Zeolite-intercalated semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have long been proposed to give very high third-order nonlinear optical (3NLO) responses. However, measurements of their 3NLO responses have not ...been possible due to the lack of methods to prepare optically transparent QD-incorporating zeolite films supported on optically transparent substrates and to confine QDs only within zeolite interiors. We found that the zeolite-Y films grown on indium-tin-oxide-coated glass plates (Ygs) remain firmly bonded to the substrates during ion exchange with Pb2+ ions, drying, and formation of PbS QDs by treating Pb2+ ions with H2S. A series of Ygs encapsulating different numbers (n = 0, 8, 14, 23, and 33) of PbS in a unit cell (PbS) n -Yg were prepared. The PbS QDs were expelled by adsorbed moisture to the external surfaces, and the expelled QDs formed large QDs. Coating of the (PbS) n -Ygs with octadecyltrimethoxysilane results in effective confinement of the QDs within the internal pores. The zeolite-encapsulated PbS QDs showed remarkably high 3NLO activities at 532 and 1064 nm which are unparalleled by other PbS QDs dispersed in other matrixes.
Train-tram railway vehicles implement the connection between urban tramlines and the surrounding railway network. Train-tram railway vehicles, which use existing infrastructure, can help to avoid ...large investments in new railways or tramlines and make interchanges between city center and surrounding cities unnecessary. However, present train-tram rail vehicle cannot carry out the integration of operating by means of high speed in intercity railways with operating on small radius of curvature in inner city tramlines. This paper aims to develop a new model for solid wheelsets train-tram railway vehicles, which will not only pass the curve of 25mR radius of curvature traveling on inner city tramlines with the speed of 18 km/h, but also can travel on straight railway with 200 km/h high speed between intercity. In this paper, a new train-tram model, including five car-body and five motor bogies with ten traction motors, is addressed. Expect as a real rail vehicle testing, this study prefer virtual simulation, which is an effective way to show the rail vehicle performance, such as ride stability, ride comfort and ride safety, by means of evaluating the dynamic characteristics of rail vehicle. Moreover, Design of Experiment (DOE) method is used to optimize solid wheelsets bogie system on improving passenger comfort, safety and stability of train-tram. Parameters of components of bogie system are tuned to minimize the derailment coefficient and the ride comfort index. The results shows that the best comfort index for passenger and minimum derailment coefficient are found. The results also show that this optimized new train-tram model is reliable and practical enough to be applied on real rail vehicle design.
The low-floor bogie is a prior technology in countries and companies that want to develop the tram. The Low-floor tram (LFT), which includes low-floor bogies, is easy to embark and disembark because ...of the low floor height. In addition, it can be driven on urban as well as rural tracks. Furthermore, emissions such as NOx and SOx can be reduced. Due to these advantages, this innovative technology is expected to change the public transport system. To improve utilization in a downtown area, the technology for the low-floor bogie should satisfy conditions of a high-speed of over 80 km/h and minimum radius within a 25 mR curve for smooth running on a track that has a severe turning radius. Moreover, the wheelset should not be located in the bogie, and the components inside the bogie need to be wellarranged to satisfy the full low-floor condition. In this study, to develop an over-80 km/h class high-speed low-floor bogie that can be driven safely on a 25 mR curved track, a conceptual design of the LFT multibody dynamics model was constructed and dynamic characteristics were assessed by dynamic analysis. The modeling modification with Independently rotating wheels (IRW) needed to steer actively through semi-active suspension and the optimization using Design of experiments (DOE) were then performed. Through DOE method, the optimum combination of design parameters could be obtained and, the driving performances such as ride stability, comfort and safety of the LFT could then be improved about 7 %. The results of this work are available to detail design and development of LFT.
Detection of drivers' states is the essential technology not only to prevent car accidents related with their state but to develop self-driving car. Detecting technology generally uses two types of ...methods; physiological measures and vehicle-based measures. Vehicle-based measures have advantages compared to physiological method such as non-additional device, unsophisticated process and less computational power. For these reasons, vehicle-based measures are used for this study to build the detection system about 3 states; normal, drowsy and drunk driving. In order to achieve this purpose, three types of algorithm models are suggested using vehicle simulator experiments with twelve participants on three states; normal, drowsy and drunk. By analyzing the accuracy of each input packet data combination, the feature values, the configuration of the input data calculated through the vehicle driving data is used to derive the influential factors for predicting the driver state. The results of the models indicate high accuracy and give the possibility to be applied on detecting 3 states in real driving vehicles with the system using combination of developed models.
