Background
Saliva and muscle‐derived mosquito allergens have been purified and characterized. However, the complete set of allergens remains to be elucidated. In this study, we identified and ...characterized IgE‐binding proteins from the mosquito species Aedes aegypti.
Methods
Serum was obtained from 15 allergic individuals with asthma and/or rhinitis and sensitized to mosquito. IgE binding was determined by ELISA. Total proteins from freeze‐dried bodies of A. aegypti were extracted and IgE‐reactive proteins were identified by 2D gel electrophoresis, followed by Western blot with pooled or individual sera. IgE‐reactive spots were further characterized by mass spectrometry.
Results
Twenty‐five IgE‐reactive spots were identified, corresponding to 10 different proteins, some of which appeared as different variants or isoforms. Heat‐shock cognate 70 (HSC‐70) and tropomyosin showed IgE reactivity with 60% of the sera, lysosomal aspartic protease, and “AAEL006070‐PA” (Uniprot: Q177P3) with 40% and the other proteins with <33.3% of the sera. Different variants or isoforms of tropomyosin, arginine or creatine kinase, glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH), calcium‐binding protein, and phosphoglycerate mutase were also identified. The mixture of three allergens (Aed a 6, Aed a 8, and Aed a 10) seems to identify more than 80% of A. aegypti‐sensitized individuals, indicating that these allergens should be considered when designing of improved mosquito allergy diagnostic tools.
Conclusions
The newly identified allergens may play a role in the pathophysiology of mosquito allergy in the tropics, and some of them might be important arthropod‐related proteins involved in cross‐reactivity between A. aegypti and other allergenic arthropods.
Immunization with mRNA encoding tumor antigen is an emerging vaccine strategy for cancer. In this paper, we demonstrate that mice receiving systemic injections of MART1 mRNA histidylated ...lipopolyplexes were specifically and significantly protected against B16F10 melanoma tumor progression. The originality of this work concerns the use of a new tumor antigen mRNA formulation as vaccine, which allows an efficient protection against the growth of a highly aggressive tumor model after its delivery by intravenous route. Synthetic melanoma-associated antigen MART1 mRNA was formulated with a polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated derivative of histidylated polylysine and L-histidine-(N,N-di-n-hexadecylamine)ethylamide liposomes (termed histidylated lipopolyplexes). Lipopolyplexes comprised mRNA/polymer complexes encapsulated by liposomes. The tumor protective effect was induced with MART1 mRNA carrying a poly(A) tail length of 100 adenosines at an optimal dose of 12.5 microg per mouse. MART1 mRNA lipopolyplexes elicited a cellular immune response characterized by the production of interferon-gamma and the induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Finally, the anti-B16 response was enhanced using a formulation containing both MART1 mRNA and MART1-LAMP1 mRNA encoding the antigen targeted to the major histocompatibility complex class II compartments by the lysosomal sorting signal of LAMP1 protein. Our results provide a basis for the development of mRNA histidylated lipopolyplexes for cancer vaccine.
Use of antiseptics and disinfectants is essential in infection control practices in hospital and other healthcare settings. In this study, the in vitro activity of a new promising compound, ...para-guanidinoethylcalix4arene (Cx1), has been evaluated in comparison with hexamidine (HX) and chlorhexidine (CHX), two older cationic antiseptics. The MICs for 69 clinical isolates comprising methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-sensitive S. aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) (with or without mecA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci, Enterobacteriaceae producing various β-lactamases and non-fermenting bacilli (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumanii, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia) were determined. Cx1 showed similar activity against S. aureus, CoNS and Enterococcus spp., irrespective of the presence of mecA or van genes, or associated resistance genes, with very good activity against CoNS (MIC <1 mg/L). Variable activities were observed against Enterobacteriaceae; the MICs determined seemed to be dependent both on the genus (MICs of 2, 8 and 64 mg/L for Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Yersinia enterocolitica, respectively) and on the resistance phenotype production of Extended Spectrum β-Lactase (ESBLs) or other β-lactamases; overproduction of AmpC. Poor activity was found against non-fermenting bacilli, irrespective of the resistance phenotype. CHX appeared to be the most active compound against all strains, with broad-spectrum and conserved activity against multidrug-resistant strains. HX showed a lower activity, essentially against Gram-positive strains. Consequently, the differences observed with respect to Cx1 suggest that they are certainly not the consequence of antibiotic resistance phenotypes, but rather the result of membrane composition modifications (e.g. of lipopolysaccharide), or of the presence of (activated) efflux-pumps. These results raise the possibility that Cx1 may be a potent new antibacterial agent of somewhat lower activity but significantly lower toxicity than CHX.
