An aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, endospore-forming bacterial strain, designated BB3-R1
, was isolated from cow faeces sampled in Daejeon, Republic of Korea. Growth was observed at 25-45 ...°C (optimum, 35-40 °C) and pH 7.0-9.0 (optimum, pH 8.0), with up to 3 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0 % NaCl). blast analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed the highest sequence similarity of strain BB3-R1
to
NRRL NRS-818
(98.8 %) followed by
JCM 15085
(97.5 %). According to 16S rRNA gene and whole-genome based phylogenetic trees, strain BB3-R1
clustered with
FJAT-54423
and
NRRL NRS-818
. OrthoANI and dDDH values of strain BB3-R1
with the closely related strains were lower than 77.5 and 26.8 %, respectively. The major menaquinones and polar lipids of the strain were MK-7 and phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine, respectively. The major fatty acids (>10 %) were C
iso, C
iso, C
anteiso and C
7
alcohol. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained cross-linked
-diaminopimelic acid (type A1 gamma). The phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data obtained in this study showed that the strain represents a novel species of the genus
, for which the name
sp. nov. (type strain BB3-R1
=KACC 22663
=NBRC 115962
) is proposed.
This paper proposes an algorithm that improves ship detection accuracy using preprocessing and post-processing. To achieve this, high-resolution electro-optical satellite images with a wide range of ...shape and texture information were considered. The developed algorithms display the problem of unreliable detection of ships owing to clouds, large waves, weather influences, and shadows from large terrains. False detections in land areas with image information similar to that of ships are observed frequently. Therefore, this study involves three algorithms: global feature enhancement pre-processing (GFEP), multiclass ship detector (MSD), and false detected ship exclusion by sea land segmentation image (FDSESI). First, GFEP enhances the image contrast of high-resolution electro-optical satellite images. Second, the MSD extracts many primary ship candidates. Third, falsely detected ships in the land region are excluded using the mask image that divides the sea and land. A series of experiments was performed using the proposed method on a database of 1984 images. The database includes five ship classes. Therefore, a method focused on improving the accuracy of various ships is proposed. The results show a mean average precision (mAP) improvement from 50.55% to 63.39% compared with other deep learning-based detection algorithms.
Strain BSF-3M
is a Gram-stain-positive, non-flagellated, facultative anaerobic and rod-shaped bacterium that was isolated from fermented feed collected at a cattle farm in the Daejeon region of the ...Republic of Korea. It was studied using polyphasic taxonomic methods. Using 16S rRNA gene sequences and the resulting phylogenetic tree, the strain was primarily identified as a member of the genus
. Strain BSF-3M
contained a chromosome of 2.5 Mbp and a plasmid of 33.4 kbp. The G+C content of genomic DNA was 51.3 mol%. Strain BSF-3M
had the highest ortho-average nucleotide identity value of 73.7 % with
7-19
, its closest relative in the phylogenetic tree based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences and the phylogenomic tree based on up-to-date bacterial core genes. Based on the results of a polyphasic taxonomic study, strain BSF-3M
represents a novel species in the genus
, for which the name
sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BSF-3M
(=KACC 23028
=NBRC 116014
).
Five
Hymenobacter
strains isolated from air samples collected from the Suwon and Jeju regions of the Republic of Korea were studied using polyphasic taxonomic methods. Using 16S rRNA gene sequences ...and the resulting phylogenetic tree, the strains were primarily identified as members of the genus
Hymenobacter
. Digital DNA–DNA hybridization values and average nucleotide identities values for species delineation (70 and 95–96 %, respectively) between the five strains and their nearest type strains indicated that each strain represented a novel species. All strains were aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, mesophilic, rod-shaped and catalase- and oxidase-positive, with red to pink coloured colonies. The genome sizes of the five strains varied from 4.8 to 7.1 Mb and their G+C contents were between 54.1 and 59.4 mol%. Based on their phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic characteristics, we propose to classify these isolates into five novel species within the genus
Hymenobacter
for which we propose the names,
Hymenobacter cellulosilyticus
sp. nov.,
Hymenobacter cellulosivorans
sp. nov.,
Hymenobacter aerilatus
sp. nov.,
Hymenobacter sublimis
sp. nov. and
Hymenobacter volaticus
sp. nov., with strains 5116 S-3
T
(=KACC 21925
T
=JCM 35216
T
), 5116 S-27
T
(=KACC 21926
T
=JCM 35217
T
), 5413 J-13
T
(=KACC 21928
T
=JCM 35219
T
), 5516 S-25
T
(=KACC 21931
T
=JCM 35222
T
) and 5420 S-77
T
(=KACC 21932
T
=JCM 35223
T
) as the type strains, respectively.
A common countermeasure to detect threatening drones is the electro-optical infrared (EO/IR) system. However, its performance is drastically reduced in conditions of complex background, saturation ...and light reflection. 3D laser sensor LiDAR is used to overcome the problems of 2D sensors like EO/IR, but it is not enough to detect small drones at a very long distance because of low laser energy and resolution. To solve this problem, A 3D LADAR sensor is under development. In this work, we study the detection methodology adequate to the LADAR sensor which can detect small drones at up to 2 km. First, a data augmentation method is proposed to generate a virtual target considering the laser beam and scanning characteristics, and to augment it with the actual LADAR sensor data for various kinds of tests before full hardware system developed. Second, a detection algorithm is proposed to detect drones using voxel-based background subtraction and variable radially bounded nearest neighbor (V-RBNN) method. The results show that 0.2 m L2 distance and 60% expected average overlap (EAO) indexes are satisfied for the required specification to detect 0.3 m size of small drones.
