The article presents results of the calculation of pollutants emitted into the atmospheric air in Chita. The approach to the zoning of the city territory with a population of more than 350 thousand ...people is described. By the results of calculation and assessment of health risks, which are based on the data of modeling the dispersion of harmful impurities, the zones of exposure to chemical impurities were identified. The zoning by the risk degree is relevant for assessing the danger to the population and the impact on the environment. The list of priority impurities was substantiated, taking into account carcinogenic and/or non-carcinogenic risks, and the results of calculations of dispersion and allocation of marker indicators for emissions from enterprises that make the greatest contributions to the air pollution. The methods used in Chita help identify areas with the greatest risks to public health.
The Russian sector of the arctic shelf is the longest in the world. Quite a lot of places of massive discharge of bubble methane from the seabed into the water column and further into the atmosphere ...were found there. This natural phenomenon requires an extensive complex of geological, biological, geophysical, and chemical studies. This article is devoted to aspects of the use of a complex of marine geophysical equipment applied in the Russian sector of the arctic shelf for the detection and study of areas of the water and sedimentary strata with increased saturation with natural gases, as well as a description of some of the results obtained. This complex contains a single-beam scientific high-frequency echo sounder and multibeam system, a sub-bottom profiler, ocean-bottom seismographs, and equipment for continuous seismoacoustic profiling and electrical exploration. The experience of using the above equipment and the examples of the results obtained in the Laptev Sea have shown that these marine geophysical methods are effective and of particular importance for solving most problems related to the detection, mapping, quantification, and monitoring of underwater gas release from the bottom sediments of the shelf zone of the arctic seas, as well as the study of upper and deeper geological roots of gas emission and their relationship with tectonic processes. Geophysical surveys have a significant performance advantage compared to any contact methods. The large-scale application of a wide range of marine geophysical methods is essential for a comprehensive study of the geohazards of vast shelf zones, which have significant potential for economic use.
A complex of works including geomorphological deciphering, field survey, drilling, electric prospecting, and dating of deposits using the radiocarbon method and optically stimulated luminescence are ...used for the interpretation of the Late Quaternary evolution of the western part of the Turan–Uyuk Basin. It is established that the total thickness of the deposits of the basin reaches 190 m. The Late Quaternary evolution of the basin includes the following main stages: (1) accumulation of alluvium and active lateral migrations of the Uyuk riverbed and simultaneous sedimentation of lacustrine sequences in the basin of the Belye lakes during most of the Late Pleistocene (at least, beginning from 77–87 ka) and the first part of the Holocene (prior to 6.1–6.2 ka); the formation of floodplain massifs of the 1st and 2nd generations; the internal delta of the Uyuk River, which dams the present-day Belye lakes, started to form no later than 25–16 ka; (2) the increase in freshet activity and activation of deep and lateral erosion between 6.1–6.2 and 2.4–2.6 ka; the formation of the 3rd generation floodplain; (3) the decrease in freshet activity and the size of the paleoriverbeds, the predominance of lateral migrations of the riverbed, and accumulation of alluvium in the last 2.4–2.6 ka; the formation of the 4th generation floodplain. The last stage is characterized by a shorter period of strong activation of cryogenesis. Permafrost began to form no earlier than 2.8 ka, and cryogenesis was mostly active at 1.35–1.10 ka. The Late Pleistocene stage of accumulation was preceded by a strong downcutting of the Uyuk valley, probably caused by the activation of tectonic movements. The chronological boundaries of this downcutting are determined only approximately: between 360–380 and 77–87 ka. The presence of a large dam lake, which occupied the central and western part of the basin and was suggested by some researchers, is not confirmed.
