Object
In this paper, the authors' aim was to use CT perfusion imaging to evaluate the early changes in tumor microcirculation following radiosurgery in rat C6 brain gliomas.
Methods
C6 glioma cells ...were inoculated into the right caudate nucleus of 25 Wistar rats using a stereotactic procedure. Tumor-bearing rats were randomly divided into 2 groups (tumor group and treatment group). Rats in the treatment group received maximal doses of 20 Gy delivered by the X-knife unit 16 days postimplantation. Computed tomography perfusion imaging was performed in all rats 3 weeks after tumor implantation prior to death and histopathological analysis.
Results
Hypocellular regions and tumor edema were increased in the treatment group compared with the tumor group. Parameters of CT perfusion imaging including cerebral blood volume (CBV) and mean transit time (MTT) of the tumors as well as the permeability surface area (PSA) product in the tumor-brain districts were decreased in the treatment group compared with the tumor group (p < 0.05). Although microvascular density (MVD) in the periphery of the tumors in the treatment group was higher than that in the normal contralateral brain (p < 0.05), MVD of the tumors in the treatment group was less than that in the tumor group (p < 0.01). There was a positive correlation between cerebral blood flow (CBF) and MVD as well as CBV and MVD in the center and periphery of tumors in both groups (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
A decrease in the perfusion volume of rat C6 brain gliomas was observed during the acute stage following X-knife treatment, and CBF and CBV were positively correlated with MVD of rat C6 brain gliomas. Thus, CT perfusion imaging can be used to evaluate the early changes in tumor microcirculation following radiosurgery.
Restoring lost function to suppressor gene products has captured the interest of the research community in the field of gene therapy.
, also known as
, is a tumor suppressor gene, and its ...deregulation may be responsible for cancer progression. The aim of this study was to investigate whether
mRNA has an anti-cancer function by regulating onco-miRNA expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells.
miRNAs targeting
were predicted by bioinformatics analysis and further confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assays and RT-qPCR. The altered expression of microRNA was validated in early-stage CRC tumor tissues by miRseq. Cell proliferation was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Cell invasion and migration were detected by transwell and wound healing assays, respectively. In vivo experiments were conducted to confirm the in vitro findings.
Among all miRNAs, reversed correlation between
expression and miRNA-183-5p expression was most significant. Luciferase assays revealed that
directly targeted miR-183-5p. The miRseq data showed that miR-183 was also dysregulated at the early stage of tumor development and upregulated in late sub-stage II CRC patients (
<0.01). Mechanistic analysis both in vitro and in vivo demonstrated that anti-miR-183-5p depressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in CRC cells while miR-183-5p overexpression resulted in opposite effects.
Our findings suggested that oncomiR-183-5p promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells.
miRNA-binding elements (MREs) suppressed miRNA-183-5p activities. Any change in expression of
thus affected miRNA-183-5p. This may be another anti-tumor mechanism in addition to protein-mediation that regulates tumor suppressor genes.
Parallel, stretched and evenly arranged mesophase pitch based graphitized carbon fibers with diameters of 50–53μm were coated with different amounts of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) resin, ...and hot-pressed to produce carbon fiber/ABS resin composites. The morphology, optical texture and crystal structure of the carbon fibers and their composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, polarized light microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The influence of the graphitization temperature and fiber content on the thermal conductivity of the composites was investigated. The thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of the composites along both fiber axial and radial directions showed an obvious difference, owing to the high orientation of the graphite crystals along the axial direction of the carbon fibers. The thermal diffusivity of the composites along the carbon fiber axial direction increased both with the graphitization temperature and fiber content. The composite with 54vol.% carbon fibers graphitized at 2900°C showed the highest thermal conductivity.
New Carbon Materials 2015, 30(1): 63–70
To investigate the efficacy of fosfomycin against extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli in Taiwan and the resistance mechanisms and characterization of human and pig ...isolates, we analyzed 145 ESBL-producing isolates collected from two hospitals (n = 123) and five farms (n = 22) in Taiwan from February to May, 2013. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined. Clonal relatedness was determined by PFGE and multi-locus sequence typing. ESBLs, ampC, and fosfomycin resistant genes were detected by PCR, and their flanking regions were determined by PCR mapping and sequencing. The fosfomycin resistant mechanisms, including modification of the antibiotic target (MurA), functionless transporters (GlpT and UhpT) and their regulating genes such as uhpA, cyaA, and ptsI, and antibiotic inactivation by enzymes (FosA and FosC), were examined. The size and replicon type of plasmids carrying fosfomycin resistant genes were analyzed. Our results revealed the susceptibility rates of fosfomycin were 94% for human ESBL-producing E. coli isolates and 77% for pig isolates. The PFGE analysis revealed 79 pulsotypes. No pulsotype was found existing in both human and pig isolates. Three pulsotypes were distributed among isolates from two hospitals. ISEcp1 carrying bla.sub.CTX-M-group 9 was the predominant transposable elements of the ESBL genes. Among the thirteen fosfomycin resistant isolates, functionless transporters were identified in 9 isolates. Three isolates contained novel amino acid substitutions (Asn67Ile, Phe151Ser and Trp164Ser, Val146Ala and His159Tyr, respectively) in MurA (the target of fosfomycin). Four isolates had fosfomycin modified enzyme (fosA3) in their plasmids. The fosA3 gene was harboured in an IncN-type plasmid (101 kbp) in the three pig isolates and an IncB/O-type plasmid (113 kbp) in the human isolate. In conclusion, we identified that 6% and 23% of the ESBL-producing E. coli from human and pigs were resistant to fosfomycin, respectively, in Taiwan. No clonal spread was found between human and pig isolates. Functionless transporters were the major cause of fosfomycin resistance, and the fosA3-transferring plasmid between isolates warrants further monitoring.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
To analyze the feasibility of regular infusion with different concentrations of dextrose and blood glucose monitor in infant from 2 to 12 months during operation.