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are equipped with optical systems including an infrared (IR) camera such as electro-optical IR (EO/IR), target acquisition and designation sights (TADS), or forward ...looking IR (FLIR). However, images obtained from IR cameras are subject to noise such as dead pixels, lines, and fixed pattern noise. Nonuniformity correction (NUC) is a widely employed method to reduce noise in IR images, but it has limitations in removing noise that occurs during operation. Methods have been proposed to overcome the limitations of the NUC method, such as two-point correction (TPC) and scene-based NUC (SBNUC). However, these methods still suffer from unfixed pattern noise. In this paper, a background registration-based adaptive noise filtering (BRANF) method is proposed to overcome the limitations of conventional methods. The proposed BRANF method utilizes background registration processing and robust principle component analysis (RPCA). In addition, image quality verification methods are proposed that can measure the noise filtering performance quantitatively without ground truth images. Experiments were performed for performance verification with middle wave infrared (MWIR) and long wave infrared (LWIR) images obtained from practical military optical systems. As a result, it is found that the image quality improvement rate of BRANF is 30% higher than that of conventional NUC.
Two Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, mesophilic, rod-shaped bacteria, ADR-1
T
and SC2-2
T
, were isolated from Andong sikhye and dust in a pigpen, respectively. The phylogenetic tree on the basis of 16S ...rRNA gene sequences showed that strains ADR-1
T
and SC2-2
T
were members of the genus
Chryseobacterium
and revealed the highest sequence similarities to
Chryseobacterium binzhouense
LM2
T
(97.6 %) and
Chryseobacterium koreense
Chj707
T
(94.9 %), respectively. Phylogenomic treeing using 92 core genes clearly indicated that strain ADR-1
T
clustered with
Chryseobacterium echinoideorum
CC-CZW010
T
,
Chryseobacterium binzhouense
LM2
T
and
Chryseobacterium taihuense
CGMCC 1.10941
T
, and strain SC2-2
T
formed a compact cluster with
Chryseobacterium koreense
CCUG 49689
T
. The digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) and orthologous average nucleotide identity (ANI) values of strain ADR-1
T
with the closely related species of the genus
Chryseobacterium
were ≤24.4 % and ≤80.7 %, and those of strain SC2-2
T
were ≤24.0 % and ≤77.8 %, respectively, which are well below the cut-off values of species discrimination (>70 % dDDH and >95–96 % ANI). The only respiratory quinone in both strains was menaquinone 6. The polar lipid profile of strain ADR-1
T
comprised phosphatidylethanolamine, four unidentified aminolipids and three unidentified lipids, while strain SC2-2
T
contained phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified aminolipids, one unidentified aminophospholipid and five unidentified polar lipids. The major fatty acids (>10 %) of strain ADR-1
T
were iso-C
15 : 0
, summed feature 9 (iso-C
17 : 1
ω
9c and/or C
16 : 0
10-methyl), iso-C
17 : 0
3-OH and summed feature 3 (C
16 : 1
ω
7
c
and/or C
16 : 1
ω
6
c
), and those of strain SC2-2
T
were iso-C
15 : 0
and anteiso-C
15 : 0
. On the basis of the results of phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses, strains ADR-1
T
and SC2-2
T
represent two distinct novel species in the genus
Chryseobacterium
, for which the names
Chryseobacterium oryzae
sp. nov. (type strain ADR-1
T
=KACC 19311
T
=NBRC 113104
T
) and
Chryseobacterium suipulveris
sp. nov. (type strain SC2-2
T
=KACC 19313
T
=NBRC 113106
T
) are proposed.
Automatic segmentation of intracellular compartments is a powerful technique, which provides quantitative data about presence, spatial distribution, structure and consequently the function of cells. ...With the recent development of high throughput volumetric data acquisition techniques in electron microscopy (EM), manual segmentation is becoming a major bottleneck of the process. To aid the cell research, we propose a technique for automatic segmentation of mitochondria and endolysosomes obtained from urinary bladder urothelial cells by the dual beam EM technique. We present a novel publicly available volumetric EM dataset – the first of urothelial cells, evaluate several state-of-the-art segmentation methods on the new dataset and present a novel segmentation pipeline, which is based on supervised deep learning and includes mechanisms that reduce the impact of dependencies in the input data, artefacts and annotation errors. We show that our approach outperforms the compared methods on the proposed dataset.
•A novel public volumetric data-set of cellular ultra-structure in electron microscopy volumes.•A new state-of-the-art pipeline for segmentation of mitochondria and endo-lysosomes.•Contrast enhancement with transfer learning improves segmentation of unbalanced EM data.
This paper proposes an automatic cast product surface defect detection system based on deep learning artificial intelligence technology. Application of deep learning is difficult because of the ...uneven surface and small defects of the cast product which are easily affected by the lighting position and angle. Therefore, three channel fusion data from an optical system that simultaneously acquires a 2D surface image and 3D shape information of the target object were obtained and used for deep learning. The mean average precision (mAP) of the proposed defect detection model using the three-channel fusion data is about 77%. And this result is greater than the 60% mAP of a defect detection model that uses single-channel data. For further optimization, we investigate a deep learning model that employs a deep learning network with multiple models, where each model trains and detects only a single type of defect. The experimental results demonstrate that the mAP of the model was improved to 88%.
To enhance the light out coupling and stabilize the angular spectrum of white organic light emitting diodes (WOLEDs), we formed a randomly distributed corrugation directly on the external glass ...surface. Using a metallic master, which was prepared using laser ablation, we have imprinted the corrugation pattern directly on the glass surface. Our method yields 32% increase in the external quantum efficiency, widened luminance distribution and low angular spectra variation. Considering WOLED as a lighting source, this feature is particularly appealing. Besides the implications of the spectrally stable efficient WOLEDs through random corrugation, our work suggests a new structural approach for various light applications in which efficiency and spectral stability matter.
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