Dans cette note, nous revenons sur les grandes lignes de la conférence donnée lors des journées de la SAP 2019 concernant le champ actuel de l’ethnogénétique, qui s’intéresse entre autres à ...l’influence des systèmes de parenté sur la diversité génétique des populations humaines. Nous présentons certains des résultats principaux d’une étude ethnogénétique menée en Asie du Sud-Est dans douze populations présentant des systèmes de parenté variés, à filiation patrilinéaire, matrilinéaire et cognatique. Les données ethno-démographiques et génétiques collectées montrent que les processus de résidence, de filiation et d’alliance façonnent la diversité génétique des populations humaines. Ce champ de recherche ouvre ainsi de nouvelles perspectives : mieux connaître, à partir des données génétiques, la dynamique des systèmes de parenté actuels, et retracer leur évolution à travers le temps grâce aux données archéogénétiques. Cependant, les données ethno-démographiques montrent également que le niveau d’observance des règles varie entre populations catégorisées dans un même système de parenté, ce qui module les signatures génétiques laissées par ce système de parenté et invite à une certaine prudence concernant l’inférence des structures sociales du passé à partir des données archéogénétiques. L’impact du « puzzle matrilinéaire » sur la diversité génétique autosomale est également discuté.
In this note, we summarize the talk given at the SAP conference 2019 regarding the field of ethnogenetics, that studies the influence of kinship systems on the genetic diversity of human populations.We will present some of the main results of an ethnogenetic study led in twelve Southeast Asian populations exhibiting various kinship systems, with matrilineal, patrilineal and cognatic descent. This study contributes to highlight that processes of residence, descent and alliance shape the genetic diversity of human populations. This opens new perspectives, notably understanding better the present dynamics of kinship systems thanks to genetic data, and tracing back their evolution through time thanks to archeogenetic data. However, this work also shows that the signatures left by a given type of social organization are variable depending on the extent to which the rule is observed, inviting to be careful when inferring past social systems from archeogenetic data. The genetic impact of the « matrilineal puzzle » is also discussed.
Animation S1 is a MOV file for viewing with Apple Quicktime and Animation S2 is a SWF file for viewing with the Flash plugin of Microsoft Internet Explorer or Mozilla Firefox web browsers. Attention ...has been focused on the following points: the three primers (tRNALys3, 3′ppt and cppt) are oversized for clarity; the two RNA ends (RU5 and U3R) are in close proximity throughout reverse transcription, in order to show a continuous process at the time of the strand transfers; the RT-associated RNAseH is shown with a high activity for digestion of the RNA following minus strand DNA elongation. The presentation of the timing for plus strand DNA termination in combination with the central flap synthesis and LTR duplication seems the most representative to the authors. Animation S1 is a MOV file for viewing with Apple Quicktime and Animation S2 is a SWF file for viewing with the Flash plugin of Microsoft Internet Explorer or Mozilla Firefox web browsers. Attention has been focused on the following points: the three primers (tRNALys3, 3′ppt and cppt) are oversized for clarity; the two RNA ends (RU5 and U3R) are in close proximity throughout reverse transcription, in order to show a continuous process at the time of the strand transfers; the RT-associated RNAseH is shown with a high activity for digestion of the RNA following minus strand DNA elongation. The presentation of the timing for plus strand DNA termination in combination with the central flap synthesis and LTR duplication seems the most representative to the authors.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein (NCp7) condenses the viral RNA within the mature capsid. In a capsid-free system, NCp7 promotes an efficient mechanism of aggregation with both RNA and DNA. Here, we show ...an analysis of these macromolecular complexes by dark-field imaging using transmission electron microscopy. Thousands of mature NCp7 proteins co-aggregate with hundreds of single-stranded circular DNA molecules (ssDNA) within minutes, as observed with poly(rA). These co-aggregates are highly stable but dynamic structures, as they dissociate under harsh conditions, and after addition of potent ssDNA or NCp7 competitive ligands. The N-terminal domain and zinc fingers of NCp7 are both required for efficient association. Addition of magnesium slightly increases the avidity of NCp7 for ssDNA, while it strongly inhibits co-aggregation with relaxed circular double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). This DNA selectivity is restricted to mature NCp7, compared to its precursors NCp15 and NCp9. Moreover, for NCp15, the linkage of NCp7 with the Gag C-terminal p6-peptide provokes a deficiency in ssDNA aggregation, but results in DNA spreading similar to prototypical SSB proteins. Finally, this co-aggregation is discussed in a dynamic architectural context with regard to the mature HIV-1 nucleocapsid. On the basis of the present data, we propose that condensation of encapsidated RNA requires the C-terminal processing of NCp. Subsequently, disassembly of the nucleocapsid should be favoured once dsDNA is produced by HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
Molecular Cloning of Chortoglyphus arcuatus Allergens Fernandez-Caldas, E; Vailes, L; Troubina, O ...
Journal of allergy and clinical immunology,
2007, January 2007, 2007-1-00, 20070101, Letnik:
119, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Sera containing specific IgE to CA were pooled (n=8) and used to screen a high titer (>=109 pfu/ml) CA cDNA expression library (average insert size 1.86 kb). cDNA clones were screened by plaque ...immunoassay using IgE ab.
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