This paper briefly reviews modern approaches and methods for generating digital elevation models. The focus is on photogrammetric model generation methods: photogrammetry itself relies on a series of ...overlapping photographic images. In our study, a camera was mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). We describe the major steps in generating digital elevation models, gear requirements, image capture details, and software used. Lastly, we show how we created a local digital elevation model of part of an island near the northern shore of Lake Ladoga.
This article is the second in a series devoted to the modification of the Map of Expected Earthquakes (MEE) method of medium-term earthquake forecasting. The description of algorithms for preparing ...and analyzing initial data and the results of their application are presented. In particular, the following additional functional capabilities have been achieved: (1) the creation of various computational grids for further spatial and temporal scanning of the earthquake catalog within the analyzed seismic active region, (2) the declustering of earthquake catalogs and evaluation of representative values of energy classes (magnitudes) in space and time, and (3) the evaluation of time interval length for calculating the background parameters of prognostic features. The overall result of successful scientific and technical work will be the creation of an upgraded method for medium-term earthquake prediction taking into account the spatial distribution of earthquake sources, the integrated use of physically based earthquake precursors, the results of seismic zoning in the form of a lineament–domain–focal (LDF) model, and other related areas of research.
This paper continues a series of publications on the modification of the Map of Expected Earthquakes (MEE), a method of medium-term earthquake forecasting. It is devoted to the calculation and ...analysis of retrospective statistical characteristics of dynamic and quasi-stationary prognostic indicators in the Kamchatka region used at this stage in the modernized MEE method. In our calculations we used the regional catalog of earthquakes in Kamchatka over the period from 1962 to 2020. The object of the forecast were earthquakes with
K
forecast
≥ 13.5. The slope of the recurrence frequency graph γ with an efficiency value of
J
t
= 10.7 and
J
S
= 11.3 appeared as one of the most effective precursors for the Kamchatka region, both in time and area. The next most effective (in terms of time) precursor was the number of earthquakes
N
eq
in quiescence form with
J
t
= 5.8. In terms of area, the most effective precursor is the released seismic energy
E
2/3
, also in quiescence form with
J
S
= 14.7. The value of unconditional probability
P
(
D
1
) of the occurrence of a strong earthquake was calculated based on a set of dynamic indicators, which turned out to be equal to 0.09. A map of the stationary conditional probability of a strong earthquake has been constructed that takes into account the stationary prognostic indicator “presence of faults in a cell” with values of 0.01 (in the cells where there are no faults) and 0.13 (in the cells where there are). As part of the next stage of work, it is planned to continue expanding the functionality of the algorithm for the medium-term forecast of the MEE. The ultimate goal of modernization is the development of a digital problem-oriented system for medium-term earthquake forecasting using a set of prognostic indicators.
This paper is the first in a series of studies generalizing the Map of Expected Earthquakes (MEE) medium-term earthquake forecast method and analyzing the prospects for its further improvement. Over ...the past 35 years, the MEE method has been used in seismically active regions around the world with different tectonic conditions and seismic regimes. The average prognostic efficiency of the algorithm was shown to be 2.5 times higher than for random guessing. The MEE can be further improved and upgraded. The new methods of data processing to be implemented into the upgraded MEE will significantly increase the amount of analyzed data, take into account the specific signs of the seismic process at different depths, use lineament–domain–focal (LDF) models of the structure of seismically active zones as stationary prognostic criteria, and build three-dimensional distributions of the probability of strong earthquakes. The improvement will involve an expansion of the list of used seismological precursors that have a physically justified link with the earthquake preparation process and the development of formalized techniques for identifying these precursors in the prognostic practice.
The article presents the following: the results of deformation monitoring by GNSS tools at the FSUE Radon radioactive waste disposal site (Moscow oblast); a brief history of the development of the ...geodynamic observation network at the industrial site of Radon. the results and geodynamic interpretation of GNSS observations of Earth surface movements for 2008–2017. the results of studies on upgrading Radon’s geodynamic structure, taking into account the creation of a single digital space for the industrial site to manage its lifecycle. The article summarizes the experience in creating life cycle monitoring systems at radioactive waste disposal sites using modern digital measurement methods.
A residual tilt after a teleseismic earthquake is described in this work. The results of static and dynamic modeling of this event fit the measured values. The conditions that make observations of ...residual deformations of teleseismic events possible and the prospects for using the tiltmeter network for monitoring seismically active regions are discussed.
An overview of applications of geomagnetic data for practical purposes is presented. Many of them involve models of the Earth’s main magnetic field and spatial distribution of anomalous magnetization ...of the upper lithosphere as input parameters. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can significantly improve the efficiency of detecting magnetic anomalies.
The object of research is the methods for monitoring and forecasting strong space weather disturbances affecting the radiation environment and radio communication during air travels. The monitoring ...techniques used by the existing space weather centers are analyzed: the U.S. Center, the PECASUS consortium (Great Britain, Finland, Germany, Poland, Austria, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, Cyprus, and South Africa), the AJCF consortium (Australia, Japan, Canada, France), and the Russian-Chinese space weather consortium.
UAV Prototype for Geophysical Studies Aleshin, I. M.; Ivanov, S. D.; Koryagin, V. N. ...
Seismic instruments,
09/2020, Letnik:
56, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have become an important part of modern fieldwork. Constant innovations, expansion of the functionality of UAVs, and the reduction of their costs are creating new ...opportunities for drones to be used in geophysical research. The conditions prevalent in difficult terrain are no longer insurmountable. UAVs allow magnetic surveys to be carried out faster than portable magnetometers carried on foot and they also use much fewer resources than manned aviation. There is a need for UAVs designed to perform such tasks. The prototype created includes the equipment needed for programming and operating the vehicle for conducting geophysical research and storing the data obtained. It is tested under different conditions in order to define the optimal technical parameters of the UAV. Detailed technical descriptions of the prototype, the different stages of the experiment conducted, and operation procedures for controlling the prototype are described.
The structure of the space weather center to support international air navigation established according to the ICAO resolution is considered. The brief review of space weather events, effects, and ...related risks is presented. The regulator requirements for space weather centers and their operation features are described.