Ninety ASA(American Society of ...Anesthesiologists) I-II infants (age 2-12 months) who undertook cleft lip and palate repair (excluding patients with congenital diabetes) were divided into three groups (30 cases per group). Group I patients were infused with normal saline, Group II with 2.5% (mass fraction) dextrose in normal saline and Group III with 5% (mass fraction) dextrose, all by a rate of 6-8 mL/ (kg x h). Once the patient was sent into the operation room, Electrocardiogram(ECG) and Pulse Oxygen SaturationSpO(2) monitor were applied regularly; and anesthesia was inducted and maintained with sevoflurane in oxygen. The infants' age, gender, weight, fasting time, operation time and duration of anesthesia were recorded and the blood glucose concentrations before infusion, 10 minutes and 30 minutes after induction as well as at the end of operati
Congenital long QT syndrome is characterized by a prolongation of ventricular repolarization and recurrent episodes of life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias, often leading to sudden death. We ...previously identified a missense mutation F275S located within the S5 transmembrane domain of the KCNQ1 ion channel in a Chinese family with long QT syndrome. We used oocyte expression of the KCNQ1 polypeptide to study the effects of the F275S mutation on channel properties. Expression of the F275 mutant, or co-expression with the wild-type S275 polypeptide, significantly decreased channel current amplitudes. Moreover, the F275S substitution decreased the rates of channel activation and deactivation. In transfected HEK293 cells fluorescence microscopy revealed that the F275S mutation perturbed the subcelluar localization of the ion channel. These results indicate that the F275S KCNQ1 mutation leads to impaired polypeptide trafficking that in turn leads to reduction of channel ion currents and altered gating kinetics.
PURPOSE:To evaluate the effect of topically administered pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) on experimentally induced corneal neovascularization (NV) in a rat model.
METHODS:Corneal chemical ...cauterization was induced in the left eye by using silver nitrate sticks in 160 anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups with 40 rats each for topical administration of recombinant PEDF, chloramphenicol, chondroitin sulfate, and normal saline (as control). At different intervals (3, 10, 15, and 30 days) of the treatment, rats were euthanized and the corneas removed for immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses to measure expression levels of PEDF, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and CD34, an endothelial maker. The right eyes were used as normal control.
RESULTS:There were high levels of PEDF expression and low levels of VEGF and CD34 in the normal cornea. VEGF and CD34 levels were significantly induced by chemical cauterization in the groups treated with chloramphenicol, chondroitin sulfate, and normal saline, demonstrating corneal NV. The VEGF and CD34 levels reached a plateau in the cornea on the 10th day after cauterization and remained at high levels thereafter. In contrast, the PEDF treatment prevented the overexpression of VEGF and CD34 induced by the cauterization.
CONCLUSIONS:PEDF downregulates VEGF expression and inhibits corneal NV induced by chemical cauterization. The results suggested that PEDF has therapeutic potential for corneal neovascular diseases.
Enteroviruses are environmental triggers in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). A sequence of six identical amino acids (PEVKEK) is shared by the 2C protein of Coxsackie virus B and ...the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) molecules. Between 1995 and 2002, we investigated 22 Coxsackie virus B5 (CVB5) isolates from southern Taiwan. Four of these isolates were obtained from four new-onset type 1 DM patients with diabetic ketoacidosis. We compared a 300 nucleotide sequence in the 2C protein gene (p2C) in 24 CVB5 isolates (4 diabetogenic, 18 non-diabetogenic and 2 prototype). We found 0.3-10% nucleotide differences. In the four isolates from type 1 DM patients, there was only 2.4-3.4% nucleotide difference, and there was only 1.7-7.1% nucleotide difference between type 1 DM isolates and non-diabetogenic isolates. Comparison of the nucleotide sequence between prototype virus and 22 CVB5 isolates revealed 18.4-24.1% difference. Twenty-one CVB5 isolates from type 1 DM and non-type 1 DM patients contained the PEVKEK sequence, as shown by the p2C nucleotide sequence. Our data showed that the viral p2C sequence with homology with GAD is highly conserved in CVB5 isolates. There was no difference between diabetogenic and non-diabetogenic CVB5 isolates. All four type 1 DM patients had at least one of the genetic susceptibility alleles HLA-DR, DQA1, DQB1. Other genetic and autoimmune factors such as HLA genetic susceptibility and GAD may also play important roles in the pathogenesis in type 1 DM.
To compare the analgesic efficiency and adverse effects of postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with lornoxicam and sufentanil in patients undergoing oral maxillofacial ...surgery.
200 ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) I-II patients who undertook oral maxillofacial operation were divided into two groups: lornoxicam group (group L) and sufentanil group (group S), with 100 patients in each group. The effectiveness was assessed with visual analogue scale (VAS), Prince-Henry score (PHS) and Ramsay sedation Score (RSS) at different time points: 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h after the beginning of analgesia. The analgesic efficacy of analgesia and the adverse effects during analgesia period were observed.
Statistical analysis revealed no significant difference in VAS, PHS and RSS at 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 h and the overall satisfaction on analgesia therapy. The percentage of nausea, vomiting and dizziness was significantly lower in group L than that in group S (1% vs 9%, 0 vs 4%, 0 vs 3%, P<0.05).
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