The Mediterranean Sea is home to over 2/3 of the world's charter boat traffic and hosts an estimated 1.5 million recreational boats. Studies elsewhere have demonstrated marinas as important hubs for ...the stepping-stone transfer of non-indigenous species (NIS), but these unique anthropogenic, and typically artificial habitats have largely gone overlooked in the Mediterranean as sources of NIS hot-spots. From April 2015 to November 2016, 34 marinas were sampled across the following Mediterranean countries: Spain, France, Italy, Malta, Greece, Turkey and Cyprus to investigate the NIS presence and richness in the specialized hard substrate material of these marina habitats. All macroinvertebrate taxa were collected and identified. Additionally, fouling samples were collected from approximately 600 boat-hulls from 25 of these marinas to determine if boats host diverse NIS not present in the marina. Here, we present data revealing that Mediterranean marinas indeed act as major hubs for the transfer of marine NIS, and we also provide evidence that recreational boats act as effective vectors of spread. From this wide-ranging geographical study, we report here numerous new NIS records at the basin, subregional, country and locality level. At the basin level, we report three NIS new to the Mediterranean Sea (
,
,
aff.
), and the re-appearance of two NIS previously known but currently considered extinct in the Mediterranean (
). We also compellingly update the distributions of many NIS in the Mediterranean Sea showing some recent spreading; we provide details for 11 new subregional records for NIS (
,
and
now present in the Western Mediterranean;
,
,
,
and
now present in the Central Mediterranean, and
,
and
in the Eastern Mediterranean). We also report 51 new NIS country records from recreational marinas: 12 for Malta, 10 for Cyprus, nine for Greece, six for Spain and France, five for Turkey and three for Italy, representing 32 species. Finally, we report 20 new NIS records (representing 17 species) found on recreational boat-hulls (mobile habitats), not yet found in the same marina, or in most cases, even the country. For each new NIS record, their native origin and global and Mediterranean distributions are provided, along with details of the new record. Additionally, taxonomic characters used for identification and photos of the specimens are also provided. These new NIS records should now be added to the relevant NIS databases compiled by several entities. Records of uncertain identity are also discussed, to assess the probability of valid non-indigenous status.
Decapod crustaceans were sampled monthly from May 2008 to April 2009 using a commercial trawl vessel at depths between 292 and 550 m from Sığacık Bay. 16 species were identified, of which 3 are ...Brachyura, 5 Caridea, 3 Dendrobranchiata, 1 Polychelida, 1 Astacidea, 3 Anomura. Of these, 4 species (Bathynectes maravigna, Munida intermedia, Pontophilus spinosus, and Processa canaliculata) are new records for Sığacık Bay. Furthermore, all of the previous studies were reviewed on the deep-sea decapod crustaceans of Sığacık Bay, depth range of each species is given.
Abstract Background The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential protective effect of the ukrain on ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury in rat intestine, which has not previously been ...studied. Methods Thirty-one male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups, each consisting of eight rats as follows: (1) a sham group (S) (laparotomy, but no IR injury); (2) ukrain group (U) (no IR, and ukrain was administered intraperitoneally 1 h before laparotomy); (3) intestinal ischemia–reperfusion (II/R) group (30-min occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery then 2-h reperfusion); and (4) ukrain + II/R group (U + II/R) (30-min occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery then 2-h reperfusion; ukrain was administered intraperitoneally 1 h before IR). Results Serum total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured using Erel method. Oxidative stress index was calculated using the TOS/TAS ratio. TAS levels increased and TOS serum levels were also significantly decreased in the ukrain + IR group compared with the IR group ( P = 0.000 and P = 0.015). Conclusions In this study, we demonstrated for the first time in literature that ukrain helps to prevent intestinal tissue breakdown against II/R injury and that this effect can be achieved by antioxidant activities.
Acute renal failure is commonly seen in the perioperative period. Ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury plays a major role in acute renal failure and delayed graft function. MicroRNAs (miRs), which are ...pivotal modulators of cell activities, offer a major opportunity for affective diagnosis and treatment strategies because they are tissue specific and in the center of gene expression modulation. The effect of bardoxolone methyl (BM) on miR-21, miR-223-5p, and miR-125b in renal IR injury was evaluated in this study.
