Multiplicative and additive theoretical models have been proposed to explain how job demands and job resources (e.g., job control, social support) relate to strain. However, there has been mixed ...support for the multiplicative model, and there are questions about the generalizability of both models to strains varying in severity and type, and to different types of demands. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis of regression coefficients testing the multiplicative and additive models from 77 unique samples and over 141,505 participants, using raw data or correlation matrices supplied by study authors. Overall, we found weak support for the multiplicative model and some support for the additive model. We found that job demands and job control/social support were all weakly to moderately related to employee strain. However, neither the job demands-control nor job demands-social support interactions were meaningfully related to strain in almost all cases. The components of the additive model were more strongly related to primary and tertiary strain indicators than secondary indicators and were more strongly related to psychological strain than to physical or behavioral strain. Both the additive and multiplicative models were more strongly related to strain when demands are conceptualized as hindrances rather than challenges. Meta-analyses of the simple slopes showed that job control and social support generally buffered the effects of job demands on strain, but the effects were weak and not significantly different across different levels of control and support. Theoretical and practical implications, as well as future research directions, are discussed.
Hotels utilize cause-related marketing (CRM) to attract consumers by advertising green practices. However, CRM does not always result in the intended outcomes. In online settings, customer-generated ...cues transmitted through social media can influence responses to company-generated CRM. Two psychological processes can operate to influence the effect of online cues on decision processes: priming and framing. The current research used an online survey in which priming and framing were varied in a simulated hotel-booking scenario. Affective priming was activated using an Instagram post with positive or negative environmental content. CRM framing consisted of a hotel advertisement describing its sustainability practices as producing environmental benefit or preventing environmental harm. Structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that positive affective priming and positively framed CRM advertising produce a favorable hotel image, which in turn leads to higher booking intention. Moreover, pro-environmental attitudes magnify the effects of image on multiple outcomes, including booking intention, willingness-to-pay more, and word-of-mouth. The findings will help operators develop effective marketing strategies and leverage social media to promote their business while protecting the environment.
Wearable contact lenses which can monitor physiological parameters have attracted substantial interests due to the capability of direct detection of biomarkers contained in body fluids. However, ...previously reported contact lens sensors can only monitor a single analyte at a time. Furthermore, such ocular contact lenses generally obstruct the field of vision of the subject. Here, we developed a multifunctional contact lens sensor that alleviates some of these limitations since it was developed on an actual ocular contact lens. It was also designed to monitor glucose within tears, as well as intraocular pressure using the resistance and capacitance of the electronic device. Furthermore, in-vivo and in-vitro tests using a live rabbit and bovine eyeball demonstrated its reliable operation. Our developed contact lens sensor can measure the glucose level in tear fluid and intraocular pressure simultaneously but yet independently based on different electrical responses.
Because the digital workflow can begin directly in the oral cavity, intraoral scanners are being adopted in dental treatments. However, studies of the relationship between the experience of the ...practitioner and the accuracy of impression data are needed.
The purpose of this clinical study was to investigate the effect of the experience curve on changes in trueness when a patient’s complete dental arch is scanned.
Twenty dental hygienists with more than 3 years of experience in dental clinical practice (group 1 had 3 to 5 years; group 2 had >6 years) were recruited to learn to operate 2 intraoral scanner systems. All learners scanned the assigned patient’s oral cavity 10 times during the experience sessions. Precision was calculated as the mean deviation among all superimposition combinations from the 10 scanned data sets of each learner n=10C2=45. Trueness was evaluated by superimposing the 10 consecutive intraoral scan data onto the impression scan data from each patient’s rubber impression body (n=10). The acquired images were processed and analyzed using a 3-dimensional analysis software. For statistical analysis, the independent 2-sample t test and repeated measures ANOVA were performed (α=.05).
The mean precision of the Trios scanner was greater than that of the iTero (Trios, 52.30 μm; iTero, 60.46 μm; P<.01). The iTero group showed an improvement in trueness upon repeated experience (P<.05), whereas the Trios group did not (P>.05). In the iTero group but not in the Trios group, the length of clinical experience influenced the change of trueness as a result of repeated experience (P<.05). In terms of the scanned region, the results for trueness were better for the maxillary arch than the mandibular arch with repeated scanning in the iTero group (P<.05).
The single-image based system required repeated learning sessions for effective clinical application. The newer system offered better trueness and precision and was less likely to be influenced by the length of clinical career or the region being scanned.
Hand gesture recognition, which is one of the fields of human-computer interaction (HCI) research, extracts the user's pattern using sensors. Radio detection and ranging (RADAR) sensors are robust ...under severe environments and convenient to use for hand gestures. The existing studies mostly adopted continuous-wave (CW) radar, which only shows a good performance at a fixed distance, which is due to its limitation of not seeing the distance. This paper proposes a hand gesture recognition system that utilizes frequency-shift keying (FSK) radar, allowing for a recognition method that can work at the various distances between a radar sensor and a user. The proposed system adopts a convolutional neural network (CNN) model for the recognition. From the experimental results, the proposed recognition system covers the range from 30 cm to 180 cm and shows an accuracy of 93.67% over the entire range.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death globally. CRC screening can reduce the incidence and mortality of CRC. However, socially disadvantaged groups may ...disproportionately benefit less from screening programs due to their limited access to healthcare. This poor access to healthcare services is further aggravated by intersecting, cumulative social factors associated with their sociocultural background and living conditions. This rapid review systematically reviewed and synthesized evidence on the effectiveness of Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) programs in increasing CRC screening in populations who do not have a regular healthcare provider or who have limited healthcare system access.
