Bell ringing and bell chiming are presenting a valuable part of Slovenian cultural heritage, which is reflected in an extremely rich vocabulary that is part of our everyday reality and communication. ...The dictionary brings about 1035 expressions from the fields of amateur and professional engagement with bell ringing and bell chiming. It unveils the bells as a versatile musical instrument of cultural, ethnomusicological, artistic and also, in the case of older bells, of historical value. In addition to the modern terms, it contains some past terms, as well as many dialectal words, including the ones from vocabulary of Slovenians living in the neighboring countries. The monolingual design of the explanatory terminological dictionary is exceeded by the addition of English equivalents and the English-Slovene dictionary. This enables that also international scholars and bell experts gets acquainted with the special features of Slovenian bell ringing and bell chiming. The dictionary is intended for professionals from different fields of science, as well as for bell ringing experts, bell chimers, as well as everyone attracted by the sounds of our soundscapes. The authors of the dictionary would like to encourage new research of this kind, and especially would like that campanology gets appropriate position in the field of profession and science in Slovenia and abroad.
In this perspective analysis, we strive to answer the following question: how can we advance integrative biology research in the 21st century with lessons from animal science? At the University of ...Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Animal Science, we share here our three lessons learned in the two decades from 2002 to 2022 that we believe could inform integrative biology, systems science, and animal science scholarship in other countries and geographies. Cultivating multiomics knowledge through a conceptual lens of integrative biology is crucial for life sciences research that can stand the test of diverse biological, clinical, and ecological contexts. Moreover, in an era of the current COVID-19 pandemic, animal nutrition and animal science, and the study of their interactions with human health (and vice versa) through integrative biology approaches hold enormous prospects and significance for systems medicine and ecosystem health.
For the preparation of bioactive coatings on alumina and zirconia ceramic surfaces a fast biomimetic method using a supersaturated solution containing Na+, Ca2+, Cl−, HCO3−, and PO43− ions was used. ...The coatings were analysed with the use of an X‐ray diffraction spectrometer and a transmission electron microscope equipped with an energy‐dispersive spectroscopy detector. After the precipitation both coatings were composed of poorly crystallized, nanosized, plate‐like particles with the octacalcium phosphate (OCP) crystal structure. The adhesion of the coatings was improved by a heat treatment at 1050°C for 1 h. During this heat treatment the calcium phosphate layer, deposited from a supersaturated solution onto the surface of the substrates, was sintered to form a dense coating. At the same time the OCP crystal structure was transformed into that of hydroxyl apatite, the coating's crystallinity was increased, and the particles grew isotropically up to 300 nm in size. The bioactivity of the coated ceramic was confirmed before and after the heat treatment using a simple simulated body fluid test.
The Šentvid tunnel had first been designed as twin tube double‐lane tunnel. Later on, the design included the third traffic lanes and connecting ramp tunnels. The underground junctions required the ...construction of large caverns. A small diameter exploration gallery was excavated in order to find the optimum locations for both caverns in foliated Perm‐Carboniferous soft rock conditions and to provide geotechnical model and material parameters for the design. The exploration gallery furthermore enabled displacement measurements ahead of the excavation face of the main tunnel during its construction. This paper presents some details of the exploration gallery and the results obtained from it, showing the results of displacement measurements ahead of the tunnel face and comparisons of the observed displacements ahead of the tunnel face with geological conditions.
The tunnel construction won international attention due to its complexity and as an example of best practice in the construction of very large excavations in diverse geotechnical conditions. During the decision making process, an international panel of recognized experts from consulting companies and universities was involved. Later on, the panel regularly monitored the progress of tunnelling works and contributed to the decisions during critical steps of the project. The decision to involve international experts with different experiences and approaches permitted the client to keep the construction risks within acceptable limits.
Der Sentvid‐Tunnel war zunächst mit zwei Röhren mit jeweils zwei Fahrstreifen geplant worden. Später wurde der Entwurf um einen dritten Fahrstreifen und Verbindungstunnel erweitert. Die unterirdischen Verzweigungen erforderten die Errichtung von großen Kavernen. Ein Erkundungsstollen mit kleinerem Durchmesser wurde ausgebrochen, um die optimalen Standorte für die beiden Kavernen im weichen, geschieferten Fels aus dem Perm bis Karbon zu finden und um geotechnische Modell‐ und Materialparameter für den Entwurf zu erhalten. Der Erkundungsstollen hat weiterhin ermöglicht, Setzungsmessungen im Bereich vor der Ortsbrust des Haupttunnels während dessen Errichtung durchzuführen. In diesem Artikel werden einige Details des Erkundungsstollens und der mit seiner Hilfe gewonnenen Ergebnisse dargestellt. So werden die Ergebnisse der Messungen der der Ortsbrust vorauslaufenden Setzungen gezeigt und ein Vergleich der beobachteten Setzungen mit den geologischen Verhältnissen angestellt.
Der Tunnelvortrieb hat international Aufmerksamkeit auf sich gezogen aufgrund seiner Komplexität und als vorbildliches Praxisbeispiel für die Errichtung von sehr großen Hohlräumen in den unterschiedlichsten geologischen Verhältnissen. In den Entscheidungsprozess war ein internationaler Ausschuss von anerkannten Experten aus Beratungsfirmen und Universitäten eingebunden. Im weiteren Verlauf hat dieser Ausschuss regelmäßig den Fortschritt der Arbeiten an dem Tunnel verfolgt und in kritischen Phasen des Projektes bei wichtigen Entscheidungen unterstützt. Die Entscheidung, internationale Experten mit verschiedensten Erfahrungen und Herangehensweisen einzubinden erlaubte dem Kunden, das Risiko der Baumaßnahme in einem akzeptablen Rahmen zu halten.