Wistar-Albino rats (12-16 wk old, weighing 300-350 g) were used in the study. Rats (n = 6) were randomized into three groups (control, IR, and BM + IR). Tissue levels of miRs were analyzed with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.
Significant reduction of urea and total oxidant status, increase of total antioxidant status, and oxidative stress index were identified in the IR + BM group compared with the IR group. Significant increases of miR-21 (2842.82-fold) and miR-125b (536.8-fold) were identified in the IR group compared with the control group; however, miR-223-5p levels did not show any significant difference. Also, miR-21 and miR-125b were significantly reduced in the IR + BM group compared with the IR group. Reduced histopathologic changes were observed in the IR + BM group. A significant decrease in the number of tunel-positive cells was identified in the IR + BM group compared with the IR group.
miR-125b was significantly increased in IR injury; thus, miR-125b can be a potential novel marker that can be used in diagnosis and treatment of renal IR injury. BM reduces miR-21 and miR-125b in case of IR injury and makes functional and histopathologic repairs.
A male specimen of Achelia langi (Dohrn, 1881) was found in Antalya Bay (Turkish coast of the Mediterranean Sea) at 1.5 m depth in July 2019. A distribution map of the species in the Mediterranean ...Sea is provided, together with a photograph and line drawing of the species. A. langi is reported in this study for the first time from Antalya Bay and the Mediterranean coast of Türkiye and also the third time from the eastern Mediterranean Sea. The record further extends the known distribution of this species from the Aegean Sea to the Mediterranean coast of Türkiye in the eastern Mediterranean Sea.
Achelia langi (Dohrn, 1881) türüne ait bir erkek birey Temmuz 2019 tarihinde 1.5 m derinlikten Antalya Körfezi’nden tespit edilmiştir. Türün Akdeniz’deki dağılımı, fotoğraf ve çizimi çalışmada verilmiştir. A. langi, Antalya Körfezi’nden ve Türkiye’nin Akdeniz kıyılarından ilk kez, doğu Akdeniz’den ise üçüncü kez bu çalışmada rapor edilmektedir. Bu kayıt, doğu Akdeniz’de türün bilinen dağılımını Ege Denizi’nden Türkiye’nin Akdeniz kıyılarına kadar genişletmektedir.
Aim: MicroRNAs (miR) are important diagnostic and treatment targets due to their different tissue expressions and their central position in the regulation of gene expressions. miR studies might ...pioneer emerging of new diagnostic tools and treatment goals in kidney diseases. Captopril (CAP) and telmisartan (TEL) were shown to be effective in ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. There is not any study about the effect of TEL and CAP over miR-21-320-146a. Our aim was to study the effects of CAP and TEL over miR on renal IR model.
Methods: We used 12-16 weeks-old Wistar-Albino rats that weigh 300-350 g. Rats (n, 6) were randomized into four groups (Control, IR, IR + CAP, IR + TEL). Urea, creatinine, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), super oxide dismutase (SOD), and miRs were analyzed.
Results: Urea, creatinine, TOS, OSI levels of IR + CAP, and IR + TEL groups were lower comparing to IR group. TAS and SOD levels were higher in IR group than IR + TEL group. miR-21-320-146a showed increase in renal IR injury. miR-320, 146a showed significant decrease in IR + CAP and IR + TEL groups comparing to IR group. We showed histopathological recovery and decreased apoptosis in IR + CAP and IR + T groups than IR group.
Conclusion: We, for the first time in the literature, showed that miR-320 is increased in IR injury. miR-320 might be a novel diagnosis and treatment target in renal ischemic reperfusion injury. Also, for the first time, we showed that CAP and TEL cause functional and histopathological recovery and lower miR-146a and miR-320.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Sampling studies in İzmir Bay revealed the occurrence of a pycnogonid species, Ammothella longioculata (Faraggiana, 1940). A. longioculata is reported only one time from the Turkish waters, up to ...now. The presence of this rare species is reported herein for the first time from the İzmir Bay, and also second time from the Turkish waters. The distribution map of the species in the Mediterranean Sea is provided, together with photographs and line drawings of the species. Moreover, all of the early studies were reviewed on the pycnogonid fauna of İzmir Bay, distribution of each species, depth range, and type of substrate are given.
