Foreword Kryukov, A P
Moscow University physics bulletin,
01/2023, Letnik:
78
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Foreword to the 7th International Conference on Deep Learning in Computational Physics (DLCP2023), held at the Faculty of Physics of St. Petersburg State University from June 21 to 23, 2023.
In this paper we suggest a design of a web marketplace where users of scientific application software and databases, presented in the form of web services, as well as their providers will have ...presence simultaneously. The model, which will be the basis for the web marketplace is close to the customer-to-customer (C2C) model, which has been successfully used, for example, on the auction sites such as eBay (ebay.com). Unlike the classical model of C2C the suggested marketplace focuses on application software in the form of web services, and standardization of API through which application software will be integrated into the web marketplace. A prototype of such a platform, entitled eSciMart, is currently being developed at SINP MSU.
Natural hybridization increases a lot phenotypic and genetic diversity and shapes intra-species patterns, which is a subject of phylogeography. We studied mitochondrial and complete genome variation ...in the bird family Corvidae, genera Corvus, Pica, Cyanopica, Perisoreus and Nucifraga. In the classic case of natural hybridization between carrion and hooded crows in Siberia, we found no decreased fitness of hybrids, but instead positive assortative mating which should restrict hybrid zone width. Several genetic markers were unable to discriminate between pure carrion and hooded crows. Mitochondrial DNA sequences revealed no difference between carrion and hooded crows, but instead two diverged haplogroups within the eastern part of the distribution range of the carrion crow. NGS resulted in a clear pattern of diversification of pure forms and hybrids (by using SNPs), and showed genomic regions of increased variability, the so-called “speciation islands”. Comparing European and Siberian crow hybrid zones, differences in genome regions bearing genes of melanogenesis supposedly under divergent selection were found. Comparative phylogeographic analysis of 10 widely distributed Palearctic species revealed two kinds of patterns: one with a division into two haplogroups, western and eastern, and another one without such a division. These two phylogeographic patterns might be explained by different habitat preferences: mainly open fields for the first group and forests for the second one. One glacial refuge was assigned to the latter group, while west-east group species might have survived in several refuges. One of such species, the Eurasian magpie (Pica pica) has a gap in its range in Transbaikalia, which is currently shrinking before our eyes. The two subspecies divided by this gap differ in phenotype, mtDNA and vocalization. In their young contact zone, some hybridization occurs with small introgression limited by certain post-zygotic isolation.
The calculation of the recovery heat flux density is considered for different conditions to investigate heat mass transfer processes. System of equations is based on the methods of continuum ...mechanics and molecular kinetic theory. Pressure distribution in the liquid is determined by the hydrostatic difference. At the vapor-liquid interface the Laplace formula is used. The vapor pressure in the film is determined by the non-equilibrium effects in the vapor near the interface. Heat transfer in a liquid is described by the Gorter-Mellink semi-empirical theory. Experimental data on the boiling of superfluid helium under various conditions are interpreted based on the formulated mathematical model. For all cases in the considered range of parameters, the qualitative and in some cases quantitative agreement between the calculated and experimental values of the recovery heat flux were obtained.
In this work we compare two open source machine learning libraries, PyTorch and TensorFlow, as software platforms for rejecting hadron background events detected by imaging air Cherenkov telescopes ...(IACTs). Monte Carlo simulation for the TAIGA-IACT telescope is used to estimate background rejection quality. A wide variety of neural network algorithms provided by both libraries can easily be tested on various types of data, which is useful for various imaging air Cherenkov experiments. The work is a component of the Astroparticle.online project, which collaborates with the TAIGA and KASCADE experiments and welcomes any astroparticle experiment to join.
Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) form one of the most common symbiosis with the majority of land plants. AMF supply the plant with various mineral elements, primarily phosphorus, and improve the ...water supply. The search for the most effective AMF strains for symbiosis and the creation of microbial preparations on that basis is an important task for modern biology. Owing to the difficulties of cultivation without a host plant and their high genetic polymorphism, identifying AMF is very difficult. A high number of cryptic species often makes morphological identification unreliable. Recent years have seen a growth in the number of AMF biodiversity studies performed by modern NGS-based methods, Illumina MiSeq in particular. Currently, there are still many questions that remain for the identification of AМF. The most important are whether conservative or variable sequences should be used to select a marker for barcoding and whether universal primers or those specific to AMF should be used. In our work, we have successfully used universal primers ITS3 and ITS4 for the sequencing in Illumina MiSeq of the 5.8S rDNA - ITS2 region of the 35S rRNA genes, which contain both a conservative and variable regions. The molecular genetic approach for AMF identification was quite effective and allowed us to reliably identify eight of nine isolates to the species level: five isolates of Rhizophagus irregularis, and one isolate of R. invermaius, Paraglomus laccatum, and Claroideoglomus etunicatum, respectively. For all five R. irregularis isolates, high variability in the ITS region and the absence of ecotopic-related molecular characters in the ITS2 region were demonstrated. The NCBI data is still insufficient for accurate AMF identification of Acaulospora sp. isolates from the genus to the species level.
The dynamics of the liquid–vapour interface during stable liquid film boiling on a spherical heater is described by formulating a complete system of equations. The dynamics of the interface surface ...is analysed using the Rayleigh equation considering the non-equilibrium effects near the vapour–liquid interface in the boundary conditions. Heat transfer in the vapour phase is determined by the thermal conductivity and radiation and that in liquid is described by solving the unsteady thermal conductivity equation. The closed mathematical description is reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations with corresponding initial and boundary conditions under certain assumptions. For high efficiency liquid heat transfer cases, the system of equations can be simplified owing to zero mass flux across the interface. Finally, the system of equations is solved for sub-cooled water and superfluid helium; the corresponding temporal dependences of the vapour films radiuses are presented.
The aim of this work is to propose a method for calculating the evolution of the vapour film during film boiling of highly thermally conductive and subcooled liquids, taking into account the molecular-kinetic features of heat and mass transfer processes on the liquid-vapour interfaces.
The results of experimental studies superfluid helium (He-II) film boiling are presented. Experimental studies of the He-II boiling on the surfaces of the cylindrical heaters in a bulk of He-II and ...under constrained conditions are described. Visualization of helium-II film boiling was first performed when observed from the end of a cylindrical heater. The scheme of the experimental facility, work cell and heater are given. The data in the form of files with visualization obtained from the experiments allow us to determine the outlines and the characteristic sizes of the films formed during boiling for different initial conditions.
The review presents an analysis of studies on the role of the intestinal microbiota and microbiome in lipid metabolism and the development of dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular ...diseases. The role of the intestine as a metabolic organ with a multifactorial strain evolution, involved in lipid metabolism, cholesterol homeostasis and enterohepatic circulation is shown. The influence of microbial imbalance on the development of dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis is considered. Special attention is paid to preventive therapy with hypolipidemic probiotics. It is shown that the use of probiotics with hypolipidemic properties and consisting of a mixture of such strains asLactobacillus plantarumCECT7527, CET7528 and CECT7529, mixtures ofLactobacillus acidophilusLa-5,Bifidobacterium lactisBB-12,Bifidobacterium animalis lactisBB-12 contribute to reducing the level of LDL-C, CCS, TG, are safe and well tolerated, can be used as an adjuvant non-drug therapy in combination with hypolipidemic drugs for dyslipidemia, multifocal atherosclerosis.
For the successful development of the astrophysics and, accordingly, for obtaining more complete knowledge of the Universe, it is extremely important to combine and comprehensively analyze ...information of various types (e.g., about charged cosmic particles, gamma rays, neutrinos, etc.) obtained by using divers large-scale experimental setups located throughout the world. It is obvious that all kinds of activities must be performed continually across all stages of the data life cycle to help support effective data management, in particular, the collection and storage of data, its processing and analysis, refining the physical model, making preparations for publication, and data reprocessing taking refinement into account. In this paper we present a general approach to construction and the architecture of a system to be able to collect, store, and provide users’ access to astrophysical data. We also suggest a new approach to the construction of a metadata registry based on the blockchain technology.
PDF
