A synthetic high-silica mordenite (HS-MOR) has been compressed in both non-penetrating (silicone oil, s.o.) and penetrating methanol : ethanol : water (16 : 3 : 1) (m.e.w.), water : ethanol (3 : 1) ...(w.e.), and ethylene glycol (e.gl.) pressure transmitting media (PTM). In situ high-pressure (HP) synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) experiments allowed the unit cell parameters to be followed up to 1.6, 1.8, 8.4, and 6.7 GPa in s.o., w.e., m.e.w., and e.gl., respectively. Moreover, e.gl. was also used as a PTM in in situ HP Raman and ex situ IR experiments. The structural refinement of HS-MOR compressed in e.gl. at 0.1 GPa - the lowest investigated pressure - revealed the presence of 3.5 ethylene glycol molecules per unit cell. The infrared spectrum of the recovered sample, after compression to 1 GPa, is consistent with the insertion of ethylene glycol molecules in the pores. XRPD and Raman spectroscopy experiments performed under pressure indicated the insertion of a small number of guest molecules. Ethylene glycol is partially retained inside mordenite upon pressure release. A symmetry lowering was observed in s.o. above 0.8 GPa, while above 1.6 GPa the patterns indicated a rapid loss of long range order. From ambient pressure (Pamb) to 1.6 GPa, a high cell volume contraction (ΔV = -9.5%) was determined. The patterns collected with penetrating PTM suggested the penetration of guest molecules into the porous host matrix, starting from a very low P regime. The entrapment of PTM molecules inside micropores contributes to the stiffening of the structure and, as a consequence, to the decrease of the compressibility with respect to that measured in s.o. From the structural point of view, HS-MOR reacts to compression and to the penetration of different guest species with appropriate framework deformations. Interestingly, ethylene glycol is partially retained inside mordenite upon pressure release, which is of importance for potential application of this composite material.
There is no consensus regarding the optimal dialysate calcium concentration (DCa) during haemodialysis (HD). Low DCa may predispose to acute arrhythmias, whereas high DCa increases the long-term risk ...of soft tissue calcifications.
Twenty-two HD patients treated in four dialysis centres underwent two HD sessions, respectively, with 1.5 and 1.25 mmol/L total DCa. Calcium mass balance (CMB) was calculated from ionized calcium (iCa) in the dialysate and blood at the start and end of each run, using a kinetic formula to define the mean concentrations in the blood and dialysate and then estimating CMBs over the entire treatments.
Mean blood iCa levels increased using 1.5 DCa, whereas they remained unchanged using 1.25 DCa. Diffusive CMB positively correlated with the dialysate/blood iCa gradient. With 1.5 DCa, diffusive CMBs were strongly positive at the blood side and negative at the dialysate side, indicating transfer from dialysate to blood. With 1.25 DCa, despite a negative dialysate/blood iCa gradient, diffusive CMB was slightly positive in blood and negative in dialysate. The global balances based on both the convective and diffusive components showed a positive net transfer of Ca from dialysate to blood with 1.5 DCa and an approximately neutral Ca flux with 1.25 DCa.
While CMB is nearly neutral when using 1.25 DCa, the use of 1.5 DCa results in a gain of Ca during HD. The risks associated with Ca load should be considered in the choice of DCa prescription for HD but need also be weighed against the risk of worse haemodynamic dialysis tolerance.
A synthetic high-silica mordenite (HS-MOR) has been compressed in both non-penetrating (silicone oil, s.o.) and penetrating methanol : ethanol : water (16 : 3 : 1) (m.e.w.), water : ethanol (3 : 1) ...(w.e.), and ethylene glycol (e.gl.) pressure transmitting media (PTM).
