The feasibility of growing algae in concentrated wastewater generated from sludge ozonation for simultaneous nutrients removal and biomass production was studied. The effects of bacteria addition ...into microalgae on nutrients removal, biomass yield and settleability, the growth rate of algae and concentrations of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and soluble microbial products (SMP) were investigated. The results showed that the growth rate of algae in algal-bacteria system (0.2182) was improved than in algae-only system (0.1852), while both of them are comparable with others reported previously. And the addition of bacteria enhanced COD, NH4+-N, TN and TP removal rate by 23.9 ± 3.3%, 27.7 ± 3.6%, 16.6 ± 1.8% and 14.9 ± 2.2%, respectively. And 32.8 ± 0.7% of the TN and 50.3 ± 1.8% of the TP were recycled from ozonated sludge-supernatant (OSS) being absorbed into algal-bacterial biomass. The algal-bacteria system also demonstrated advantages on biomass settleability and heavy metals removal. Finally, the mechanism involving matter exchange and algal-bacteria system on OSS treatment in this study were discussed through evaluation of nutrients, SMP and EPS contents, nitrogen and phosphorus balance.
Display omitted
•The OSS was feasible for simultaneous nutrients removal and biomass production.•The addition of bacteria promoted algal growth and settleability.•The addition of bacteria enhanced nutrients and heavy metals removal.•Nutrients recovery from sewage sludge to biomass were achieved.•32.8 ± 0.7% of the TN and 50.3 ± 1.8% of the TP were recycled from OSS being absorbed into algal-bacterial biomass.
The purpose of this study was to explore the histopathological staging and differential diagnosis of marginal zone lymphoma in gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma). We performed ...detailed histomorphology and immunohistochemistry investigations as well as genetic testing on endoscopic biopsy and endoscopic mucosal resection specimens from 18 patients with gastric MALT lymphoma. We found that gastric MALT lymphoma typically begins as a small, isolated area outside the lymphoid follicular mantle zone or proliferates in a multifocal, patchy manner, gradually spreads to the interfollicular zone, forming diffuse proliferation, invades the gastric mucosal glands, and infiltrates or proliferates into the center of peripheral reactive lymphoid follicles. Abnormally proliferating lymphocytes invade the surrounding lymphoid follicles, resulting in damage, atrophy, and disappearance of their normal follicles as well as of the gastric mucosa glands, forming diffuse proliferation. Redifferentiation and proliferation lead to the transformation of lymphocytes; that is, MALT transitions into highly invasive lymphoma. Based on our findings in this study, we propose the following five stages in the process of development and progression of gastric MALT lymphoma: the stage of cell proliferation outside the lymphoid follicular mantle zone; the stage of heterogeneous proliferative lymphoepithelial lesion; the stage of reactive lymphoid follicular implantation; the stage of lymphoid follicular clonal proliferation; and the stage of MALT transforming into highly invasive lymphoma. We examined the differential diagnosis of histopathological features at each stage. The clinicopathological staging of gastric MALT lymphoma can help clinicians provide accurate treatment and track malignant cell transformation, thus playing a significant role in controlling its development and progression.
Two new chromeno3,2-cpyridine alkaloids, 9-acetyl-7-methoxy-3-methyl-10
H
-chromeno3,2-cpyridin- 10-one (
1
) and 8-acetyl-7-methoxy-3-methyl-10
H
-chromeno3,2-cpyridin-10-one (
2
), were isolated ...from the whole plants of
Thalictrum scabrifolium.
Their structures were determined by means of HR-ESI-MS and extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic studies. Compounds
1
and
2
were tested for their antibacterial activity. The results showed that both compounds showed high antibacterial activity against 12 microbial strains isolated from the saliva of smokers.
In order to solve the problems of long time for selecting candidate areas of obstacles and low accuracy of obstacle recognition. In this paper, we proposed an obstacle detection and recognition ...method based on stereo vision and convolution neural network. First, we use semi-global stereo matching to calculate disparity between left and right images. A method for Stixel computation is used to obtain the candidate regions of obstacles. Then, we use U-disparity map to extract the target obstacles from the candidate regions of obstacles. Then, we propose a new convolutional neural network to recognize the target obstacles. In order to verify the recognition performance of the new convolutional neural network, we compare the results with other convolutional neural networks on CIFAR-10 datasets. The experimental results show that our proposed convolutional neural network improves the real-time performance by 69% when the recognition accuracy is reduced by 4.9%.
