To grasp the current status of network public opinion (NPO) research and explore the knowledge base and hot trends from a quantitative perspective, we retrieved 1385 related papers and conducted a ...bibliometric mapping analysis on them. Co-occurrence analysis, cluster analysis, co-citation analysis and keyword burst analysis were performed using VOSviewer and CiteSpace software. The results show that the NPO is mainly distributed in the disciplinary fields associated with journalism and communication and public management. There are four main hotspots: analysis of public opinion, analysis of communication channels, technical means and challenges faced. The knowledge base in the field of NPO research includes social media, user influence, and user influence related to opinion dynamic modeling and sentiment analysis. With the advent of the era of big data, big data technology has been widely used in various fields and to some extent can be said to be the research frontier in the field. Transforming big data public opinion into early warning, realizing in-depth analysis and accurate prediction of public opinion as well as improving decision-making ability of public opinion are the future research directions of NPO.
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) have been shown to reduce incident type 2 diabetes but their impact on cardiovascular (CV) disease remains controversial. We sought to identify the overall impact ...of AGIs with respect to incident type 2 diabetes in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and CV outcomes in those with IGT or type 2 diabetes.
We used PubMed and SCOPUS to identify randomized controlled trials reporting the incidence of type 2 diabetes and/or CV outcomes that had compared AGIs with placebo in populations with IGT or type 2 diabetes, with or without established CV disease. Eligible studies were required to have ≥ 500 participants and/or ≥ 100 endpoints of interest. Meta-analyses of available trial data were performed using random effects models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident type 2 diabetes and CV outcomes.
Of ten trials identified, three met our inclusion criteria for incident type 2 diabetes and four were eligible for CV outcomes. The overall HR (95% CI) comparing AGI with placebo for incident type 2 diabetes was 0.77 (0.67-0.88), p < 0.0001, and for CV outcomes was 0.98 (0.89-1.10), p = 0.85. There was little to no heterogeneity between studies, with I
values of 0.03% (p = 0.43) and 0% (p = 0.79) for the two outcomes respectively.
Allocation of people with IGT to an AGI significantly reduced their risk of incident type 2 diabetes by 23%, whereas in those with IGT or type 2 diabetes the impact on CV outcomes was neutral.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The spontaneous combustion of the sulfur concentrate is the main hazard faced in ore storage bins. To understand the thermodynamic characteristics of spontaneous combustion of the sulfur concentrate ...and test whether the kinetic compensation effects are present in the spontaneous combustion process of the sulfur concentrate, typical sulfur concentrate samples were selected as the research object, and thermogravimetric experiments were carried out under an air atmosphere at heating rates of 5, 10, and 15 K/min. On this basis, the contributions of different reaction models to the mass change during the spontaneous combustion of the sulfur concentrate, as well as the thermodynamic model and kinetic compensation effect, are analyzed. The results show that solid-phase combustion contributes the most to mass loss among different mechanisms of the reaction between the sulfur concentrate and oxygen. The contributions of reaction models to mass loss are affected by the different heating rates, and the contribution of solid-phase combustion to mass loss increases with increasing heating rates. The Malek method is used to obtain the kinetic model of the spontaneous combustion of the sulfur concentrate, and its mechanism function changes from a chemical reaction model to a three-dimensional diffusion model. There is a kinetic compensation effect in the spontaneous combustion process of the sulfur concentrate, and the level of the kinetic compensation line may be one of the bases for distinguishing the spontaneous combustion tendency of the sulfur concentrate.
Purpose: A fully human monoclonal antibody to anti–α v integrins (CNTO 95) has been shown to inhibit angiogenesis and tumor growth in preclinical studies. We assessed the safety
and pharmacokinetics ...of CNTO 95 in patients with advanced refractory solid tumors.
Experimental Design: In this phase I trial, CNTO 95 (0.1, 0.3, 1.0, 3.0, and 10.0 mg/kg) was infused on days 0, 28, 35, and 42, and clinical assessments,
dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI), and 18 F-2-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) were done. Patients achieving stable disease or better were
eligible for extended dosing every 3 weeks for up to 12 months.