Large single crystals of a novel lithium cobalt coordination compound, LiCo(NC 5 H 3 (CO 2 ) 2 ) 2 (H 2 O) 2.125 LiCo(PDC) 2 were grown via a hydrothermal reaction in high yield. The electrochemical ...impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data measured on a large single crystal of LiCo(PDC) 2 revealed very interesting anisotropic Li + ion conductivity. The redox potential for Co 3+ /Co 4+ observed at ca. 200 mV in the cyclic voltammogram was consistent with the electric potential where the ionic conductivity occurred. Detailed structural analysis on a series of stoichiometrically equivalent cobalt coordination compounds, ACo(PDC) 2 (A = Na + , K + , and H 3 O + ), indicated that the presence of ion channels as well as a suitable cation size is critical for the anisotropic ionic conductivity.
The quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine MenACWY-CRM is approved in the Republic of Korea for use in individuals from 2 months of age. This single-arm, open-label, observational, multicenter, ...post-marketing study (NCT01766206) assessed the safety of MenACWY-CRM vaccine administered according to local clinical practice. A total of 3939 individuals aged 2 months-55 years provided safety data post-vaccination; the analysis was conducted on the per-protocol set (3920 participants). Solicited and unsolicited adverse events (AEs) were collected over 7 days post-vaccination and medically-attended AEs (MAAEs) and serious AEs (SAEs) over 29 days post-vaccination. Among recorded solicited AEs, injection site AEs were reported by 21.38% of participants, with tenderness/pain being most frequent across age groups; systemic AEs were reported in 13.95% of participants, with irritability (in ˂6-year-olds), headache and myalgia (in ≥6 year-olds) being the most frequently reported. Most solicited AEs were mild or moderate in nature. The percentage of participants reporting unsolicited AEs varied in the study population, i.e. 12.56% in participants aged 2-23 months and 3.18% in those ≥2 years of age. Overall, less than 22% of unsolicited AEs were considered as related to vaccination. MAAEs (10.89% of participants) were mostly mild; 2.82% were considered as related to vaccination. Three (0.46%) and 5 (0.15%) SAEs (none vaccination-related) occurred in participants aged 2-23 months and 2-55 years, respectively. No deaths were reported. The safety profile for MenACWY-CRM in this post-marketing surveillance was consistent with observations from studies conducted during the vaccine's clinical development, with no new safety concerns.
The fabrication of metal–organic framework (MOF) films on conducting substrates has demonstrated great potential in applications such as electronic conduction and sensing. For these applications, ...direct contact of the film to the conducting substrate without a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) is a desired step that must be achieved prior to the use of MOF films. In this report, we propose an in situ strategy for the rapid one-step conversion of Cu metal into HKUST-1 films on conducting Cu substrates. The Cu substrate acts both as a conducting substrate and a source of Cu2+ ions during the synthesis of HKUST-1. This synthesis is possible because of the simultaneous reaction of an oxidizing agent and a deprotonating agent, in which the former agent dissolves the metal substrate to form Cu2+ ions while the latter agent deprotonates the ligand. Using this strategy, the HKUST-1 film could not only be rapidly synthesized within 5 min but also be directly attached to the Cu substrate. Based on microscopic studies, we propose a plausible mechanism for the growth reaction. Furthermore, we show the versatility of this in situ conversion methodology, applying it to ZIF-8, which comprises Zn2+ ions and imidazole-based ligands. Using an I2-filled HKUST-1 film, we further demonstrate that the direct contact of the MOF film to the conducting substrate makes the material more suitable for use as a sensor or electronic conductor.
TM-25659 compound, a novel TAZ modulator, is developed for the control of bone loss and obesity. TAZ is known to bind to a variety of transcription factors to control cell differentiation and organ ...development. A selective and sensitive method was developed for the determination of TM-25659 concentrations in rat plasma. The drug was measured by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry after liquid–liquid extraction with ethyl acetate. TM-25659 and the internal standard imipramine were separated on a Hypersil GOLD C18 column with a mixture of acetonitrile–ammonium formate (10mM) (90:10, v/v) as the mobile phase. The ions m/z 501.2→207.2 for TM-25659 and m/z 281.0→86.0 for imipramine in multiple reaction monitoring mode were used for the quantitation. The calibration range was 0.1–100μg/ml with a correlation coefficient greater than 0.99. The lower limit of quantitation of TM-25659 in rat plasma was 0.1μg/ml. The percent recoveries of TM-25659 and imipramine were 98.6% and 95.7% from rat plasma, respectively. The intra- and inter-batch precisions were 3.17–15.95% and the relative error was 0.38–10.82%. The developed assay was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of TM-25659 administered intravenously (10mg/kg) to rats.
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