During construction of the Šentvid tunnel a unique opportunity arose to measure the 3D displacements ahead of the motorway tunnel excavation face, since the exploratory tunnel was already constructed ...in the axis of the main tunnel. According to reviewed literature such measurements had not been performed yet and several problems regarding equipment and complete scheme of the experiment needed to be overcome. The paper gives a brief description of the Šentvid tunnel project, presents significant factors that affected the choice of the geodetic equipment and describes the scheme of the experiment. A special attention is focused on the problems relating to the operation of the instrument in demanding environmental conditions (water, dust).
This article describes the geodetic monitoring of the impact that the tunnel excavations have on the rock mass of the tunnel face in Šentvid tunnel. In the preliminary phase. an exploratory gallery ...was built almost along the main tunnel axis to collect geological, tectonic zone and other relevant data. The exploratory gallery is now being used for geodetic and other monitoring of the impact of tunnel excavations on the surrounding rock mass. Before the beginning, methods of point and station point stabilization, and a measurement method was chosen. Thus, the chosen method of 3D inner intersection with adjustment of redundant observation for station point determination, and the polar method for calculating 3D coordinates of detail points. The method of determination of station point was chosen because of far reaching influence that the tunnel excavations have on rock mass behaviour at the tunnel face.
The Sentvid tunnel had first been designed as twin tube double-lane tunnel. Later on, the design included the third traffic lanes and connecting ramp tunnels. The underground junctions required the ...construction of large caverns. A small diameter exploration gallery was excavated in order to find the optimum locations for both caverns in foliated Perm-Carboniferous soft rock conditions and to provide geotechnical model and material parameters for the design. The exploration gallery furthermore enabled displacement measurements ahead of the excavation face of the main tunnel during its construction. This paper presents some details of the exploration gallery and the results obtained from it, showing the results of displacement measurements ahead of the tunnel face and comparisons of the observed displacements ahead of the tunnel face with geological conditions. The tunnel construction won international attention due to its complexity and as an example of best practice in the construction of very large excavations in diverse geotechnical conditions. During the decision making process, an international panel of recognized experts from consulting companies and universities was involved. Later on, the panel regularly monitored the progress of tunnelling works and contributed to the decisions during critical steps of the project. The decision to involve international experts with different experiences and approaches permitted the client to keep the construction risks within acceptable limits.Original Abstract: Der Sentvid-Tunnel war zunaechst mit zwei Rohren mit jeweils zwei Fahrstreifen geplant worden. Spaeter wurde der Entwurf um einen dritten Fahrstreifen und Verbindungstunnel erweitert. Die unterirdischen Verzweigungen erforderten die Errichtung von grosen Kavernen. Ein Erkundungsstollen mit kleinerem Durchmesser wurde ausgebrochen, um die optimalen Standorte fuer die beiden Kavernen im weichen, geschieferten Fels aus dem Perm bis Karbon zu finden und um geotechnische Modell- und Materialparameter fuer den Entwurf zu erhalten. Der Erkundungsstollen hat weiterhin ermoglicht, Setzungsmessungen im Bereich vor der Ortsbrust des Haupttunnels waehrend dessen Errichtung durchzufuehren. In diesem Artikel werden einige Details des Erkundungsstollens und der mit seiner Hilfe gewonnenen Ergebnisse dargestellt. So werden die Ergebnisse der Messungen der der Ortsbrust vorauslaufenden Setzungen gezeigt und ein Vergleich der beobachteten Setzungen mit den geologischen Verhaeltnissen angestellt. Der Tunnelvortrieb hat international Aufmerksamkeit auf sich gezogen aufgrund seiner Komplexitaet und als vorbildliches Praxisbeispiel fuer die Errichtung von sehr grosen Hohlraeumen in den unterschiedlichsten geologischen Verhaeltnissen. In den Entscheidungsprozess war ein internationaler Ausschuss von anerkannten Experten aus Beratungsfirmen und Universitaeten eingebunden. Im weiteren Verlauf hat dieser Ausschuss regelmaesig den Fortschritt der Arbeiten an dem Tunnel verfolgt und in kritischen Phasen des Projektes bei wichtigen Entscheidungen unterstuetzt. Die Entscheidung, internationale Experten mit verschiedensten Erfahrungen und Herangehensweisen einzubinden erlaubte dem Kunden, das Risiko der Baumasnahme in einem akzeptablen Rahmen zu halten.
The apatite-forming ability of alumina and zirconia ceramics was investigated using a supersaturated Ca/P solution. After 2
h of immersion, a thin, needle-like nanocrystalline layer with micron-sized ...clusters of an irregular shape was formed on the alumina and zirconia surfaces. With a longer immersion time the layer thickness increased and the clusters became more spherical. The substrate material has little or no effect on the forming ability of the coating. The XPS Ca/P ratio for the sputtered coating on the zirconia substrate that was immersed in the Ca/P solution for 27
h was 1.66. The EDS, XRD and XPS analyses confirmed that the coated layer was hydroxyapatite. The thickness of the hydroxyapatite coating on the zirconia and alumina substrates after immersion in the Ca/P solution for 8 and 27
h was from 0.8 to 1.1
μm.
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