Summary
As plant breeding is a very complex and sophisticated process, it is of paramount importance to understand the nature and magnitude of interdependence between specific plant features. Using ...PCA and correlation analysis, this study examined the variability in features of two types of inbred sunflower lines and determined its connection with their seed yields. The experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with four replications in Rimski Šančevi (the experimental field of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad) in 2018 and 2019. It examined a total of nine inbred sunflower lines created at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad. The results obtained suggest a high degree of variability in the examined traits of inbred sunflower lines considered, whereas the significance indicated by the F test was confirmed by the Duncan test performed. A high degree of variability was also found between the different types of inbred lines considered. A positive correlation was found between all four traits observed in the inbred sunflower lines considered, with different levels of significance. A statistically significant positive increase in the head diameter was followed by an increase in the weight of 1000 seeds, which generated a higher seed yield per unit area. According to the arrangement of different types of inbred lines considered on the PCA biplot, it can be concluded that the linoleic inbred lines G7
L
and G8
L
had the highest average values of the 1000-seed weight, head diameter and seed yield throughout the course of both experimental years. The useful data obtained by PCA analysis can facilitate successful selection programs aimed at developing sunflower genotypes that possess high stability and seed yields.
A non-invasive bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) and Cole–Cole impedance model parameters (R0, R∞, τ and α) were used to analyze electrical properties of intact and stripped human skin for both gender ...subjects divided into younger and older age groups. R0, R∞ and τ significantly increased while α significantly decreased with age in stripped skin for both genders (p<0.031). Using pooled data with respect to age, gender and skin stripping, R0, R∞ and τ values were shown to increase with age (p<0.0034), R0, τ and α were different between genders (p<0.024) and R0, R∞ and τ decreased with skin stripping (p<0.000008). All of four Cole–Cole parameters were age dependent with specific differences observed for genders and intact and stripped skin layers. Therefore, Cole–Cole parameters, obtained by non-invasive BIS measurements, are a new type of age dependent biomarkers.
•Cole-Cole parameters (R0, R∞, τ and α) obtained by non-invasive bioimpedance spectroscopy of human skin are age dependent biomarkers.•R0, R∞ and τ significantly increased while α significantly decreased with age in stripped skin for both genders.•R0, τ and α were different between genders.•R0, R∞ and τ decreased with skin stripping.
Maize is one of the most important field crops with broad genetic and phenotypic variations. It occupies an important place in agricultural production in the world as in Serbia. The main aim of maize ...breeding is to obtain new inbred lines, i.e. to identify new hybrid combinations that will surpass existing hybrids in terms of grain yield and other important traits. The aim of this study was to examine the phenotypic variability of 10 NS maize hybrids of different genetic bases and maturity groups in agroecological conditions in Rimski Šančevi, to consider the interdependence of grain yield and other tested traits using PCA and correlation analysis. The obtained results indicate a significant variation of all examined properties except for the ear length. The significance of the difference indicated by the F test was confirmed by the Duncan test. Correlation coefficients indicate a significant positive interdependence between the mass of 1000 grains and the ear length (r = 0.698). PCA analysis provided a more complex analysis of the interdependencies of the examined traits and grain yield. The highest yields were achieved by hybrids that simultaneously showed high values of several yield components. Yields ranged from 11,210 kg ha-1 in the G-10 hybrid (FAO 600), to 14,790 kg ha-1 in the G-3 hybrid (FAO 400). In this study, hybrids of earlier maturity achieved higher grain yields, mainly due to drought tolerance. Therefore, the goal is to create drought-tolerant maize hybrids that will successfully endure the negative consequences of global warming.
The storage stability of catechins, procyanidins, and total flavonoids in dark chocolate was investigated. The obtained results showed that the degradation of flavonoids followed first-order reaction ...kinetics. Temperature-dependent degradation was modelled on the Arrhenius equation. The activation energy for the degradation of dark chocolate flavonoids during storage was 61.2 kJ/mol. During storage, flavonoids degraded more rapidly at 35°C (k = 7.8 × 10–3/day) than at 22°C (k = 5.4 × 10–3/day) and 4°C (k = 2.2 × 10–3/day).
Electrical impedance measurement data and fractional calculus have been utilized for modeling bioimpedance properties of human skin. We introduced and proposed revisited Cole model using modified ...distributed order operator based on the Caputo-Weyl fractional derivatives. Our proposed model presents essentially modified single-dispersion Cole model, since it introduces a new parameters k and σ in single-dispersion Cole impedance equation. These parameters characterize the width of interval around fractional index α and they are important for more accurate describing bioimpedance properties of human skin. The impedance spectrum was measured in a finite frequency range up to 100 kHz. Our proposed modified Cole model fits much better to experimental curve in a given frequency range compared to existing Cole models. The fitting is done using the Levenberg-Marquardt nonlinear least squares.
