Abstract Neurorehabilitation of poststroke cognitive impairments is an important medical problem. The purpose of the present study was to estimate the efficacy of new methods of restoration of ...impaired cognitive functions using computer correction programs. 43 poststroke patients aged 57–69, (male — 23, female — 20) were randomized into two groups. First group patients have been treated with the standard methods and supplementary neuropsychological computer training for 14 days, 25–35 min of duration per day. Control group received standard treatment according to Federal and local medical recommendations. Initial and achieved levels of cognitive functioning were estimated with the use of Mini Mental State Examination, Frontal Assessment Battery, the Clock Drawing Test, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Schulte's test, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. We found that including the computer correction programs into the complex protocol of rehabilitation of post-stroke patients confirmed their efficacy in both clinical aspects and the Patient Global Impression Scale. Although the results are encouraging, further studies are required with larger samples and longer follow-up to identify characteristics of those patients who are most likely to benefit from computer training of cognitive functions.
At the present time, distant rehabilitation is a relevant direction in restorative medicine. The article considers existing projects in remote rehabilitation, including a self-rehabilitation method ...developed by academician K.V. Lyadov, the Guided Self-Rehabilitation Contracts system (GSC) etc. The authors present an original project of a remote rehabilitation website 'NeuroHouse' designed for the restoration of balance and gait functions, wrist fine motor skills and speech, spasticity management in patients with neurological diseases. The project combines proprietary rehabilitation methods and classical exercise therapy. This website will make it possible to implement the third ambulatory stage of medical rehabilitation at home.
Objective: to evaluate the efficiency of using computer stimulation programs (CSPs) for acute ischemic stroke (IS) in patients with cognitive impairment (CI).Patients and methods. 81 patients aged 40 ...to 79 years with post-stroke CI (PSCI) were examined and randomized into two groups. A study group consisted of 45 people, including 31 and 14 patients with predementia CI and mild dementia, respectively; their median age was 61 55; 68 years. A comparison group included 36 patients, including 21 and 15 patients with predementia CI and mild dementia; their median age was 64 57; 70 years. In addition to standard stroke therapy, the study group received a ten-day correction cycle for CI, by using CSPs.Cognitive functions (CF) were evaluated before and after classes, by applying a short mental status questionnaire (SMSQ), a battery of frontal lobe dysfunction tests (BFLDT), a clock drawing test, and a speech activity test.Results. After 10 days of therapy (at 18–20 days of IS), the patients were observed to have statistically significant improvements of cognitive functions in all major neuropsychological scales: SMSQ, BFLDT, a clock drawing test, and a speech activity test (p>0.05).Assessing the total indicators of SMSQ subtests in both groups showed that the study group achieved statistically significant differences in memory, time and place orientation, and concentration. In the study group, the total values of BFTLD subtests were also statistically better in indicators, such as speech fluency (by 33.0%), dynamic praxis (by 23.3%), a simple choice reaction (by 30.0%), and a complicated choice reaction (by 26.7%). At the same time, not only trained functions (attention, memory), but also other cognitive indicators improved. Re-examination demonstrated that the achieved results persisted 6-8 months later.Conclusion. CSPs are a promising area of neurorehabilitation. The method is effective, easy-to-use; the patients can do lessons at hospital and at home after discharge in the presence of relatives or themselves. Further investigations will be able to evaluate the effectiveness of CSPs in patients with PSCI in the later periods of IS.
The article describes a clinical case of a female patient with Alzheimer’s disease at an early stage of the neurodegenerative process. The patient did not have any complaints. She was taken to the ...neuropsychologist by her husband who was concerned by the patient’s family history (his mother-in-law suffered from Alzheimer’s disease) and some memory problems that his wife had recently encountered. The diagnosis was suspected based on the results of neuropsychological evaluation of cognitive functions corresponding to mild cognitive impairment. To confirm the presence of a neurodegenerative disease, brain positron-emission tomography with F-18 fluorodesoxyglucose (FDG) was performed. Hypometabolism of the radio-tracer was detected in the cortex of temporal and parietal lobes, in the association cortex of the left temporal and the right occipital lobes, and in the posterior part of the left cyngulate gyrus. These findings correlated with the patient’s cognitive evaluation and thus provided the nosological diagnosis at an early stage of the disease.
FEATURES OF TAXATION OF PERSONAL INCOME Gorodilov, M.A; Koryagina, A.R
AZIMUTH OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH: ECONOMICS AND ADMINISTRATION,
11/2020, Letnik:
9, Številka:
33
Journal Article
A rapid procedure for determining adducts of sulfur mustard (SM) with blood plasma proteins is developed and validated. The procedure is based on the isolation, washing, and drying of proteins from ...0.5 mL of blood plasma, the hydrolysis of dry proteins with conc. hydrochloric acid, the addition of naphthalene-D
8
as an internal standard, the extraction of SM and naphthalene-D
8
with hexane, and the concentration of the extract under nitrogen to 0.05 mL followed by —an analysis by GC–MS/MS. The procedure showed good linearity for the analyte concentrations 1–100 ng mL
–1
, acceptable reproducibility, and proven selectivity (no matrix effects were observed). The limit of detection and the limit of quantitation for spiked plasma samples were 0.5 and 1 ng mL
–1
, respectively. The developed procedure was used to investigate the stability of blood plasma exposed to SM after 35 days of storage at 4 and 30°C. A possibility of the detection of SM in blood plasma in concentrations from 5 to 50 ng mL
–1
was maintained for 35 days regardless of the sample storage temperature.
The review considers and summarizes separation and preconcentration methods used in the determination of toxicants of the 1st hazard class, namely, organophosphorus nerve agents (a group of Vx ...isomers, sarin, cyclosarin, soman, and tabun) and blister agents (sulfur mustard).
We studied the stability of plasma samples spiked with sulfur mustard (SM) and urine samples spiked with the SM metabolite, 1,1'-sulfonylbis2-(methylsulfinyl)ethane (SBMSE), upon long-term storage. ...The stability of biomarkers in biomedical samples was evaluated by measuring the concentrations of spiking chemicals during the storage at 4 and 30°C. Plasma samples were analyzed by GC–MS/MS for SM regenerated from protein adducts under the action of conc. HCl and by HPLC–HR-MS/MS for albumin adduct S-HETE-CPF. Urine was analyzed for intact SBMSE by HPLC–HR-MS/MS, and SBMSE reduced to 1,1'-sulfonylbis2-(methylthio)ethane was determined after its conversion with TiCl
3
followed by GC–MS/MS measurements. A reference compound of SBMSE was synthesized and characterized in terms of authenticity and quantitative content. Procedures for the quantification of SM markers in biomedical samples in the concentration range 1–100 ng mL
–1
were validated. The plasma samples were stable upon storage at 4 and 30°С for at least 41 days after spiking, whereas the urine samples proved to be unstable upon long-term storage at elevated temperatures. The results of the present study can be taken into account in selecting conditions for the transportation and storage of biosamples and for interpreting the results of the determination of the SM biomarker in samples from individuals affected in incidents related to exposure to sulfur mustard.
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