Purpose/Aim: Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis (AP). We compared the therapeutic effects of Ukrain (NSC 631570) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in rats ...with AP. Materials and Methods: Forty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: controls; AP; AP with NAC; and AP with Ukrain. AP was induced via the ligation of the bile-pancreatic duct; drugs were administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) 30 min and 12 h after AP induction. Twenty-four hours after AP induction, animals were sacrificed and the pancreas was excised. Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO), and activity levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were measured in tissue samples. Total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), and total bilirubin, as well as activity levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), amylase and lipase were measured in serum samples. Pancreatic tissue histopathology was also evaluated. Results: Test drugs reduced levels of MDA, NO, TNF-α, total bilirubin, AST, ALT, TOS and MPO, amylase and lipase activities (P < 0.001), and increased TAS (P < 0.001). Rats treated with test drugs attenuated AP-induced morphologic changes and decreased pancreatic damage scores compared with the AP group (P < 0.05). Both test drugs attenuated pancreatic damage, but the therapeutic effect was more pronounced in rats that received Ukrain than in those receiving NAC. Conclusions: These results suggest that treatment with Ukrain or NAC can reduce pancreatic damage via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Sampling studies on the Turkish Mediterranean coast revealed the presence of a species of Pycnogonida belonging to the genus Ammothella. This species is identified as A. longioculata (Faraggiana, ...1940). This is herein reported for the first time from the Fethiye Bay and Mediterranean coast of Turkey. Therefore, the record further extends the known distribution of A. longioculata from the Aegean Sea to the Mediterranean coast of Turkey. A distribution map of the species in the Mediterranean Sea is provided, together with photographs of the species. This study is the only scientific report to date of the pycnogonids of the Fethiye Bay in Turkey.
Fethiye Körfezi’nde yapılan örnekleme çalışmaları, Ammothella cinsine ait bir piknogonid türü olan A. longioculata (Faraggiana, 1940)’ nın varlığını ortaya koymuştur. A. longioculata, Fethiye Körfezi’nden ve Türkiye’nin Akdeniz Kıyılarından ilk kez bu çalışmada rapor edilmektedir. Bundan dolayı, bu kayıt, türün bilinen dağılımını Ege Denizi’nden Türkiye’nin Akdeniz kıyılarına kadar genişletmektedir. Türün Akdeniz’deki dağılımı ve fotoğrafları çalışmada verilmiştir. Bu çalışma, bugüne kadar Türkiye’de Fethiye Körfezi piknogonidleri üzerine yapılmış tek çalışmadır.
Acute kidney injury is the most serious complication of crush syndrome. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenously produced gaseous signaling molecule. It is involved in homeostatic functions, such as ...blood pressure control, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. In this study, effects of H2S on kidney injury were investigated in a rat model of crush syndrome.
Rats were divided into six groups (n = 8): Sham (steril saline ip), crush (sterile saline ip), crush + NaHS (sodium hydrosulfide, an H2S donor) (100 μmol/kg ip). All these groups were also separated as 3 and 24 h after decompression. Crush injury was induced by 6 h of direct compression to both hindlimbs of anesthetized rats with blocks weighing 3.6 kg each sides, followed by 3 or 24 h of decompression. Kidney injury molecule-1, neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin, tumor-necrotizing factor-α, transforming growth factor-β, tissue total oxidant status, and total antioxidant status levels were measured in kidney homogenates 3 and 24 h after decompression. Serum creatine kinase, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine levels were also measured. Apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL method. Bcl-2 was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Glomerular and tubular structures were also examined histopathologically.
NaHS reduced kidney injury molecule-1, neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin, tumor-necrotizing factor-α, transforming growth factor-β, total oxidant status levels, and increased total antioxidant status levels in kidney 3 and 24 h after decompression. Serum urea, creatinine, and creatine kinase levels also reduced with NaHS. NaHS decreased renal damage and apoptosis in crush-related acute kidney injury.
These results suggest that H2S could reduce crush-related acute kidney injury via anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic effects.
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