Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) is a member of the cytochrome p450 enzyme family, which is involved in the metabolisms of carcinogenic metabolites, such as benzo(a)pyrene. In this study, we identified ...miR-892a as a negative regulator of CYP1A1 expression. Luciferase assays revealed a sequence in the 3'-untranslated region of CYP1A1 that displayed a perfect match with miR-892a, and revealed that this sequence was a specific miR-892a target site. The overexpression of miR‑892a inhibited the expression of the CYP1A1 protein, and the miR‑892a antagonist increased CYP1A1 expression. Of note, benzo(a)pyrene, a major inducer of CYP1A1 transcription, decreased the expression of miR-892a. Moreover, the miR-892a-induced CYP1A1 repression inhibited the benzo(a)pyrene-mediated decrease in cell viability. These data provide insight into the CYP1A1 regulatory network.
Single-drop microextraction (SDME) is an extraction methodology where the drop plays an essential role as
extracts. It was evaluated for the GC-MS determination of nerve agents, one class of the ...chemical warfare agents
(CWAs). Since these nerve agents are highly toxic, it is important to detect the nerve agents in the environmental
samples. Several affecting factors including extraction solvents, stirring rate, extraction time, and amounts of salt
were optimized. The limit of detections (LODs) were 0.1 - 10 ng/mL and the relative standard deviations (RSDs%,
n=5) were in the range of 6.3% to 9.0% for four nerve agents. Without pretreatment of the environmental samples,
5-103 fold enrichments and 48-100% recovery were accomplished. These results demonstrated the feasibility of this
method for on-site and off-site analysis of water sample collected from suspicious CWAs site. KCI Citation Count: 7
Mating behavior of the pine sawyer,
Monochamus saltuarius Gebier (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae) was observed on pine trees in an outdoor net cage kept in one healthy pine tree and a cluster of pinelogs ...(cut over one month) to attract the beetles. When sawyer adult pairs released into net cage, they all moved to the pinelogs. And then the male was staying motionless with his antenna outstretched while the female was actively moving in his vicinity. The mating behavioral reactions were followed by the next steps: The first phase of courtship was initiated by the female approach toward the male. Second, male dashed, contacted antenna and mounted female's back. Third, female carried the male on her back and walked around and then male began to lick. Fourth, male inserted his penis into the female's genitalia when female stopped walking. While a long pairbond, the mating pair repeated copulations, lastly, when mating is over, male and female stayed separately. The mating began on sunset and resting of both male and female began at the temperature below about 20 °C. Substantially straightforward mate searching by female indicates the presence of a male sex pheromone.
Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effects of noni oil on damaged hair.Methods: Three doses of noni oil, namely, 2, 4, and 6 g, were added to hair quality enhancers and applied to the hairs ...in a sample bleached at level eight. The sample was then compared with damaged hair. A color meter was used to measure the L* value to identify changes in hair brightness. In addition, tensile strength, absorbance using methylene blue, and glossiness were measured to verify improvement in damaged hair.Results: The mean L* value of the sample increased with increased oil content, which indicated a statistical difference between damaged hair and sample 8L(6). The mean tensile strengths of all the hairs in the sample bleached at level eight and with oil treatment increased when compared with those of the hairs in the untreated damaged hair cohort. Statistical analysis demonstrated significant differences in hairs 8L(2), 8L(4), and 8L(6) from the sample. The mean absorbance of all hairs in the sample increased when compared with that of the damaged hair, with significant differences noted for hairs 8L(2), 8L(4), and 8L(6) from the sample from damaged hair. Last, the mean glossiness of hairs 8L(2), 8L(4), and 8L(6) from the sample increased with significant differences.Conclusion: Statistical analyses of the mean values between damaged hair and the hairs in the sample treated with oil revealed significant differences in brightness for the hair to which 6 g of noni oil were applied 8L(6), tensile strength, absorbance, and glossiness. This finding indicates the effects of noni oil on damaged hair in terms of quality. Further studies using a variety of oils and natural extracts in this regard are in order.
The mating behavior of the pine sawyer,
Monochamus saltuarius, is composed of two phases. The first phase is the female approach to pheromone-releasing males. When bioassayed by T-tube olfactometer, ...the female was moved toward the male and hexane extract of the male. The second phase is the male mounted the female to copulate after perceiving the contact pheromone being on the female body surface. When the hexane extract of the female body surface was applied onto a glass rod (dummy), the male showed the mating behavior to the dummy. The component of female body surface extract fractionated using a silicic acid column elicited mating behaviors of the males, and the other component by ether fraction was showed a high copulatory attempt. This study was discussed two-step functions of the pheromones in the beetle mating behavior.
Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effects of applying witch hazel oil on damaged hair.Methods: Adding 2, 4, and 6 g of witch hazel oil, applied to a sample of hairs bleached at level eight, ...produced formulations intended to enhance hair quality. This sample was compared with a cohort of damaged hair. Lightness (L*) value was measured using a color meter to identify changes in the brightness of the hair sample. In addition, tensile strength, absorbance using methylene blue, and glossiness were measured to verify improvement in damaged hair.Results: The mean L* values of the hairs in the sample were higher when compared with those of healthy hair. However, this effect declined with increased oil dosage. Moreover, no statistically significant difference was observed between damaged hair and the sample. After applying the oil, the mean values for tensile strength in the sample increased in comparison with those of the hair in the damaged hair cohort. However, significant differences were noted for hairs 8L(2), 8L(4), and 8L(6) from the sample. The mean values for absorbance decreased in all the hairs sampled, with significant differences noted for hairs 8L(2), 8L(4), and 8L(6) from the sample. Another measure is glossiness, the mean values of which increased for hairs 8L(2), 8L(4), and 8L(6) from the sample with significant differences.Conclusion: Significant differences in the mean values for tensile strength, absorbance, and glossiness were observed in hairs from the sample treated with varying doses of witch hazel oil, which indicates that the oil can improve the quality of damaged hair. However, we recommend that further studies be conducted to determine improvements in damaged hair using a variety of oils and natural extracts.
Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the effects of tea tree oil on damaged hair.Methods: A texture-improving agent was produced by adding different dosages of tea tree oil (i.e., 0, 2, 4, and 6 ...g) on sample hair. Comparative analysis was conducted by measuring the effects of the agent before and after application to sample hair bleached into level 8. To examine changes in hair brightness, L* value was measured using a color difference meter. In addition, to determine the effects of the agent on damaged hair, the study measured tensile strength, absorbance using methylene blue, and hair gloss.Results: The mean L* value for each sample increased for healthy hair but decreased in the 8L samples. Analysis indicates that the healthy hair, 8L(4) sample, and 8L(6) samples pointed to significant results. The mean value for tensile strength increased for all healthy and 8L hair samples after application. Specifically, the 8L(4) and 8L(6) samples displayed significant results. In terms of absorbance, the mean value decreased for all healthy and 8L hair samples after application. Moreover, hair gloss values increased for samples applied with the agent containing tea tree oil. Specifically, the 8L(2), 8L(4), and 8L(6) samples exhibited increased values after application.Conclusions: The results confirm the effects of tea tree oil on damaged hair in terms of improvements in terms of tensile strength, absorbance, and gloss. The study recommends that further research on the effects of various oils and natural extracts on damaged hair is necessary in terms of improving other hair characteristics and using more samples.
Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effects of eucalyptus oil on damaged hair. Methods: Eucalyptus formulations were prepared by adding 0, 3, 6, or 9 g of eucalyptus extract, and these ...formulations were applied to level 8 bleached hair samples. Various parameters were then measured and compared in the treated bleached hair. The impact of eucalyptus extract on hair brightness was assessed by measuring L * values using a color difference meter. Additionally, tensile strength, absorbance (determined using methylene blue), and gloss of the bleached hair were measured. Results: Measurement analysis showed that L * values increased as the content of eucalyptus extract applied to bleached hair increased. A statistically significant difference in brightness was observed among 8L(3), 8L(6), and 8L(9) samples. Furthermore, average tensile strength of the hair increased as extract content increased, although the difference did not reach statistical significance. Absorbance analysis revealed a significant difference between the average value and statistical analysis value for each sample, indicating that eucalyptus extract affects the absorbance of bleached hair. Gloss analysis also revealed differences in average values as extract content increased, with a significant difference observed at 8L(6) and 8L(9) but not 8L(3), suggesting that eucalyptus extract affects hair gloss in a content-dependent manner. Conclusion: Statistical analysis of average values revealed that eucalyptus extract affected bleached hair in terms of brightness, absorbance, and gloss, with different eucalyptus extract contents having different effects on the hair. Future studies should investigate the effects of various other natural extracts on bleached hair.
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