The aim of the article is to characterize representations of the history and historicalcultural heritage of the Buryats in the pages of the
Sibirskie Ogni
journal from the early 1920s to the late ...1980s in the context of state memory politics. The methodological framework of the study was the field of “Memory Studies.” Conclusions were drawn about the intense ideologization of the historical past of the Buryats on the pages of the
Sibirskie Ogni
journal at all stages of the Soviet period, as well as the journal's disregard for Buryat heritage associated with the traditions of Buddhist East. Six stages of representation were identified. In the first stage (1920s), Buryat authors freely wrote in the journal about Buryat history, expressed historical grievances against Russia, and sought recognition of the value of Buryat historical-cultural heritage. In the second stage (1930s), only articles by Russian authors about Buryat history in a critical tone were published in the journal. In the third stage (1940s-1950s),
Sibirskie Ogni
journal printed articles with crushing criticism of inconvenient versions of Buryat history presented in national literature. In the fourth stage (1960s-1970s), Buryat history was not discussed at all in the journal. In the fifth stage (1980s), a flourishing of Buryat culture was proclaimed under the influence of Soviet leadership. After the collapse of the USSR, much was rethought and perceived as a historical mistake. The
Sibirskie Ogni
journal began publishing articles again on Buryat literary traditions, epic poetry, etc.
The relevance of the problem of searching in information retrieval systems for placing orders for interlibrary exchange is highlighted. The value of the search tools of Russian and foreign ...information and library structures that provide document metadata is revealed. The search potential of the IRS is identified, analyzed, and generalized. The special contribution of integration systems to ensuring effective searching, ordering, and delivery of documents on interlibrary loans is emphasized. A basic algorithm for information retrieval in systems of the web environment is proposed.
The article traces the dynamics of representations of the historical past of Yakutia in the publications of the monthly literary, artistic and socio-political magazine “Siberian Lights”. This issue ...is considered in the context of the processes of constructing the Soviet policy of memory throughout the entire period of the existence of the USSR. The relevance of the study is due to the increased attention to the specifics of historical knowledge presented in the public space, to its structures, interpretations and use for political and ideological purposes in the past and present. The novelty of the study is seen in the fact that until now the history of journal representations of the past of Yakutia in the context of state policy has not become the subject of independent scientific research. The study made it possible to identify the contexts that determined the specifics of creating journal representations of the history of Yakutia. The author established and characterized five stages of this representation. It is shown how the meanings and techniques of the politics of memory that were behind the approaches to the description and characteristics of the past of Yakutia changed. It is proved that the differences between approaches to representations were determined by the tendencies of strengthening and weakening the political and ideological control of the state in the field of memory politics and nation building.
The results of the preparation of strengthened syntactic carbon materials that can be used for industrial-grade heat insulation in conditions of heightened pressures and temperatures are presented. ...Strengthened syntactic carbon material is obtained by mixing hollow carbon microspheres, pre-treated with vanadium (III) chloride catalyst, with a phenol-formaldehyde binder with the addition of fine polydimethylsilane, molding the composition at low pressure, soaking the mold at 150°C for 2 h, followed by heat treatment in an inert environment at 375°C and final carbonization in combination with carbidization when the temperature rises at a rate of 100 K/h to 900°C. The physicomechanical and thermophysical characteristics were studied. Syntactic material can be used for the manufacture of heat-insulation products operating at high temperatures.
Currently, in the geography of tourism, a research field is rapidly developing that studies the dynamics and direction of tourist flows, based on official statistics at the level of states, regions, ...and lower administrative units. In 2022, the Federal State Statistics Service of Russia for the first time provided statistics on arrivals and overnight stays in municipalities of the country, which allowed the authors to classify them according to these indicators for 2021 in the Northwestern Federal District. The classification of municipalities was based on six indicators characterizing the volume of tourist flow and degree of development of the hotel and restaurant infrastructure. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Northwestern Federal District experienced a significant reduction in tourist flow volume in 2020. However, with a sevenfold decrease in inbound tourist flow, the domestic tourist flow decreased only by a quarter. As well, already in 2021, in the federal district, the domestic tourist flow increased by almost 1.5 times, which allowed it to replace the decrease in the inbound tourist flow in the first year of the pandemic by more than a third. The cartographic analysis accompanying the development of the classification of municipal districts made it possible to spot intraregional differences in the size of the tourist flow and development of tourist infrastructure unseen when analyzing tourism statistics at the regional level. Thus, the study revealed a number of tourist anomalies within regions, when the volume of tourist flow does not correspond to the degree of development of the existing hotel and restaurant infrastructure. The results of the study can be used in planning the development of tourism.