Despite that water is one of the most studied materials today its dynamic
properties are still not well understood. Water state in human organism is of
high importance for normal healthy functioning ...of human body. Different kinds
of water are usually classified according to its present solutes, and
concentrations of these solutes, but though it is known that water molecules
can form clusters around present solutes, classification of waters based on
types of water molecular organization and present clusters is not present in
current literature. In this study we used multivariate analysis for
classification of commercial mineral waters based on their near infrared
spectra (NIR). Further, we applied Aquaphotomics, a new approach for
interpretation of near infrared spectra of water, which gives insight into
organization of water molecules in each of these waters.
nema
The Ljuberadja-Niš water supply system is one of the main components of the Niš water supply system. This system consists of a series of natural, karst springs of groundwater (Krupac, Mokra, ...Divljana, Ljuberadja), with the capacity of 800–1450 L/s. The most important factors in a healthy drinking water supply are the proper choice and protection of water springs. Considering that water composition may sometimes have an adverse effect on consumer health, production processes in some industries and also on facilities and water company equipment, the aim of this paper was to examine water composition and to monitor its quality by analyzing the physical, chemical, and microbiological indicators. Water quality is tested in accordance with the corresponding directives and regulations of national and international authorities. The analysis of drinking water encompassed the appointment of the following parameters (quality indicators): physical parameters: temperature, turbidity, pH value and electrical conductivity of water; chemical parameters: chloride, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, sulfate, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, aluminum and chromium in the form of Cr
6+
and Cr
3+
ions; microbiological parameters: culturable organisms, total and fecal coliform bacteria, intestinal enterococci, sulfite reducing clostridia,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
and
Proteus
strain. Monitoring has confirmed the hygienic and health adequacy of the water distributed to cosumers.
Flame-weeding is a very useful method for weed control, especially in organic
production where the use of herbicides is prohibited. With this method heat
sup?presses weeds in row within a second. ...Apart from this, heat also affects
growing crop plants and surrounding soil. The aim of this paper was to
determine the effect of different propane doses, on photosynthetic and
polyphenolic (total flavonoids and anthocy?nins) pigments in soybean leaves,
as well as the number of microorganisms in the soil. Soybean plants exposed
to flame showed a different reaction to high temperature stress, which was
reflected in differ?ent content of analyzed biochemical parameters, but the
most responsive were anthocyanins. Actinomycetes turned out to be the most
sensitive group of soil microorganisms affected by weed flaming, while fungi
were the most tolerant.
Fractional calculus is a mathematical approach dealing with derivatives and integrals of arbitrary and complex orders. Therefore, it adds a new dimension to understand and describe basic nature and ...behavior of complex systems in an improved way. Here we use the fractional calculus for modeling electrical properties of biological systems. We derived a new class of generalized models for electrical impedance and applied them to human skin by experimental data fitting. The primary model introduces new generalizations of: 1) Weyl fractional derivative operator, 2) Cole equation, and 3) Constant Phase Element (CPE). These generalizations were described by the novel equation which presented parameter Formula: see text related to remnant memory and corrected four essential parameters Formula: see text We further generalized single generalized element by introducing specific partial sum of Maclaurin series determined by parameters Formula: see text We defined individual primary model elements and their serial combination models by the appropriate equations and electrical schemes. Cole equation is a special case of our generalized class of models forFormula: see text Previous bioimpedance data analyses of living systems using basic Cole and serial Cole models show significant imprecisions. Our new class of models considerably improves the quality of fitting, evaluated by mean square errors, for bioimpedance data obtained from human skin. Our models with new parameters presented in specific partial sum of Maclaurin series also extend representation, understanding and description of complex systems electrical properties in terms of remnant memory effects.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
•Development and optimization of an ICP-OES method for analysis of dark chocolate.•Developed method was applied for the determination of 25 elements.•Concentrations of Li, Sb and Sn are determined ...for the first time.•A comparison of the mineral content with literature data was reported.•Fe, Cu and Mn might significantly contribute to healthy nutrition.
In the present work inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) method for quantification of macro and micro elements in dark chocolate was developed. The plasma characteristics have been evaluated based on simple diagnostics such as the Mg II 280.270 nm/Mg I 285.213 nm (Mg II/Mg I) line intensity ratio. The validation process of the developed method involved precision, accuracy, linearity of the calibration curve, detection (LOD) and quantification limit (LOQ). The method was validated with Certified Reference Materials (CRM). Precision of repeatability (CV) was under 8% for all elements and accuracy was above 93%. The proposed method was applied for the determination of 25 elements in dark chocolate samples. Mean concentrations in mg/kg for macro and micro elements were: 9380 (K), 2360 (P), 1390 (Mg), 1120 (Na), 660 (Ca), 106 (Fe), 58.2 (Si), 46.5 (Al), 23.3 (Zn), 14.2 (Cu), 13.3 (Mn), 7.0 (B), 6.5 (Sr), 6.2 (Sb), 6.1 (V), 5.4 (Ba), 3.2 (Ni), 1.5 (Li), 0.97 (Cr), 0.71 (Sn), 0.47 (Pb), 0.29 (Mo), 0.27 (Co), 0.11 (Se) and 0.10 (Cd). The daily consummation of dark chocolate contributes to the dietary intake of trace elements, mainly Cr, Cu and Fe.
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