Results: Among the 24 enrolled patients, CNTO 95 was associated with one episode of grade III and four episodes of grade II infusion-related
fever (all responded to acetaminophen). Of the six patients who received extended dosing, one patient (10.0 mg/kg), with cutaneous
angiosarcoma, had a 9-month partial response. Pre- and post-treatment lesion biopsies confirmed tumor cell α v integrin expression, as well as CNTO 95 penetration of the tumor and localization to tumor cells in association with reduced
bcl-2 expression. A lesion in one patient (10.0 mg/kg) with stable ovarian carcinosarcoma was no longer detectable by FDG-PET
by day 49. Exposure to CNTO 95 seemed to increase in a greater-than-dose-proportional manner; dose-dependent mean half-life
ranged from 0.26 to 6.7 days.
Conclusions: CNTO 95 was generally well tolerated. Six patients received extended therapy, including one patient with a prolonged response.
Biopsy data confirmed tumor localization and pharmacodynamic activity.
Objectives:
The objective was to conduct a US multicenter, retrospective medical record study examining the effectiveness, safety, and patterns of use of valrubicin for treatment of ...nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) by clinicians since the 2009 reintroduction of valrubicin.
Methods:
Patients ≥ 18 years with NMIBC who received had one or more instillations of valrubicin (October 2009– September 2011) were eligible. The primary endpoint was event-free survival (EFS). Safety and tolerability were also assessed.
Results:
The medical records of 113 patients met the inclusion criteria; 100 patients (88.5%) completed valrubicin treatment. The median age was 75 years (range 42–95 years). The median NMIBC duration was 31 months since diagnosis: 51.3% (58/113) had carcinoma in situ (CIS) alone, and 31.9% (36/113) had unspecified NMIBC. Most patients, 94.7% (107/113), had more than three valrubicin instillations and 70.8% (80/113) completed a full course. The EFS rate (95% confidence interval) was 51.6% (40.9–61.3%), 30.4% (20.4–41.1%), and 16.4% (7.9–27.5%) at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. Median time to an event was 3.5 (2.5–4.0) months after the first valrubicin instillation. Local adverse reactions (LARs) were experienced by 49.6% (56/113) of patients; most LARs were mild (93.6%). The most frequent LARs were hematuria, pollakiuria, micturition urgency, bladder spasm, and dysuria. In total, 4.4% (5/113) of patients discontinued valrubicin because of adverse events or LARs.
Conclusions:
Data from the present retrospective study are consistent with previous prospective clinical trials that demonstrated valrubicin effectiveness and tolerability for select patients with CIS, before considering cystectomy. Additional prospective studies are warranted to evaluate valrubicin safety and efficacy in the broader patient population with NMIBC.
Display omitted
•Informetric was performed to analyze corrosion of petrochemical equipment (PE).•Three main knowledge bases of corrosion studies of PE were captured.•Hotspots and research frontiers ...of corrosion studies of PE were visually explored.•The themes of corrosion studies of PE were roughly grouped into three core paths.
Corrosion of petrochemical equipment is one of the reasons that affect the process safety and sustainability of the petrochemical industry. To understand the research status of corrosion in petrochemical equipment and explore the knowledge base and hot trends, 1887 studies from 2000 to 2020 on the WOS retrieval platforms SCIE, SSCI, A & HCI and CPCI-S were used as data samples. Co-occurrence analysis, keyword mutation analysis, and co-citation analysis were used to analyze the current status of petrochemical equipment corrosion research using the method of informetrics. The number of papers published in China ranks first among countries/regions, and the Universidade de Lisboa ranks first among relevant institutions. Corrosion resistance structure analysis, corrosion loss model analysis and steel structure corrosion analysis are the basis of knowledge in the field of petrochemical equipment corrosion research, and scholars mostly take oil tankers as the object of analysis. Engineering Failure Analysis, Marine Structure, Ocean Engineering, Corrosion Science and Corrosion are the core journals in this field. At present, the basic theory and research systems in the field of petrochemical equipment corrosion have been largely completed, and many research directions and broad frontier branches are currently emerging. “Research on corrosion mechanism and anti-corrosion mechanism”, “microbial corrosion research” and “corrosion detection and monitoring research” are the three core development paths in this field. In the process of evolution, the research path is gradually becoming refined, and research directions are gradually changing to nano anti-corrosion materials. Simulation, biofuels and composites are the new research frontiers of research on corrosion of petrochemical equipment.