Natural killer (NK) cells are important effectors of the innate immune system, which exhibits cytolytic activity against infectious agents and tumor cells. NK cells are derived from CD34(+) ...hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Human umbilical cord blood (UCB) has been recognized as a rich source of HSCs. Previously, we have reported an optimized serum-free medium for ex vivo expansion of CD34(+) cells from UCB. In this study, the serum-free, expanded CD34(+) cells were tested to differentiate into NK cells and their induction kinetics. After 5 weeks of induction, the induced NK cells were characterized by analysis of surface antigens, IFN-gamma secretion, and cytotoxicity against K562 cells. The results indicated that NK cells derived from the serum-free, expanded CD34(+) cells exhibited both characteristics and functions of NK cells. Furthermore, the serum-free, expanded CD34(+) cells showed a significantly higher NK cell differentiation potential than freshly isolated CD34(+) cells. NK cells induced from serum-free, expanded CD34(+) cells showed a higher concentration of IFN-gamma secretion and ability of cytotoxicity than those from freshly isolated CD34(+) cells. Therefore, ex vivo-expanded CD34(+) cells in optimized serum-free medium could differentiate into NK cells and provided a promising cell source for immunotherapeutic approaches.
Current approaches of polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) treatment mostly rely on transferring from the liquid phase to other phases (gas and solid), leaving secondary pollution risks. In this study, ...biodegradation of PDMS in wastewater was found with activated sludge collected from real wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The highest biodegradation rates of dodecamethylpentasiloxane (L5) and tetradecamethylhexasiloxane (L6) reached up to 58.3% and 21.4% within 5-day anaerobic incubation at 37 °C under shaking at 100 rpm. Moreover, the microbial communities were investigated by using Illumina high-throughput sequencing of 16S-rRNA, which pointed Clostridium spp. as a potential candidate responsible for the biodegradation of PDMS under anaerobic condition. Notably, this is the first report of effective biodegradation of PDMS by microbes in activated sludge. This study could open up possibilities for bioavailable methods to depollute other emerging organic pollutants in water.
•Biodegradation of polydimethyl siloxanes in wastewater was achieved.•Up to 58.3% of dodecamethylpentasiloxane was biodegraded in the study.•Up to 21.4% of tetradecamethylhexasiloxane was biodegraded in the study.•Clostridium spp. play a key role in polydimethyl siloxanes biodegradation.
0.91Pb(Zn sub(1/3)Nb sub(2/3))O sub(3)-0.09PbTiO sub(3) (PZN-9%PT) single crystals with different orientations are investigated by using a spectroscopic ellipsometer, and the refractive indices and ...the extinction coefficients are obtained. The Sellmeier dispersion equations for the refractive indices are obtained by the least square fitting, which can be used to calculate the refractive indices in a low absorption wavelength range. Average Sellmeier oscillator parameters E sub(o), lambda sub(o), S sub(o), and E sub(d) are calculated by fitting with the single-term oscillator equation, which are related directly to the electronic energy band structure. The optical energy bandgaps are obtained from the absorption coefficient spectra. Our results show that the optical properties of 001 and 111 poled crystals are very similar, but quite different from those of the 011 poled crystal.
The present study was designed to examine the anti-hyperuricemic and anti-inflammatory effects and possible mechanisms of vaticaffinol, a resveratrol tetramer isolated from ethanol extracts of ...Dipterocarpus alatus, in oxonate-induced hyperuricemic mice. At 1 h after 250 mg·kg−1 potassium oxonate was given, vaticaffinol at 20, 40, and 60 mg·kg−1 was intragastrically administered to hyperuricemic mice once daily for seven consecutive days. Vaticaffinol significantly decreased serum uric acid levels and improved kidney function in hyperuricemic mice. It inhibited hepatic activity of xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) and xanthine oxidase (XOD), regulated renal mRNA and protein levels of urate transporter 1 (URAT1), glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9), organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1), organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1), OCT2, organic cation/carnitine transporter 1 (OCTN1), and OCTN2 in hyperuricemic mice. Moreover, vaticaffinol markedly down-regulated renal protein levels of NOD-like receptor 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like (ASC), and Caspase-1, resulting in the reduction of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in this animal model. Additionally, HPLC and LC-MS analyses clearly testified the presence of vaticaffinol in the crude extract. These results suggest that vaticaffinol may be useful for the prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia with kidney inflammation.