We used three databases: Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and EBSCOhost CINAHL. We searched for systematic reviews, meta-analysis, and quantitative and mixed-methods studies focusing on effectiveness of FIT programs (request or receipt of FIT kit, completion rates of FIT screening, and participation rates in follow-up colonoscopy after FIT positive results). For evidence synthesis, deductive and inductive thematic analysis was conducted. The findings were also classified using the Cochrane Methods Equity PROGRESS-PLUS framework. The quality of the included studies was assessed.
Findings from the 25 included primary studies were organized into three intervention design-focused themes. Delivery of culturally-tailored programs (e.g., use of language and interpretive services) were effective in increasing CRC screening. Regarding the method of delivery for FIT, specific strategies combined with mail-out programs (e.g., motivational screening letter) or in-person delivery (e.g., demonstration of FIT specimen collection procedure) enhanced the success of FIT programs. The follow-up reminder theme (e.g., spaced out and live reminders) were generally effective. Additionally, we found evidence of the social determinants of health affecting FIT uptake (e.g., place of residence, race/ethnicity/culture/language, gender and/or sex).
Findings from this rapid review suggest multicomponent interventions combined with tailored strategies addressing the diverse, unique needs and priorities of the population with no regular healthcare provider or limited access to the healthcare system may be more effective in increasing FIT screening. Decision-makers and practitioners should consider equity and social factors when developing resources and coordinating efforts in the delivery and implementation of FIT screening strategies.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
CEKLJ, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
ObjectivesFactors influencing COVID-19 preventive behaviour require exploration to strengthen the response competencies of prehealthcare professionals and reduce the pandemic’s impact. This study ...aimed to identify the level of COVID-19 preventive behaviour among Korean nursing students and to determine the influence of social responsibility and pandemic awareness to present educational strategies for reducing disaster impact.Methods and analysisAs a cross-sectional descriptive survey study using an online questionnaire, the participants were convenience sampled from one online community for nursing students and three nursing colleges located in Seoul, South Korea. The data from 590 participants were analysed by t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation and linear multiple regression using SPSS.ResultsThe factors influencing COVID-19 preventive behaviour were identified to be social responsibility (linear regression coefficient 0.354, 95% CI 0.243 to 0.464), pandemic awareness (linear regression coefficient 0.131, 95% CI 0.025 to 0.237), impact of COVID-19 on daily life (linear regression coefficient 0.085, 95% CI 0.019 to 0.152) and living in Daegu/Gyeong-buk area (linear regression coefficient 0.134, 95% CI 0.024 to 0.244).ConclusionBased on the findings that social responsibility and pandemic awareness are key predictors of COVID-19 preventive behaviour, customised educational programmes and additional studies are recommended for raising social responsibility and pandemic awareness among prehealthcare professionals as a part of disaster response.
Maternal diet during pregnancy might influence the development of childhood allergic disorders. There are few studies on the association between processed food intake and infant atopic dermatitis ...(AD) during pregnancy. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of ultra-processed food (UPF) intake during pregnancy with infantile AD. This study involved 861 pairs of pregnant women and their offspring from the Mothers' and Children's Environmental Health (MOCEH) study, a multi-center birth cohort project conducted in Korea. Dietary intake was estimated using a 24-h recall method at 12-28 weeks gestation. The NOVA classification was used to identify UPF, and UPF intake was calculated as the percentage of total energy consumption and categorized into quartiles. Infantile AD was assessed based on medical history and the criteria of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). Associations were assessed by logistic regression with adjustment for confounding factors. Children born to mothers in the highest quartile of UPF consumption (15.5% or more of the total energy) compared to the lowest quartile (6.8% or less) showed a higher risk of AD within 12 months odds ratio (OR) = 1.69; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07-2.66, P for trend 0.0436. After adjustment for the confounding factors under study, the association was strengthened; the adjusted OR between extreme quartiles was 2.19 (95% CI: 1.11-4.32, P for trend = 0.0418). This association was maintained even after an additional adjustment based on the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI), an indicator of diet quality. Higher maternal consumption of UPF during pregnancy was associated with a greater risk of infantile AD within the first year of life.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Various studies on object detection are being conducted, and in this regard, research on frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) RADAR is being actively conducted. FMCW RADAR requires ...high-distance resolution to accurately detect objects. However, if the distance resolution is high, a high-modulation bandwidth is required, which has a prohibitively high cost. To address this issue, we propose a two-step algorithm to detect the location of an object through DNN using many low-cost FMCW RADARs. The algorithm first infers the sector by measuring the distance to the object for each FMCW RADAR and then measures the position through the grid according to the inferred sector. This improves the distance resolution beyond the modulation bandwidth. Additionally, to detect multiple targets, we propose a Gaussian filter. Multiple targets are detected through an ordered-statistic constant false-alarm rate (OS-CFAR), and there is an 11% probability that multiple targets cannot be detected. In the lattice structure proposed in this paper, the performance of the proposed algorithm compared to those in existing works was confirmed with respect to the cost function. The difference in performance versus complexity was also confirmed when the proposed algorithm had the same complexity and the same performance, and it was confirmed that there was a performance improvement of up to five-fold compared to those in previous papers. In addition, multi-target detection was shown in this paper. Through MATLAB simulation and actual measurement on a single target, RMSEs were 0.3542 and 0.41002 m, respectively, and through MATLAB simulation and actual measurement on multiple targets, RMSEs were confirmed to be 0.548265 and 0.762542 m, respectively. Through this, it was confirmed that this algorithm works in real RADAR.
Transparent and stretchable electronics with remarkable bendability, conformability, and lightness are the key attributes for sensing or wearable devices. Transparent and stretchable field‐effect ...transistor sensors using graphene–metal nanowire hybrid nanostructures have high mobility (≈3000 cm2 V−1 s−1) with low contact resistance, and they are transferrable onto a variety of substrates. The integration of these sensors for RLC circuits enables wireless monitoring.
PDF