In situ
high-pressure (HP) synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) experiments allowed the unit cell parameters to be followed up to 1.6, 1.8, 8.4, and 6.7 GPa in s.o., w.e., m.e.w., and e.gl., respectively. Moreover, e.gl. was also used as a PTM in
in situ
HP Raman and
ex situ
IR experiments. The structural refinement of HS-MOR compressed in e.gl. at 0.1 GPa - the lowest investigated pressure - revealed the presence of 3.5 ethylene glycol molecules per unit cell. The infrared spectrum of the recovered sample, after compression to 1 GPa, is consistent with the insertion of ethylene glycol molecules in the pores. XRPD and Raman spectroscopy experiments performed under pressure indicated the insertion of a small number of guest molecules. Ethylene glycol is partially retained inside mordenite upon pressure release. A symmetry lowering was observed in s.o. above 0.8 GPa, while above 1.6 GPa the patterns indicated a rapid loss of long range order. From ambient pressure (
P
amb
) to 1.6 GPa, a high cell volume contraction (Δ
V
= −9.5%) was determined. The patterns collected with penetrating PTM suggested the penetration of guest molecules into the porous host matrix, starting from a very low
P
regime. The entrapment of PTM molecules inside micropores contributes to the stiffening of the structure and, as a consequence, to the decrease of the compressibility with respect to that measured in s.o. From the structural point of view, HS-MOR reacts to compression and to the penetration of different guest species with appropriate framework deformations. Interestingly, ethylene glycol is partially retained inside mordenite upon pressure release, which is of importance for potential application of this composite material.
A synthetic high-silica mordenite (HS-MOR) has been compressed in both non-penetrating (silicone oil, s.o.) and penetrating methanol : ethanol : water (16 : 3 : 1) (m.e.w.), water : ethanol (3 : 1) (w.e.), and ethylene glycol (e.gl.) pressure transmitting media (PTM).
•Polygenic risk scores (PRS) can be used to predict risk of prostate cancer (PCa).•Based on meta-analysis, the ability of PRS to identify PCa was modest (AUC 0.63).•Combining PRS with clinical ...variables increased the pooled AUC to 0.74 (0.68-0.81).•PRS accuracy is comparable to PSA or family history.
Genome-wide association studies have revealed over 200 genetic susceptibility loci for prostate cancer (PCa). By combining them, polygenic risk scores (PRS) can be generated to predict risk of PCa. We summarize the published evidence and conduct meta-analyses of PRS as a predictor of PCa risk in Caucasian men.
Data were extracted from 59 studies, with 16 studies including 17 separate analyses used in the main meta-analysis with a total of 20,786 cases and 69,106 controls identified through a systematic search of ten databases. Random effects meta-analysis was used to obtain pooled estimates of area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC). Meta-regression was used to assess the impact of number of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) incorporated in PRS on AUC. Heterogeneity is expressed as I2 scores. Publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots and Egger tests.
The ability of PRS to identify men with PCa was modest (pooled AUC 0.63, 95% CI 0.62-0.64) with moderate consistency (I2 64%). Combining PRS with clinical variables increased the pooled AUC to 0.74 (0.68-0.81). Meta-regression showed only negligible increase in AUC for adding incremental SNPs. Despite moderate heterogeneity, publication bias was not evident.
Typically, PRS accuracy is comparable to PSA or family history with a pooled AUC value 0.63 indicating mediocre performance for PRS alone.
The present report gives information both on the clinical features at presentation and the clinical course of 7 consecutive patients with nonsecretory multiple myeloma. It provides evidence that the ...nonsecretory variant was closely associated with high tumor cell mass, as determined by severe anemia and/or multiple areas of bone destruction. The marked depression of normal immunoglobulins and the absence of both renal failure and hypercalcemia differentiated nonsecretory from typical myelomatosis. Finally, the survival length of patients with nonsecretory myeloma appeared to be similar to that of comparably staged patients with secretory myeloma.
The operation of a cryogenic Resistive WELL (RWELL) in liquid argon vapor is reported for the first time. It comprises a Thick Gas Electron Multiplier (THGEM) structure coupled to a resistive ...Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) anode deposited on an insulating substrate. The multiplier was operated at cryogenic temperature (90 K, 1.2 bar) in saturated argon vapor and characterized in terms of charge gain and electrical stability. A comparative study with standard, non-resistive THGEM (a.k.a LEM) and WELL multipliers confirmed the RWELL advantages in terms of discharge quenching – i.e. superior gain and stability.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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