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•Honokiol attenuates nociceptive pain induced in 3rd degree burn in mice.•TRPV1 and P2Y nociceptors were down-regulated in burn-induced animal model.•Honokiol inhibited mRNA ...expression levels of pro inflammatory cytokines.
Burn pain is one of the worst imaginable pain, associated with considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. The management of pain made significant progress; however, more research is needed for burn pain. In the present study, the antinociceptive effect of honokiol extracted from Magnolia officinalis was assessed for 3 consecutive days. The third-degree burns were induced by the hot water method. The honokiol both by intraperitoneal (i.p) and intra plantar (i.pl) route and in combination with tramadol (i.p) was found to be effective in significantly reducing the mechanical allodynia, hyperalgesia, thermal hyperalgesia and paw edema. Honokiol also succeeded in reducing weight loss and spontaneous pain behavior in mice. Honokiol treatment both i.p and ipl decrease significantly the loss of total protein (3.3 and 3.4 g/dl of total protein) and albumin (2.2 and 2.6 g/dl of total albumin) respectively. It also significantly recovers the normal balance of blood electrolytes and normalizes blood profile. Effect of honokiol on cytokines and mRNA expression levels of TRPV1 and P2Y were also assessed. Honokiol significantly decreases the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and decreases expression level of TRPV1 and P2Y. Additionally, TRPV1 and P2Y proteins expression levels were also assessed by Western blot in paw skin tissue, sciatic nerve and spinal cord which were remarkably down-regulated by honokiol. Histological analysis of vehicle control and drug-treated paws were also performed through hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining which exhibited that honokiol significantly reduced the dermal layers distortion and inflammation associated with the burn. The antioxidant enzymes and nitric oxide (NO) were also determined through ELISA. Honokiol treatment also potentiates the expression of reduced glutathione and glutathione S-transferase, and catalase levels and reduced significantly the nitric oxide (NO) as compared to the burn-induced group. It can be concluded on the base of the results that honokiol has a significant analgesic activity through its action on cytokines and by downregulating TRPV1 and P2Y receptors. It also has a protective role against burn damage by upregulation of antioxidants.
This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of identifying the true aortic valve (AV) annulus using 2-dimensional (2D) echocardiography, with the goal of highlighting potential misidentification issues ...in clinical practice.
An observational study employing 3-dimensional (3D) datasets to generate 2D images of the AV annulus for analysis.
The study was conducted in an academic medical center.
Three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography datasets were obtained from 11 patients with normal AV and aortic root anatomies undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. Attending anesthesiologists certified by the National Board of Echocardiography (NBE) were approached subsequently to participate in this study.
Two images per patient were generated from 3D datasets, reflecting the mid-esophageal long-axis view of the AV, a true AV annulus image, and an off-axis image. A survey was distributed to NBE-certified perioperative echocardiographers across 12 academic institutions to identify the true AV annulus from these images.
The survey, completed by 45 qualified respondents, revealed a significant misidentification rate of the true AV annulus, with only 36.8% of responses correctly identifying it. The rate of correct identification varied across image sets, with 44.4% of participants unable to correctly identify any true AV annulus image.
The study highlighted the limitations of 2D echocardiography in accurately identifying the true AV annulus in complex 3D structures like the aortic root. The findings suggest a need for greater reliance on advanced imaging modalities, such as 3D echocardiography, to improve accuracy in clinical practice.
Living organisms including fishes, microbes, and animals can live in extremely cold weather. To stay alive in cold environments, these species generate antifreeze proteins (AFPs), also referred to as ...ice-binding proteins. Moreover, AFPs are extensively utilized in many important fields including medical, agricultural, industrial, and biotechnological. Several predictors were constructed to identify AFPs. However, due to the sequence and structural heterogeneity of AFPs, correct identification is still a challenging task. It is highly desirable to develop a more promising predictor. In this research, a novel computational method, named AFP-LXGB has been proposed for prediction of AFPs more precisely. The information is explored by Dipeptide Composition (DPC), Grouped Amino Acid Composition (GAAC), Position Specific Scoring Matrix-Segmentation-Autocorrelation Transformation (Sg-PSSM-ACT), and Pseudo Position Specific Scoring Matrix Tri-Slicing (PseTS-PSSM). Keeping the benefits of ensemble learning, these feature sets are concatenated into different combinations. The best feature set is selected by Extremely Randomized Tree-Recursive Feature Elimination (ERT-RFE). The models are trained by Light eXtreme Gradient Boosting (LXGB), Random Forest (RF), and Extremely Randomized Tree (ERT). Among classifiers, LXGB has obtained the best prediction results. The novel method (AFP-LXGB) improved the accuracies by 3.70% and 4.09% than the best methods. These results verified that AFP-LXGB can predict AFPs more accurately and can participate in a significant role in medical, agricultural, industrial, and biotechnological fields.
The incorporation of 3D imaging into diagnostic and interventional echocardiography has rapidly expanded in recent years. Applications such as multiplanar reconstruction that were once considered ...research tools and required off-cart analysis can now readily be performed at the point of image acquisition and in real-time during live image acquisition for procedural guidance. While the application and quality of 3D images have significantly improved in recent years, there remains a noticeable lag in the evolution of artificial intelligence that would further simplify the interpretative processes, both during live sessions and offline analyses. Users are still required to mentally reconstruct sliced images during multiplanar reconstruction based on color-coded planes. While this may be an effortless task for the seasoned echocardiographer, it can be a challenging task for echocardiographers who are less familiar with 3D imaging and multiplanar reconstruction. This article describes the utility of using 3D markers to aid in image interpretation.
