Augmented reality (AR) is one of the emerging technologies of today. It has the potential to offer a novel approach to medical training that supplements conventional training methods with ...gamification and a more interactive learning experience. In emergency medicine, AR has benefits and feasibility in the clinical care of patients, in operating rooms and inpatient facilities, and in the education and training of emergency care providers. To further explore the role of AR in teaching management of anaphylactic shock to family doctors a single blinded, randomized controlled trial will be conducted. All participants will be involved in a one-day education program, consisting of lectures and skills practice. The test group will additionally engage in education about anaphylactic shock in augmented reality. The baseline will be assessed in a learning environment through a simulation based on the developed scenario. The simulation will be independently assessed with a developed evaluation scale by three experts. Participants will perform the simulation again after the intervention. After 1 and 12 months a simulation will be repeated in the participants' workplace with a standardized patient. We expect to prove that augmented reality is an efficient educational tool for emergency care at the primary health care level.
Povzetek Izhodisca. Podatkov o uporabi zdravilnih rastlin za samozdravljenje med nasim prebivalstvom ni veliko na razpolago. Zato nas je zanimalo, kako ljudje ukrepajo pri stirih najpogostejsih ...bolezenskih tezavah, katere zdravilne rastline uporabljajo in kje jih dobijo. Metode. 184 nakljucno izbranih odraslih oseb je bilo anketiranih na ulicah Velenja o tem, kako ukrepajo pri bolecinah v trebuhu, glavobolu, driski in povisani telesni temperaturi. Rezultati. 72 odstotkov anketirancev uporablja zdravilne rastline. Uporaba zdravilnih rastlin s starostjo narasca. Glede izobrazbe ni razlik. Ob stirih najbolj pogostih simptomih jih vecina vzame tableto, zdravilne rastline so na tretjem mestu. Najpogosteje uporabljajo kamilice (Matricaria chamomilla). Vecina anketirancev si sama priskrbi zdravilne rastline. Zakljucki. Rezultati raziskave kazejo sorazmerno pogosto uporabo zdravilnih rastlin v kombinaciji s konvencionalnim zdravljenjem, vecinoma brez vednosti zdravnikov, poznavanja moznih stranskih ucinkov zdravilnih rastlin in posledic njihove morebitne nepravilne uporabe. Zato je pomembno, da so zdravstveni delavci seznanjeni s to problematiko.
Self-medication patterns in adults depend on sex. Self-medication among students is very common, but little is known
about the influence of sex. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of ...self-medication college students and to
determine the effect of sex on self-medication patterns. A web based incidence study conducted on a sample of Slovenian
university students. The main outcome measures were percentages of male and female students reporting the use of
self-medication in the past year. A majority of students (92.3%) reported the use of some sort of self-medication in the past
year. Most female students (94.1%) and most male students (90.9%) reported the use of self-medication in the past year.
The difference was not statistically significant. More female students than male ones (p<0.05) acquired the drugs for
self-medication in pharmacies, used OTC drugs, herbal teas, herbs, vitamins and minerals, remedies for muscle mass
gain, antibiotics, benzodiazepines, antacids, acetylsalicylic acid, topical corticosteroids, and nasal decongestives only
with the advice of physicians or pharmacists, and thought that increasing drug dosage can be dangerous, that in case of
side effects physicians’ help must be sought, that no drug can be used during pregnancy, and that self-treatment can
mask the symptoms and signs of diseases so the physicians can overlook them easily. Sex appears to be important factor
in self-medication patterns even in young adults, such as students. The physicians should actively seek the presence of
self-medication in this population. Inappropriate or unsafe use should be properly addressed and managed.
One of the main family practice interventions in the younger healthy population is advice on how to keep or develop a healthy lifestyle. In this study we explored the level of counselling regarding ...healthy lifestyle by family physicians and the factors associated with it.
A cross-sectional study with a random sample of 36 family practices, stratified by size and location. Each practice included up to 40 people aged 18-45 with low/medium risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Data were obtained by patient and practice questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Several predictors on the patient and practice level for received advice in seven areas of CVD prevention were applied in corresponding models using a two-level logistic regression analysis.
Less than half of the eligible people received advice for the presented risk factors and the majority of them found it useful. Practices with medium patient list-sizes showed consistently higher level of advice in all areas of CVD prevention. Independent predictors for receiving advice on cholesterol management were patients' higher weight (regression coefficient 0.04, p=0.03), urban location of practice (regression coefficient 0.92, p=0.04), organisation of education by the practice (regression coefficient 0.47, p=0.01) and practice list size (regression coefficient 6.04, p=0.04). Patients who self-assessed their health poorly more frequently received advice on smoking (regression coefficient -0.26, p=0.03). Hypertensive patients received written information more often (regression coefficient 0.66, p=0.04). People with increased weight more often received advice for children's lifestyle (regression coefficient 0.06, p=0.03). We did not find associations with patient or practice characteristics and advice regarding weight and physical activity. We did not find a common pattern of predictors for advice.
