A Decade of Advances in Military Trauma Care Glassberg, E.; Nadler, R.; Erlich, T. ...
Scandinavian Journal of Surgery,
06/2014, Letnik:
103, Številka:
2
Book Review, Journal Article
Recenzirano
Background:
While combat casualty care shares many key concepts with civilian trauma systems, its unique features mandate certain practices that are distinct from the civilian ones.
Methods:
This is ...a review of the most current literature on combat casualty care, based on computer database searches for studies on combat casualty care and military medicine. Studies were selected for inclusion in this review based on their relevance and contribution.
Results:
Over the last decade, meticulous, international data collection and research efforts have led to significant improvements in military trauma care. Combat medicine has focused on the causes of preventable deaths and targeted on bleeding control and resuscitation strategies, as well as improved evacuation. En route care and forward surgical interventions have resulted in unprecedented low fatality rates and the saving of more lives.
Conclusion:
This overview of the developments in combat casualty care in recent years emphasizes medical practices that are characteristic of combat medicine, yet with the potential to save lives in other scenarios, as well.
We identified a Saccharomyces cerevisiae peroxisomal membrane protein, Pex13p, that is essential for protein import. A point mutation in the COOH-terminal Src homology 3 (SH3) domain of Pex13p ...inactivated the protein but did not affect its membrane targeting. A two-hybrid screen with the SH3 domain of Pex13p identified Pex5P, a receptor for proteins with a type I peroxisomal targeting signal (PTS1), as its ligand. Pex13p SH3 interacted specifically with Pex5P in vitro. We determined, furthermore, that Pex5p was mainly present in the cytosol and only a small fraction was associated with peroxisomes. We therefore propose the Pex13p is a component of the peroxisomal protein import machinery onto which the mobile Pex5p receptor docks for the delivery of the selected PTS1 protein.
Thin films of La(0.7)Ca(0.3)MnO3 (R = Ho and Y) grown using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique on (100) NdGaO3 (NGO) single-crystal substrates have shown a decrease in T(P) farther from the ...corresponding values obtained on bulk samples. This decrease could be attributed to an additional substrate strain effect. The uniqueness of the present result is that Ho-doped La(0.7)Ca(0.3)MnO3 films have shown a drastic reduction in resistance compared to that of Y-doping, similar to what has been observed in the bulk samples. We have also fabricated a novel FM/I /FM (FM = ferromagnet (La(2/3)Ba(1/3)MnO3 (LBMO) in this case); I = insulator) tunnel junction by replacing the widely used SrTiO3 (STO) insulating layer by an insulating phase of Ho-doped LCMO composition (La(0.35)Ho(0.15)Ca(0.3)MnO3) to study the MR and electronic correlation effects. High resistance values have been realized across junctions made up of the LCMO-based insulating layer. This result could open up new avenues in TMR research. (Author)
The possibility that the interaction of silica with the alveolar epithelium can produce factors that alter fibroblast activity in the lung is investigated. Isolated type 2 cells, which were ...attenuated after a few days in culture, were then exposed to doses of silica from 50 to 200 micrograms/ml for 24 hours. Silica particles were found in the epithelial cell cytoplasm without causing cell necrosis. Subsequently, serum-free supernatants of these epithelial cells were collected over 4 hours and tested on fibroblast growth and collagen production. Growth of quiescent fibroblasts was not stimulated, whereas proliferation of rapidly growing cells was inhibited by supernants of type 2 cells exposed to silica at doses of 100 micrograms/ml and above; proline incorporation into collagen was also significantly reduced. Silica exposure resulted in a 6-fold greater secretion of prostaglandin E2 by type 2 cells as shown by radioimmunoassay, and the fibroblast growth inhibition was eliminated by treating the epithelial cells with indomethacin at the time of silica exposure. These results demonstrate that, in response to silica, alveolar epithelial cells secrete a factor(s) that that inhibits fibroblast growth and collagen synthesis. The high level of prostaglandin E2 found in epithelial cell supernants after silica suggests that this molecule is involved in fibroblastic control in the lung.
To the Editor:
Socié et al. (July 1 issue)
1
reported on the long-term survival of patients who have undergone allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and the rate of death more than two years after ...transplantation. They provided information on the characteristics and outcomes of long-term survivors after bone marrow transplantation, but the study was a retrospective survey in which data were collected by sending questionnaires to many institutions. We agree that a retrospective survey is a powerful method for collecting a large amount of information, but the results may be easily biased because it is difficult to collect complete data on . . .
"El lazarillo," Fray Calixto y las cuatro P Mónica Klien-Samanez; Mónica Klein-Samanez
Revista de crítica literaria latinoamericana,
01/2002, Letnik:
28, Številka:
55
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Tendrán sumo celo, y al mismo tendrán sus tenientes y demás jueces, de limpiar sus provincias de ciertos seudo religiosos que, valiéndose de una mortaja de San Francisco, son el contagio de la mayor ...parte de las provincias. A la "nobleza y humildad" con que Fray Calixto caracteriza a la población indígena el visitador opone su barbarie, la cual justifica el rigor con que la población indígena debe ser tratada, concluyendo que los españoles reconocieron la inhumanidad de los indios, y desde entonces dio principio la desconfianza que tuvieron de ellos, y los trataron como a unos hombres que era preciso contenerlos con alguna especie de rigor y atemorizarlos con algún castigo, aun en las faltas leves, para no ser confundidos y arruinados de la multitud. Sus caciques, curacas y mandones son muy culpables de la disminución de los indios, porque corriendo con la cobranza de los Reaies Tributos, se hacen cargo de pagar la tasa del que muere para aprovecharse de los trozos de tierras que el rey señaló a los tributaries... Sin embargo, niega rotundamente que gran parte de la población se hubiera plegado a los rebeldes, a quienes caracteriza como "unos pocos Indios bárbaros y rústicos, desnudos, y sin concierto militar" (23)17.
PDF