In recent years, the global Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) industry has evolved at a tremendous speed. Security and privacy are key concerns on the IoMT, owing to the huge scale and deployment of ...IoMT networks. Machine learning (ML) and blockchain (BC) technologies have significantly enhanced the capabilities and facilities of healthcare 5.0, spawning a new area known as “Smart Healthcare.” By identifying concerns early, a smart healthcare system can help avoid long-term damage. This will enhance the quality of life for patients while reducing their stress and healthcare costs. The IoMT enables a range of functionalities in the field of information technology, one of which is smart and interactive health care. However, combining medical data into a single storage location to train a powerful machine learning model raises concerns about privacy, ownership, and compliance with greater concentration. Federated learning (FL) overcomes the preceding difficulties by utilizing a centralized aggregate server to disseminate a global learning model. Simultaneously, the local participant keeps control of patient information, assuring data confidentiality and security. This article conducts a comprehensive analysis of the findings on blockchain technology entangled with federated learning in healthcare. 5.0. The purpose of this study is to construct a secure health monitoring system in healthcare 5.0 by utilizing a blockchain technology and Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to detect any malicious activity in a healthcare network and enables physicians to monitor patients through medical sensors and take necessary measures periodically by predicting diseases. The proposed system demonstrates that the approach is optimized effectively for healthcare monitoring. In contrast, the proposed healthcare 5.0 system entangled with FL Approach achieves 93.22% accuracy for disease prediction, and the proposed RTS-DELM-based secure healthcare 5.0 system achieves 96.18% accuracy for the estimation of intrusion detection.
•Proposed model enhance the capability of the healthcare 5.0 system by sharing a global model.•Implement the federated learning approach in healthcare 5.0 to improve the learning process of clinical data.•To provide an intelligent hybrid approach to enhance secure communication and effective healthcare monitoring.•Propose FL-based framework develops an effective collaborative architecture using many IoMT devices & manage Training.
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare, slowly growing submucosal tumors in the gastrointestinal tract. Due to its indolent nature, GIST can go undetected for a long period of time. ...Symptomatic patients will typically develop abdominal pain, abdominal fullness, nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. However, most commonly and recognizable, patients will have blood in their stool due to rapid bleeding from the tumor. We report a case of a late diagnosis of GIST in the ileum with a favorable outcome.
In this article, we investigate the nonlinear model describing the various physical and chemical phenomena named the Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation. We implemented the natural decomposition method, a ...novel technique, mixed with the Caputo–Fabrizio (CF) and Atangana–Baleanu deriavatives in Caputo manner (ABC) fractional derivatives for obtaining the approximate analytical solution of the fractional Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation (FKS). The proposed method gives a series form solution which converges quickly towards the exact solution. To show the accuracy of the proposed method, we examine three different cases. We presented proposed method results by means of graphs and tables to ensure proposed method validity. Further, the behavior of the achieved results for the fractional order is also presented. The results we obtain by implementing the proposed method shows that our technique is extremely efficient and simple to investigate the behaviour of nonlinear models found in science and technology.
Bureaucracy and Development Besley, Timothy; Burgess, Robin; Khan, Adnan ...
Annual review of economics,
01/2022, Letnik:
14, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
In recent years, there has been increasing interest in whether and how bureaucratic effectiveness contributes to development. Just what makes for an effective bureaucracy and what are the building ...blocks of state capacity remain subject to debate. This article reviews the arguments connecting contemporary research using administrative data and field experiments to wider discussions of the origins of state capacity. Most current research has focused on understanding specific features of the environment in which bureaucrats operate. We connect this to discussions of bureaucratic systems, specifically the relationship to politics, citizens, firms, and nongovernmental organizations.
The present study aims to determine the neuroprotective effect of Bergenin against spatial memory deficit associated with neurodegeneration. Preliminarily, the protective effect of Bergenin was ...observed against H
O
-induced oxidative stress in HT-22 and PC-12 cells. Further studies were performed in 5xFAD Tg mouse model by administering Bergenin (1, 30 and 60 mg/kg; orally), whereas Bergenin (60 mg/kg) significantly attenuated the memory deficit observed in the Y-maze and Morris water maze (MWM) test. Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy displayed restoration of lipids, proteins and their derivatives compared to the 5xFAD Tg mice group. The differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) suggested an absence of amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregation in Bergenin-treated mice. The immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis suggested the neuroprotective effect of Bergenin by increasing Reelin signaling (Reelin/Dab-1) and attenuated Aβ (1-42) aggregation in hippocampal regions of mouse brains. Furthermore, IHC and western blot results suggested antioxidant (Keap-1/Nrf-2/HO-1), anti-inflammatory (TLR-4/NF-kB) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2/Bax/Caspase-3) effect of Bergenin. Moreover, a decrease in Annexin V/PI-stained hippocampal cells suggested its effect against neurodegeneration. The histopathological changes were reversed significantly by Bergenin. In addition, a remarkable increase in antioxidant level with suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress and nitric oxide production were observed in specific regions of the mouse brains.
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