To evaluate the diagnostic performance of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT (PET/CT) for determining the presence of pleural metastasis in patients with indeterminate findings on a ...contrast-enhanced chest CT (CECT) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
This is a retrospective study. NSCLC patients (n = 63) who underwent thoracentesis and/or pleural biopsy were enrolled. CECT and PET/CT reports of pleural metastasis were analyzed based on comparison with cytological or histological confirmation. Negative cytologic results were re-confirmed with follow-up study prior to cancer-related therapy. CECT results were classified into 3 categories: negative, indeterminate, and positive for pleural metastasis. PET/CT results were classified into 2 categories (negative and positive for pleural metastasis) based on FDG uptake visual grading. The level of max SUV of pleura was also analyzed. ROC analysis was done for establishing the max SUV cut-off value.
PET/CT could differentiate pleural metastasis with 70.8% diagnostic accuracy when the CECT finding was indeterminate (n = 24). Optimal cut-off value to predict pleural metastasis was 2.8 for max SUV. Diagnosis by max SUV 2.8 had lower sensitivity (86.3 vs. 92.2%), but higher specificity (66.7 vs. 58.3%) than PET/CT by FDG visual grading criteria.
PET/CT showed better diagnostic performance than CECT for detecting pleural metastasis in NSCLC patients. When the finding of CECT is controversial, PET/CT can differentiate the metastatic pleural lesion. Both FDG uptake visual grading and max SUG cut-off value can be used as diagnostic criteria for pleural metastasis.
해가림자재 종류별 고려인삼의 생육과 품질특성 비교 성봉재(Bong-Jae Seong); 이가순(Ka-Soon Lee); 한승호(Seong-Ho Han) ...
Korean journal of crop science,
12/2014, Letnik:
59, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
고품질 우량인삼 생산을 위한 해가림자재별 인삼의 생육 상황과 해가림 아래의 미기상 변화를 조사하였고, 각각의 해가림자재에서 생산된 수삼의 유효성분들을 조사 분석한 결과, 6~8월까지의 해가림자재별로 온도는 차광지>차광판> 차광지 순이었고, 투광량도 차광지가 8월에 381.7 μmol/s/m2 로 인삼포내 온도가 가장 높은 원인이었다. 2~3년 인삼의 ...지상부 생육은 차광망>차광판>차광지 순이었으며, 4년근은 차광판=차광지>차광망 순으로 좋았다. 4년근 인삼의 진세 노사이드 총함량은 차광판>차광지>차광망 순으로 많았으 며, 수삼의 색도는 차광망>차광판>차광지 순으로 높았다
This research investigated growth of ginseng regard to sunshade materials and micro metrological phenomena under the sunshade material to product high quality ginseng. Followings are results of investigation of active ingredient from raw ginseng producted under the sunshade materials. The highest temperature under the sunshade material from June to August was measured from a Three-layered blue and one-layered black polyethylene net (TBOBFN) followed by a aluminium-coated polyethylene sheet (ACPS) and blue polyethylene sheet (BPS). The highest light penetration of 381.7μmol/s/m2 was obtained from the BPS at August, also the temperature was highest at the ginseng field. Growth of above ground part of 2~3 year old ginseng under the ACPS was the highest, followed by the ACPS and the BPS. In case of 4 year old ginseng, the ACPS and the BPS was the same, followed by the TBOBPN. Root length and diameter of 2~3 year old ginseng showed difference among treatments, but 4 year old ginseng was not showed difference. Meanwhile, the highest amount of root of 4 year old ginseng of 896 g/m2 was obtained from ACPS. The total amount of ginsenocide of 4 year old ginseng under the ACPS was highest, followed by the BPS and the TBOBPN. Chromaticity of ginseng root under the TBOBPN was highest, followed by the ACPS and the BPS.
The densification of pure SnO2 powder compacts was observed to be enhanced by spark plasma sintering. When commercial SnO2 powders containing agglomerates were used, however, large voids remained in ...the microstructure. The difference in densification between agglomerates and the matrix is expected to cause the formation of large voids. When the well-dispersed SnO2 powders were used, full densification could be achieved by SPS.
•Associative polymeric micelle (APM)-mediated drop-to-skin interaction was induced to enhance skin permeation.•PEO chain conformation of APMs regulated association of nanoemulsion with skin ...surface.•We showed how nanoemulsion drops associated with skin affected transdermal delivery performance.
This study presents a facile but useful methodology to improve the skin permeation of nanoemulsions through associative polymeric micelle (APM)-mediated drop-to-skin dipolar interactions. Amphiphilic triblock copolymers, poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO-PCL-PEO), were co-assembled with lecithin to fabricate APMs. As model drug carriers, nanoemulsions were prepared using the same amphiphile composition. Dense-suspension rheological studies revealed that when APMs co-existed with nanoemulsions, the drop-to-drop association was predominantly influenced by the PEO chain conformation surrounding the APMs; shorter PEO chains reduced the APM-mediated nanoemulsion association due to weak chain conformation. The shorter PEO chains of the APMs promoted the drop-to-skin association. Therefore, APMs with short PEO chains aided the penetration of the nanoemulsion into the skin. These results highlight that manipulation of the nanoemulsion drop association is important and plays a role in enhancing dermal drug delivery performance.
