Abstract
Growing evidence from multiwavelength observations of extragalactic supernovae (SNe) has established the presence of dense circumstellar material in Type II SNe. Interaction between the SN ...ejecta and the circumstellar material should lead to diffusive shock acceleration of cosmic rays and associated high-energy emission. Observation of high-energy neutrinos along with the MeV neutrinos from SNe will provide unprecedented opportunities to understand unanswered questions in cosmic-ray and neutrino physics. We show that current and future neutrino detectors can identify high-energy neutrinos from an extragalactic SN in the neighborhood of the Milky Way. We present the prospects for detecting high-energy neutrino minibursts from SNe in known local galaxies, and demonstrate how the network of multiple high-energy neutrino detectors will extend the horizon for the identification of high-energy SN neutrinos. We also discuss high-energy neutrino emission from SN 2023ixf.
Abstract
Particles may be accelerated in magnetized coronae via magnetic reconnections and/or plasma turbulence, leading to high-energy neutrinos and soft
γ
-rays. We evaluate the detectability of ...neutrinos from nearby bright Seyfert galaxies identified by X-ray measurements. In the disk-corona model, we find that NGC 1068 is the most promising Seyfert galaxy in the Northern sky, where IceCube is the most sensitive, and show prospects for the identification of aggregated neutrino signals from Seyfert galaxies bright in X-rays. Moreover, we demonstrate that nearby Seyfert galaxies are promising targets for the next generation of neutrino telescopes such as KM3NeT and IceCube-Gen2. For KM3NeT, Cen A can be the most promising source in the Southern sky if a significant fraction of the observed X-rays come from the corona, and it could be identified in few years of KM3NeT operation. Our results reinforce the idea that hidden cores of supermassive black holes are the dominant sources of the high-energy neutrino emission and underlines the necessity of better sensitivity to medium-energy ranges in future neutrino detectors for identifying the origin of high-energy cosmic neutrinos.
Neutrinos from the Brightest Gamma-Ray Burst? Murase, Kohta; Mukhopadhyay, Mainak; Kheirandish, Ali ...
Astrophysical journal. Letters,
12/2022, Letnik:
941, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Abstract
We discuss implications that can be obtained by searches for neutrinos from the brightest gamma-ray burst (GRB), GRB 221009A. We derive constraints on GRB model parameters such as the ...cosmic-ray loading factor and dissipation radius, taking into account both neutrino spectra and effective areas. The results are strong enough to constrain proton acceleration near the photosphere, and we find that the single burst limits are comparable to those from stacking analysis. Quasi-thermal neutrinos from subphotospheres and ultra-high-energy neutrinos from external shocks are not yet constrained. We show that GeV–TeV neutrinos originating from neutron collisions are detectable, and urge dedicated analysis on these neutrinos with DeepCore and IceCube as well as ORCA and KM3NeT.
A multimessenger campaign has associated a high-energy cosmic neutrino with a distant gamma-ray blazar, TXS 0506+056. IceCube archival data subsequently revealed that the high-energy neutrino flux ...from the direction of this source, integrated over the last 10 yr, is dominated by a single bright neutrino flare in 2014, leaving the multimessenger flare as a subluminous second flare. The extraordinary brightness of the blazar despite its distance suggests that it may belong to a special class of sources that produce cosmic rays. We show that the diffuse IceCube flux discovered in 2013 can be accommodated by a subclass of blazars, on the order of 5%, that episodically produce neutrinos with the luminosity of the 2014 neutrino flare. Matching the cosmic-ray flux required to produce the neutrinos to the one observed implies highly efficient neutrino sources with large target photon densities that are not transparent to high-energy gamma-rays. The opacity of the source modifies the straightforward multimessenger connection in a way that is consistent with the gamma-ray observations coincident with the 2014 neutrino flare.
Abstract
Thermal MeV neutrino emission from core-collapse supernovae offers a unique opportunity to
probe physics beyond the Standard Model in the neutrino sector. The next generation of neutrino
...experiments, such as DUNE and Hyper-Kamiokande, can detect (10
3
) and
(10
4
) neutrinos in the event of a Galactic supernova, respectively. As supernova
neutrinos propagate to Earth, they may interact with the local dark matter via hidden mediators
and may be delayed with respect to the initial neutrino signal. We show that for sub-MeV dark
matter, the presence of dark matter-neutrino interactions may lead to neutrino echoes with
significant time delays. The absence or presence of this feature in the light curve of MeV
neutrinos from a supernova allows us to probe parameter space that has not been explored by dark
matter direct detection experiments.
Tau neutrinos are unique cosmic messengers, especially at extreme energies. When they undergo a charged-current interaction, the short lifetime of the produced tau gives rise to secondary tau ...neutrinos that carry a significant fraction of the primary neutrino energy. Here we apply this effect, known as tau neutrino regeneration, to extremely high energy neutrinos passing through Earth. We find that for most column depths, with the exception of propagation through the core, Earth-traversing tau neutrinos emerge at (PeV) energies. We use these secondaries to estimate the expected signal from cosmogenic fluxes at IceCube and find a non-negligible contribution to the astrophysical component above 1 PeV . We also constrain the anomalous ANITA observations via the accompanying secondaries expected at IceCube. We calculate that ANITA should see fewer than 10−7 events in the reported direction, regardless of assumed source energy spectrum, ruling out the possibility that these events are astrophysical in origin under Standard Model assumptions.
After updating the status of the measurements of the cosmic neutrino flux by the IceCube experiment, we summarize the evidence for the first identified source of cosmic rays and speculate on the ...connection between the two observations.
Today, gabapentinoids such as Gabapentin (GBP) and pregabalin (PGB) are widely used as painkillers. This may alter the function of the nervous system; hence their results may include a difference in ...memory and processes that end in memory formation. This study aims to conclude whether gabapentinoids can alter memory or not by reviewing and analyzing clinical and preclinical studies.
A comprehensive search was carried out in databases including PUBMED, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Web of Science. In the included studies, memory was measured as an outcome variable in clinical or preclinical studies.
A total of 21 articles (4 clinical, 17 preclinical) were included in the meta-analysis by STATA Software. The results showed that memory changes under the influence of GBP. Both the administrated dosage and the time of administration are important in the final results and latency time of retention. GBP administration in healthy animals increased latency time, whereas if the administration of GBP took place exactly before training, the latency time increased slightly. Short-term administration of PGB in healthy volunteers is accompanied by transient side effects on the CNS. However, the number and homogeneity of the studies were not such that a meta-analysis could be performed on them.
Clinical and preclinical studies showed that PGB administration did not confirm its improving memory effect. GBP administration in healthy animals increased latency time and improved memory. Although it depended on the time of administration.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
High-energy neutrinos present the ultimate signature for a cosmic ray accelerator. Galactic sources responsible for acceleration of cosmic ray up to the knee in cosmic ray spectrum will provide a ...guaranteed, albeit subdominant, contribution to the high-energy cosmic neutrino flux. In this review, we discuss the the prospects for identification of high-energy neutrinos from sources of the very high energy gamma ray emission in the Milky Way. We present the status of the search for point-like and extended emission from these sources, and describe how the results of these studies indicate that neutrino telescopes are closing in on identifying Galactic sources of high-energy neutrinos.
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