Over the last decade, a number of hydrogels attracted great attention in the area of brain tissue engineering. The hydrogels are composed of hydrophilic polymers forming 3D network in water. Their ...function is promoting structural and functional restoration of damaged brain tissues by providing mechanical support and navigating cell fate. This paper reports on the neurocompatibility of chitosan-g-oligo(L,L-lactide) copolymer hydrogel with primary rat cortical neuron culture. The hydrogel was produced by a molding technique on the base of photocurable composition consisting of chitosan-g-oligo(L,L-lactide) copolymer, poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate and photosensitizer Irgacure 2959. The influence of the hydrogel on cell viability, phenotype and calcium homeostasis, mitochondrial potential and oxygen consumption rate in glutamate excitotoxicity was analyzed using primary neuron cultures obtained from a neonatal rat cortex. This study revealed that the hydrogel is non-cytotoxic. Dissociated neonatal rat cortical cells were actively attaching to the hydrogel surface and exhibited the phenotype, calcium homeostasis and mitochondrial function in both standard conditions and glutamate excitotoxicity (100 M) similar to the control cells cultured without the hydrogel. To conclude, in this study we assessed the feasibility of the application of chitosan-g-oligo(L,L-lactide) copolymer hydrogel for tissue engineering therapy of brain injury in an in vitro model. The results support that the hydrogel is able to sustain realization of the functional metabolic activity of neonatal rat cortical cells in response to glutamate excitotoxicity.
Tourism suffered more than many other sectors amid Covid-19 travel restrictions. This article looks at the impact of the pandemic on the territorial redistribution of tourist flows in the Baltic ...region. The study draws on regional annual and monthly data on international and domestic tourist arrivals between 2019 and 2021, available on the websites of the statistical offices of the Baltic Region countries. The regions earlier dependent on tourist arrivals from Russia experienced the largest drop in inbound tourism during the Covid-19 pandemic. Yet, domestic tourism burgeoned in most of the region’s countries. In 2021, the most dramatic increase in domestic arrivals occurred, year on year, in the border regions of Russia’s Northwest Federal District; the growth was also notable in Finland and the Baltic States. Domestic tourist flow compensated, partially or even fully, for the decrease in inbound tourist flow in most regions. The structure of inbound tourism changed markedly during the pandemic, with the share of tourists from the Baltic States growing. The strongest rise was in some regions of southern Finland and more modest in Latvia and Lithuania.
Mechanical damage to the primary neuronal culture serves as a convenient in vitro model for studying the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the spread of the lesion in mechanical brain ...trauma. In this study, changes in the intracellular concentrations of Ca
2+
(Ca
2+
i
) and Na
+
(Na
+
i
), as well as mitochondrial potential (ΔΨ
m
) in response to mechanical damage to the primary culture of rat cortical neurons were studied. Rapid (within 1–2 s) damage to the neuronal network in the form of an approximately 3 × 0.1-mm scratch caused an abrupt increase in Ca
2+
i
and Na
+
i
as well as a sharp drop in ΔΨ
m
. There was a gradual recovery of these parameters to the basal level in ~78% of the cells that responded to the culture damage. The second phase of the Ca
2+
i
rise (delayed calcium deregulation, DCD), synchronous with a marked drop in ΔΨ
m
, occurred in 22% of the cells. In such cells, Na
+
i
remained at the level of a high plateau. The addition of insulin (100 nM) 5 min before the mechanical damage reduced the proportion of neurons that had DCD and a sustained increase in Na
+
i
. Thus, the presence of insulin contributed to the normalization of Ca
2+
and Na
+
homeostasis and the functioning of mitochondria, which were impaired under the in vitro simulation of mechanical brain trauma.
The dynamics of the memory policy aimed at forming in the historical memory of the readership of the Siberian Lights Magazine of the 1920s-1940s ideas about the historical past and traditional ...culture of Altai people is traced in the article. The relevance of the study is due to the growing attention to the features of historical knowledge in the public space, its structuring, the means of conceptual interpretation and the use in the processes of political self-regulation of society at various stages of development. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that the history of the state policy of memory in relation to the past of Gorny Altai in its substantive and procedural aspects has not yet become the subject of independent scientific research. The contexts and conditions of creating journal representations of the historical past of Gorny Altai are revealed. The list of the authors covering this topic is characterized, as well as the factors that influenced the creation of journal representations of the history of the Altai people. The stages of this representation are established and characterized. It is shown how the memory policy techniques used by the authors of this journal at different stages changed. It is proved that at the stage of the 1920s, the Siberian Lights served as a platform for polemics of historians and subjects of regional politics, relatively independent in relation to the central government. At the second stage of the 1930s - 1940s, the authors of the journal were included, first of all, in the process of implementing the policy of memory of the central authorities.
The paper is devoted to a historiographical review of the literature dedicated to the study of the history of the Russian necropolis in Japan and the prospects for further research on this topic. The ...external conditions of increasing interest in the topic of the history of the Russian necropolis abroad are characterized. The definition of the historical necropolis is given. The review is structured according to the chronological principle. The main studies of Japanese and Russian historians are revealed. The authors identified the primary studies in Russian and Japanese and concluded that is not much research on the history of the Russian necropolis in Japan until the end of the twentieth century, but the relevance of this topic in the past three decades. The paper shows the predominant exhaustion of the subject within the framework of traditional necropolistics. The paper proposes possible options for further study of the history of the Russian necropolis in Japan within discipline Memory studies and also with the use of cultural anthropology, social history and political sciences approaches.
PDF