Recent years of increasing air temperature in the Arctic have led to a significant increase in the rate of retreat of permafrost coast, which has threatened livelihoods and infrastructure in these ...areas. The Kara Sea hosts more than 25% of the total Arctic coastline. However, little is known about how coastal erosion in the Kara Sea may have changed through time, and the climatic and environmental drivers remain unclear. Here we study coastal dynamics along a 4‐km stretch of permafrost and sea‐ice‐affected coastline in south‐west Baydaratskaya Bay of the Kara Sea, western Siberia, between 2005 and 2016, by using handheld differential GPS mapping and satellite imagery. We identified temporal and spatial variations in the retreat rates, ranging between 1.0 (+0.1/−0.6) and 1.9 (+0.7/−1.3) m/yr over the studied coastline during 2005–2016. We also made ground temperature measurements, subsurface resistivity measurements and estimates of wave energy flux of wind‐driven ocean waves, to investigate the dominant climatic factors influencing the observed retreat rates through time. We found that wind‐driven wave activity during sea‐ice‐free days influences the magnitude of coastal retreat in the study area, while recent temperature rise has contributed less to enhancing coastal retreat during the study period. This suggests that the amount of eroded sediment and the associated release of nutrient to the nearshore zone are controlled by the magnitude of wave activity, which may influence infrastructure along the permafrost coast and marine ecosystems in the proximal ocean.
The authors presented results of hygienic evaluation of ambient air quality in area influenced by oil extraction wells, primary oil processing devices, squeeze stations and other oil extraction ...objects, using criteria - adherence to hygienic requirements and allowable risk levels for public health. Findings are that due to substantial technologic, organizational changes and innovations in oil extraction industry chamicals content of air at MAC levels and allowable levels of inhalation risk in acute and chronic exposure for majority of the objects studied are reached on considerably shorter distances from industrial area, than it is preset by actual sanitary rules and regulations. Levels of hygienic safety at the objects indicate possible revision of sanitary classification toward reducing the size of approximate sanitary protective zones.
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Testing of modern innovative field methods of engineering geocryological research, master classes by leading specialists of engineering geocryological surveys, and verification of the measurement ...equipment for thermal field ground massif research were carried out during the Zvenigorod Winter Educational Scientific Geocryological Field Practice for the fourth-year students and the Day of Science and Innovation at the Zvenigorod Biological Station of Moscow State University. The necessity for integration of innovative methods has been shown.
In the article, we have presented the technical and the technological aspects of the design and the construction of forestry mounted equipment proposed criteria for study and assessment of the drive ...system of a mounted Gripping-cuts off device for tractors of small pulling classes
The evolution of lakes and lacustrine sedimentation for the Sayan Tuva Highland in South Siberia was investigated. It is notable that the most humid conditions during the whole Holocene occurred ...nearly simultaneously (between 7300 and 7600 years BP) for the areas south, north, and within the Sayan Tuva Highland proper. This indicates westerlies as the most probable precipitation source in Central Eurasia in this period.
The Panda experiment is a key experiment at FAIR – European Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research, which is in the development stage in Darmstadt (Germany). The physical program of the experiment ...is focused on the search for exotic particles, research on hadron spectroscopy, the structure of nucleons, nuclear-matter effects, hypernuclei, and in other areas. New experimental forms of matter predicted by theory – glueballs and hybrids – are of great interest. They have not yet been observed. The PANDA facility will be assembled in the storage ring of the HESR antiproton beam. Antiprotons with energy from 1.5 to 15 GeV will be accumulated in the ring. Up to 2·10
7
interactions/sec are expected on the internal hydrogen (cluster or corpuscular) target. In addition to the high luminosity of the experiment (2·10
32
cm
–2
·sec
–1
), the beam will be monochromatic. Because of stochastic and electronic cooling, pulsed stretching of the beam is expected to be at the level 10
–4
–10
–5
, which makes it possible to measure the mass of the particles with record high resolution 100 keV. Domestic institutes are participating in the development of the PANDA facility.
Maximum magnetic resonance artifacts from stents are often determined by the presence of ferromagnetic compounds in the delivery system. We propose a mathematic model describing artifacts caused by ...nitinol stents. A method for evaluation of critical radial rigidity of the stents was developed.
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