Counselling for risk diseases such as increased cholesterol is more frequently provided than basic lifestyle counselling. We found some doctors and practice factors associated with counselling behaviour, but the majority has to be explained by further studies.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
With a cross-sectional survey wich was held on in Slovenia we would like to define the predictors of high prescribing rates in family practice. 42 involved family doctors reported 300 office ...contacts, i.e. a total of 12,596 contacts. The participants were asked to fulfil the questionnaire for each patient-doctor encounter in one day. In 12,596 recorded contacts, 14.485 prescriptions were issued to the patients. The patients got from 0 to 10 prescriptions per visit (X±SD: 1.2±1.4). Among 7,363 (58.5%) patients, who got at least one prescription, the mean number of prescriptions was 2.0±1.4. The majority of prescribed drugs were for cardiovascular system. The multivariate model for higher number of prescribed drugs explained 20.2% of the variation. Independent predictors for higher prescribing rates during a consultation were female sex, older age, higher number of problems dealt within the consultation (comorbidity), longer consultation times, lower education grade, higher patient quota on the list, higher prescribing quota indexed by NHII for the past year, being a specialist in family medicine, male doctor and age of doctor more than 44 years. Practice characteristics did not show any correlations with high prescribing volumes. The results of this survey show that some patients’ and doctors’ characteristics and also some consultations’ characteristics affect the prescribing rate. Additional analyses should be performed to identify reasons for that and to propose proper actions.
Background: Health seeking behaviour is a complex construct in patients with psychological symptoms. The aim of this study
was to determine a one-month prevalence of psychological symptoms in ...Slovenian general population and to identify correlates of
health seeking behaviour.
Subjects and methods: This study was conducted in a representative sample of 1,002 randomly selected Slovenian citizens,
stratified according to sex and age. We used a method of computer assisted telephone interview (CATI). The questionnaire consisted
of demographic questions, questions about the prevalence and duration of preselected symptoms in the past month (irritability,
nervousness), questions about the presence of chronic diseases, EQ-5D questionnaire and the questions on health seeking behaviour
(self-treatment, lay advice seeking and medical advice seeking).
Results: The self-reported prevalence of psychological symptoms in the past month was 38.0% (381/1,002). Multivariate analysis
for the presence of self-reported psychological symptoms revealed that female sex, higher age, the presence of chronic disease,
primary education, lay-advice seeking, pain and the presence of anxiety/depression on EQ-5D questionnaire were independently
associated with psychological symptoms.
Conclusions: Psychological symptoms are a major public health problem in Slovenian general adult population and the selfreported
utilization of professional health care services by Slovenian population is high. Other patterns such as lay referral system
might have a crucial influence on the final decision to seek medical help.
Background. In the region of Koroška, there are more and more public spaces equipped with automated external defibrillators
which can be used by a witnessed bystander. The aim of this study was to ...gain insight into the skills required for
using automated external defibrillators.
Methods. This was a cross-sectional survey conducted in two family medicine practices. We included volunteers who visited
their family doctor during a period of four days. Skills were assessed in a virtual setting using a plastic manikin.
Results. There were 107 participants in the sample, 60.0% were women. Average age of the sample was 47.6±16.8 years.
In the practical part (skills testing), the participants earned 2.7 points from a total of 5 points. Younger participants and those
who attended a course in basic life support, in the past 10 years, had a significantly higher score.
Conclusion. Lay people need more education regarding skills for using automated external defibrillators.
Aim. To determine the effect of several factors, that are a part of cardiac arrest and resuscitation, on the incidence of neardeath experiences (NDEs). Methods. We conducted a prospective ...observational study in the three largest hospitals in Slovenia in a consecutive sample of patients after out-of-hospital primary cardiac arrest. The presence of NDE was assessed with the self-administered Greyson’s near-death experiences scale. The electrocardiogram pattern at the beginning of resuscitation was recorded. Main outcome measure was the presence of near-death experiences. Univariate analysis was used. Results. The study included 52 patients. There were 42 (80.8%) males in the sample; median age ± standard deviation of the patients was 53.1 ± 14.5 years. Near-death experiences were reported by 11 (21.2%) patients. Patients with ventricular fibrillation had significantly less NDEs than other patients (12.2% vs. 54.5%, P = 0.006). Patients with pulseless electrical activity had significantly more NDEs than others (60.0% vs. 11.9%, P = 0.003). Patients with asystole and pulseless electrical fibrillation had significantly more NDEs than patients who had ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia (60.0% vs. 11.9%, P = 0.003). Patients with at least one defibrillation attempt had significantly less near-death experiences than others (62.5% vs. 13.6%, P = 0.007). Conclusion. Our study found a possible correlation between electrocardiogram pattern in cardiac arrest patients and the incidence of near-death experiences. Further studies should address this problem in larger samples.
Aim To assess patients’ attitudes toward changing unhealthy lifestyle, confidence in the success, and desired
involvement of their family physicians in facilitating this
change.
Methods We conducted ...a cross-sectional study in 15 family physicians’ practices on a consecutive sample of 472
patients (44.9% men, mean age (± standard deviation)
49.3 ± 10.9 years) from October 2007 to May 2008. Patients
were given a self-administered questionnaire on attitudes
toward changing unhealthy diet, increasing physical activity, and reducing body weight. It also included questions
on confidence in the success, planning lifestyle changes,
and advice from family physicians.
Results Nearly 20% of patients planned to change their
eating habits, increase physical activity, and reach normal
body weight. Approximately 30% of patients (more men
than women) said that they wanted to receive advice on
this issue from their family physicians. Younger patients
and patients with higher education were more confident that they could improve their lifestyle. Patients who
planned to change their lifestyle and were more confident
in the success wanted to receive advice from their family
physicians.
Conclusion Family physicians should regularly ask the patients about the intention of changing their lifestyle and
offer them help in carrying out this intention.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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