The aggregation behaviour of Au(I) complexes in condensed phases can affect their emission properties. Herein, aggregation-induced room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) is observed from the crystals ...of trinuclear Au(I) complexes. The RTP is highly sensitive to the crystal structure, with a slight difference in the alkyl side chains causing not only a change in the crystal structure but also a shift in the RTP maximum. Furthermore, in nanocrystals, reversible RTP colour changes are induced by phase transitions between crystal polymorphs during crystal growth from solution or the pulverisation of bulk crystals. The colour change mechanism is discussed in terms of intermolecular interactions in the crystal structure of the luminescent aggregates. The results suggest that the behaviour in nanocrystals may differ from that in bulk crystals. These insights will advance the fundamental understanding of crystallisation mechanisms and may aid in the discovery of new materials properties for solids with nano- to micrometre sizes.
Non-photorealistic rendering is one of the digital art techniques. It generates digital images resembling artistic representation. The main contribution of this paper is to show a non-photorealistic ...rendering for high quality pointillism image generation with squares by pasting square patterns on canvas. Our technique is inspired by the characteristic of the human visual system to optimize generated images. Although it can generate high quality pointillistic images, a lot of time is necessary. Hence, we have implemented our technique in a graphics processing unit (GPU) to accelerate the computation. The experimental results show that the GPU implementation can achieve a speed-up factor of 160 over the sequential CPU implementation.
Ruthenium plaque therapy (RPT) for retinoblastoma Murakami, Naoya; Suzuki, Shigenobu; Ito, Yoshinori ...
International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics,
2012-Sep-01, Letnik:
84, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
To evaluate the effectiveness of episcleral ¹⁰⁶ruthenium plaque therapy (RPT) in the management of retinoblastoma.
One hundred one RPTs were retrospectively analyzed that were performed in 90 eyes of ...85 patients with retinoblastoma at National Cancer Center Hospital between 1998 and 2008. Each RPT had a corresponding tumor and 101 tumors were considered in the analysis of local control. Median follow-up length was 72.8 months. Median patient age at the RPT was 28 months. Median prescribed doses at reference depth and outer surface of the sclera were 47.4 Gy and 162.3 Gy, respectively.
Local control rate (LCR) and ocular retention rate (ORR) at 2 years were 33.7% and 58.7%, respectively. Unilateral disease, International Classification of Retinoblastoma group C or more advanced at the first presentation or at the time of RPT, vitreous and/or subretinal seeding, tumor size greater than 5 disc diameter (DD), reference depth greater than 5 mm, dose rate at reference depth lower than 0.7 Gy/hour, dose at the reference depth lower than 35 Gy, and (biologically effective dose with an α/β ratio of 10 Gy) at the reference depth lower than 40 Gy(10) were associated with unfavorable LCR. Two patients died of metastatic disease. Radiation complications included retinal detachment in 12 eyes (13.3%), proliferative retinopathy in 6 (6.7%), rubeosis iris in 2 (2.2%), and posterior subcapsular cataract in 23 (25.6%).
RPT is an effective eye-preserving treatment for retinoblastoma.
PDF
