensins and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (Vegf-A). Expression of mouse beta-defensin-29 recruited DC precursors to tumors and enhanced tumor vascularization and growth in the presence of increased Vegf-A expression. A new leukocyte population expressing DC and endothelial markers was uncovered in mouse and human ovarian carcinomas coexpressing Vegf-A and beta-defensins. Tumor-infiltrating DCs migrated to tumor vessels and independently assembled neovasculature in vivo. Bone marrow-derived DCs underwent endothelial-like differentiation ex vivo, migrated to blood vessels and promoted the growth of tumors expressing high levels of Vegf-A. We show that beta-defensins and Vegf-A cooperate to promote tumor vasculogenesis by carrying out distinct tasks: beta-defensins chemoattract DC precursors through CCR6, whereas Vegf-A primarily induces their endothelial-like specialization and migration to vessels, which is mediated by Vegf receptor-2.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The advent of Solid State Drives (SSDs) stimulated a lot of research to investigate and exploit to the extent possible the potentials of the new drive. The focus of this work is on the investigation ...of the relative performance and benefits of SSDs versus hard disk drives (HDDs) when they are used as underlying storage for Hadoop's MapReduce. In particular, we depart from all earlier relevant works in that we do not use their workloads, but examine MapReduce tasks and data suitable for performing analysis of complex networks which present different execution patterns. Despite the plethora of algorithms and implementations for complex network analysis, we carefully selected our “benchmarking methods” so that they include methods that perform both local and network-wide operations in a complex network, and also they are generic enough in the sense that they can be used as primitives for more sophisticated network processing applications. We evaluated the performance of SSDs and HDDs by executing these algorithms on real social network data and excluding the effects of network bandwidth which can severely bias the results. The obtained results confirmed in part earlier studies which showed that SSDs are beneficial to Hadoop. However, we also provided solid evidence that the processing pattern of the running application has a significant role, and thus future studies must not blindly add SSDs to Hadoop, but they should build components for assessing the type of processing pattern of the application and then direct the data to the appropriate storage medium.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy may represent an alternative to irradiation in locally advanced squamous cell cervical cancer. Aims of this study were to compare a three-drug (paclitaxel, ifosfamide, and ...cisplatin TIP) with a two-drug (ifosfamide and cisplatin IP) regimen and to assess the prognostic value of pathologic response on survival.
Patients (n = 219) were randomly assigned to ifosfamide 5 g/m(2) during 24 hours plus cisplatin 75 mg/m(2), or paclitaxel 175 mg/m(2) plus ifosfamide 5 g/m(2) during 24 hours and cisplatin 75 mg/m(2) every 3 weeks for three courses.
Grades 3 to 4 neutropenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia were more frequent with TIP. We recorded four deaths related to toxicity. The optimal pathologic response (OPT) rate (residual disease < 3 mm stromal invasion) was higher with TIP than with IP (48% v 23%; odds ratio, 3.22; 95% CI, 1.69 to 5.88; P = .0003). At a median follow-up of 43.4 months, 79 women experienced disease progression or died (46 in the IP arm, 33 in the TIP arm). Patients receiving TIP experienced a treatment failure rate 25% less than those receiving IP, but this difference was not statistically significant (hazard ratio HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.48 to 1.17; P = .20). Sixty-one patients died (37 in the IP arm, 24 in the TIP arm), and the HR of death was in favor of TIP, although not significantly (HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.39 to 1.10; P = .11). In patients assessable for response (n = 189), the average death rates were higher in the group that did not achieve OPT (HR, 5.88; 95% CI, 2.50 to 13.84; P < .0001).
The TIP regimen is associated with a higher response rate than the IP regimen, without a statistically significant effect on overall survival. OPT was a prognostic factor for survival.
Background: This multicenter phase II study evaluated feasibility, clinical efficacy, toxicity and pharmacokinetics of the combination of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) and vinorelbine (VNR) ...in patients with platinum–paclitaxel pretreated recurrent ovarian cancer. Patients and methods: All patients received prior treatment with platinum and paclitaxel. Thirty-two heavily pretreated (median number of chemotherapy regimens two, range one to six) ovarian cancer patients received treatment with PLD 30 mg/m2 and VNR 30 mg/m2 every three weeks for six cycles. Ten patients entered the pharmacokinetic study, five receiving the PLD–VNR and five the VNR–PLD sequence. Results: In 30 patients evaluated for response and toxicity, the overall response rate was 37% and 10% of patients achieved stable disease. Median time to progression and overall survival were 5.5 months (range 1–10) and 9 months (range 2–16), respectively. Toxicity was generally mild and reversible. VNR AUCtot and plasma levels were considerably higher in the PLD–VNR sequence. Conclusions: The PLD–VNR regimen exhibits significant activity in heavily pretreated patients, is well tolerated and is associated with encouraging survival. Preliminary pharmacokinetic results suggest the PLD–VNR sequence for further clinical applications. This regimen should be considered as a treatment option in patients with chemotherapy-resistant ovarian cancer.
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