This paper presents a new half-bridge silicon strain gauge fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate by MEMS bulk-micromachining technology. These gauges have holes etched through the ...wafer by deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) and a closed shape with four sides, unlike the current competitive devices with open structures. This unique design minimizes the shifting or rotation of gauge position and enhances the bonding strength during glass-frit bonding, leading to an improved sensor performance and yield, and hence, a reduction in sensor cost. The prototype half-bridge gauges were tested under strains ranging from −170 to 170 and were shown to have a linear output with a typical gauge factor of about 112 and an average hysteresis of 0.0192% FS. In addition, the full bridge output for 0-50 bar pressure shows a typical sensitivity of about 0.345 mV/V/bar, a maximum thermal zero shift of −7.33% FS, and a thermal sensitivity shift of −0.17% FS/°C.
This study introduces a technique that enables fabrication of monodisperse polymer/silica hybrid particles that are useful for improving light diffusion properties. The two-step process consisting of ...the dispersion polymerization and sol-gel reaction was employed to produce poly(methylmethacrylate-
co
-3-(trimethoxysilyl)propylmethacrylate) (poly(MMA-
co
-TMSPM)) hybrid particles with double bonds on their surface. After consecutive seeded emulsion polymerization, micron-sized hybrid particles with an ability to effectively adhere to optical films were fabricated. The optical thin films made of these hybrid particles with different particle sizes showed unique light diffusion behaviors; the transmittance increased as the length scale of the hybrid particles increased, while their haze remained unchanged at high values. This is because the hybrid particles with a low curvature could have less light-scattering on their surface.
We report a tungsten disulfide (WS
) nanosheet-immobilized hydrogel system that can inhibit oxidative stress on living cells. First, we fabricated a highly stable suspension of WS
nanosheets as a ...radical scavenger by enveloping them with the amphiphilic poly(ε-caprolactone)- b-poly(ethylene oxide) copolymer (PCL- b-PEO) during in situ liquid exfoliation in aqueous medium. After the PCL- b-PEO-enveloped WS
nanosheets were embedded in three types of hydrogel systems, including carrageenan gum/locust bean gum bulk hydrogels, physically cross-linked alginate microparticles, and covalently cross-linked PEG hydrogel microparticles, they retained their characteristic optical properties. Intriguingly, the WS
nanosheet-immobilized hydrogel particles exhibited sustainable radical scavenging performance without any deterioration in the original activity of the WS
nanosheets, even after repeated use. This implies that the hydrogen atoms dissociated from the chalcogen of the WS
nanosheets effectively scavenged free radicals through the hydrogel mesh. Because of this unique behavior, the coexistence of the WS
nanosheets with living cells in the hydrogel matrix improved cell viability up to 40%, which demonstrates that the WS
nanosheets can suppress oxidative stress on living cells.
To determine the incidence and volume of pneumolabyrinth using early temporal bone computed tomography (TBCT) findings and evaluate the correlation between pneumolabyrinth and various clinical ...variables.
Retrospective case review.
Tertiary academic center.
Fifty-three consecutive adult cochlear implantation (CI) recipients (53 ears) with normal inner ears who underwent high-resolution TBCT within 3 days after CI were included.
Axial TBCT images were used for detection and measurement of pneumolabyrinth.
Incidence and volume of pneumolabyrinth were evaluated. In addition, the following clinical variables were analyzed to evaluate the correlation with pneumolabyrinth volume: demographics, implant type, surgical approach, postoperative dizziness, and preservation of functional residual hearing.
Pneumolabyrinth was present in all patients, and the average volume was 8.496 mm3. Pneumolabyrinth was confined to the cochlea (pneumocochlea) in all patients except for one who also had pneumovestibule. The pneumolabyrinth volume in patients with postoperative dizziness was significantly larger than that in patients without postoperative dizziness (10.435 mm3 vs. 8.016 mm3; p = 0.029). Multivariate analysis showed that a larger volume of pneumolabyrinth was significantly associated with postoperative dizziness (odds ratio, 1.420; 95% confidence interval, 1.114-1.808; p = 0.005).
A certain volume of pneumolabyrinth was always present in the early stage after CI, and the volume of pneumolabyrinth measured using early TBCT findings was significantly associated with the occurrence of postoperative dizziness.
Interactions among colloidal particles govern the hierarchical microstructure and its physical properties. Here, optical laser tweezers and Monte Carlo simulations are used to evaluate the effects of ...azimuthal rotation of Janus particles at the oil–water interface on interparticle interactions. We find that the capillary-induced attractive force between two Janus particles at the interface can be relaxed by azimuthal rotation around the critical separation region, at which the capillary force is ∼0.053 pN. Force relaxation leads to a decrease in capillary force around the critical separation region, resulting in a slight increase in the scaling exponent, compared to the theoretical prediction.
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