Field assessments of resistance to powdery mildew of 103 hop cultivars, analyses of hop essential oil and correlation between the score for powdery mildew and the relative percentage of essential oil ...compounds were performed over three years. Seven susceptibility markers (peaks 29 (methyl-5-methyl-hexanoate), 30 (myrcene), 34 (iso-amyl-iso-butyrate), 38 (1-8-cineole), 56 (methyl-octanoate), 88 (methyl decanoate) and 122 (undetermined peak)) and seven resistance markers (peaks 112 (santalene), 114 (germacrene-D), 118 (alpha-selinene), 138 (cariophylene epoxide), 26, 135 and 158 (undetermined peaks)) were selected from peaks with a positive or negative correlation between powdery mildew scores and their presence in the essential oil of extremely susceptible or resistance cultivars. The number and value of resistance/susceptibility markers decreased with an increase in the level of cultivar susceptibility/resistance. Susceptible cultivars mainly appeared to contain North American germplasm, while more resistant cultivars belong to European hops. Analysis of the presence/absence of the selected markers showed that the absence of susceptibility markers, particularly 30, 34 and 38, can be of practical value in resistance hop breeding.
Field assessments of resistance to powdery mildew of 103 hop cultivars, analyses of hop essential oil and correlation between the score for powdery mildew and the relative percentage of essential oil ...compounds were performed over three years. Seven susceptibility markers (peaks 29 (methyl-5-methyl-hexanoate), 30 (myrcene), 34 (iso-amyl-iso-butyrate), 38 (1-8-cineole), 56 (methyl-octanoate), 88 (methyl decanoate) and 122 (undetermined peak)) and seven resistance markers (peaks 112 (santalene), 114 (germacrene-D), 118 (alpha-selinene), 138 (cariophylene epoxide), 26, 135 and 158 (undetermined peaks)) were selected from peaks with a positive or negative correlation between powdery mildew scores and their presence in the essential oil of extremely susceptible or resistance cultivars. The number and value of resistance/susceptibility markers decreased with an increase in the level of cultivar susceptibility/resistance. Susceptible cultivars mainly appeared to contain North American germplasm, while more resistant cultivars belong to European hops. Analysis of the presence/absence of the selected markers showed that the absence of susceptibility markers, particularly 30, 34 and 38, can be of practical value in resistance hop breeding.
V raziskavi so bila izvedena opazovanja poljske odpornosti 103 sort hmelja na hmeljevo pepelovko v treh letih, analizirana so bila eterična olja hmelja vseh sort z določenimi relativnimi deleži posameznih komponent ter njihove korelacije z oceno poljske odpornosti na hmeljevo pepelovko. Sedem markerjev, povezanih z občutljivostjo (vrhovi 29 (metil-5-metil-heksanoat), 30 (mircen), 34 (izo-amil-izo-butirat), 38 (1-8-cineol), 56 (metil-oktanoat), 88 (metil dekanoat) in 122 (nedeterminiran vrh)) in sedem povezanih z odpornostjo na hmeljevo pepelovko (piki 112 (santalen), 114 (germakren-D), 118 (alfa-selinen), 138 (kariofilen epoksid), 26, 135 in 158 (nedeterminirani piki)) so bili izbrani na osnovi pozitivnih ali negativnih korelacij s poljskimi ocenami odpornosti na hmeljevo pepelovko in prisotnostjo vrhov v eteričnem olju ekstremno občutljivih in odpornih sort. Število in vrednost markerjev povezanih z odpornostjo/občutljivostjo se je zmanjšala s povečanjem stopnje občutljivosti/odpornosti sort. Občutljive sorte na hmeljevo pepelovko večinoma vključujejo severnoameriško dednino, medtem ko odpornejše sorte izvirajo iz evropske dednine. Analiza prisotnosti/odsotnosti izbranih markerjev kaže na praktično uporabnost odsotnosti markerjev povezanih z občutljivostjo, zlasti 30, 34 in 38 v žlahtnjenju hmelja v smeri odpornosti na hmeljevo pepelovko.
Aim: The aim of this paper was to establish a link between the promotion of breastfeeding and the
interventions of the visiting nurse.
Methods: The study was conducted in 2012 in the city of Đakovo ...and the surrounding area. The
questionnaire was filled out by mothers after leaving the maternity ward, during the first visit of the
community health nurse within the first seven days after the labor.
Results: From a total of 154 parturient women who filled in a survey after they had left the hospital,
the decision about breastfeeding before the pregnancy was made by 58.4% of examinees. Primiparas
from the city were older than primiparas from the surrounding rural area (p<0.001). Mothers received
the majority of information about the proper placement of the child on the chest after birth from
nurses in the maternity hospital (56.3% of the examinees). The study showed that 57.9% of the
examinees had the support of their husband during lactation. The visiting nurses’ first visit was within
seven days after delivery at the home of 121 (78.6%) examinees, showing good awareness and
collaboration between secondary and primary health care.
Conclusion: This research has confirmed that breastfeeding promotion and nursing interventions
have a major impact on breastfeeding.
The evaluation of the biomechanical status of human hip joint was performed. Required parameters were assessed from standard antero-posterior rentgenographs and the value of contact stress on the ...weight bearing area is calculated. We analysed 45 dysplastic human hips and compared measured values to 81 healthy hips. The peak contact stress on the weight bearing area is considerably and statistically significantly higher in dysplastic hips compared to healthy hips. The Wiberg centre-edge angle is statistically significantly smaller in group of dysplastic hips compared to healthy hips.
The evaluation of the biomechanical status of human hip joint was performed. Required parameters were assessed from standard antero-posterior rentgenographs and the value of contact stress on the ...weight bearing area is calculated. We analysed 45 dysplastic human hips and compared measured values to 81 healthy hips. The peak contact stress on the weight bearing area is considerably and statistically significantly higher in dysplastic hips compared to healthy hips. The Wiberg centre-edge angle is statistically significantly smaller in group of dysplastic hips compared to healthy hips.
Stanovništvo Hrvatske završilo je svoju “demografsku tranziciju“ i ubraja se u “stara stanovništva“ s visokim udjelom stanovništva starijeg od 65 godina. Trendovi ukazuju na loše stanje “demografskog ...zdravlja“ što predstavlja značajan izazov za održivi razvoj društva u cjelini, ali i za sam zdravstveni sustav koji će morati odgovoriti na zdravstvene potrebe sve većeg broja starijeg stanovništva. Teret bolesti koje nosi stanovništvo Hrvatske govori da je ono prošlo kroz tzv. "epidemiološku tranziciju" iz vremena u kojima su najveći teret za stanovništvo bile zarazne bolesti, u vrijeme u kojem su to postale kronične nezarazne bolesti.
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