Display omitted
The process safety and sustainable development of the petrochemical industry have been seriously threatened by the spontaneous combustion of iron sulfide. In this paper, four kinds of ...ionic liquids were used to study the inhibition of spontaneous combustion of iron sulfides (FeS, FeS2). The thermodynamic characteristics, inhibition performance, and mechanism of ionic liquids on the spontaneous combustion of iron sulfide have been systematically studied. The results showed that the iron sulfide samples’ overall surface roughness and the proportion of fine particles in the samples increased after the ionic liquid treatment. In the process of oxidative spontaneous combustion, the extrapolation reaction onset temperatures of the samples treated with ionic liquids were enhanced, and the temperature at the samples’ maximum mass loss rate also was delayed. At the same time, the effect of ionic liquids in this process also changed the samples’ reaction mechanism functions, the apparent activation energies, and the mass loss rate. And in all of the experiments, the apparent activation energy of the samples treated with BMIMNO3 was enhanced the most by 16.74 kJ/mol, 14.8 kJ/mol, 26.49 kJ/mol, 14.23 kJ/mol, and 13.87 kJ/mol, respectively, while the mass loss rate of the samples treated with this ionic liquid also decreased the most. Therefore, BMIMNO3 had the best inhibiting effect among the four ionic liquids in this study. In addition, the results of molecular simulations showed that there is an adsorption process between the ionic liquid and the iron sulfide. In the adsorption process, the ionic liquid dominated the adsorption competition with oxygen molecules, which raises the iron sulfide’s activation energy of the oxidation reaction, thus inhibiting spontaneous combustion.
•Safety and security research based on system dynamfics was systematically reviewed.•Three main knowledge bases were visually captured using co-citation analysis.•Three research hotspots were ...explored using keywords co-occurrence analysis.•The research frontiers were identified using keywords timeline view analysis.
Safety and security (SS) research based on system dynamics (SD) play a greater theoretical and technical support for hazard identification and accident prevention, which meant SD has become an important method to study the system safety, also that SS research based on SD has entered the application stage. It is a relatively macroscopic understanding of the application of SD to SS research by scholars, and difficult to capture the changes and characteristics of specific topics from the understanding. To get an in-depth understanding of the current research characteristics and development in the research domain, and help researchers dig into the more information from a quantitative perspective, we retrieved 1091 documents about SS-related research based on SD published in the period 2000–2020 from the Web of Science Core Collection database in this paper, the bibliometric analysis and science mapping were carried out. The USA, China, UK, Germany and Australia were the five most contributions to the literature associated with SS research based on SD. In terms of the major sources and co-citation of SS-related research publications, IEEE Transactions on Power System, Safety Science, Energy Policy, System Dynamics Review and Reliability Engineering & System Safety are the five most active journals in this domain. The knowledge base of SS research based on SD focuses on “safety management”, “risk analysis” and “network and information security”. There are some significant differences between the safety and security domains while they are very similar in “risk analysis”. Currently, hotspot topics include “safety management”, “energy security”, “resource utilization” and “industry applications”. “system safety and reliability”, “energy consumption and security” and “power system dynamics and stability” have become the research frontier in the field.
Display omitted
•The effect of FeS and FeS2 on the pyrophoricity of ironic sulfide is investigated.•FeS is more prone to spontaneous combustion than FeS2.•FeS2 absorbs energy to inhibit the early ...oxidation reaction of ironic sulfide.•Intermediate product elemental sulfur promotes the later oxidation reaction.•Multi-stage reaction forms a pyrophoric synergistic effect of ironic sulfide.
The pyrophoricity of ironic sulfide of sulfur corrosion products in oil tanks is a critical safety and environment concern that may trigger fire and explosion accidents. This paper focused on mixtures of FeS with FeS2 and aimed to systematically investigate their influence on the pyrophoricity of ironic sulfide. The results showed that the mixtures’ oxidation spontaneous combustion processes are generally similar, including low-temperature heating, oxidation decomposition, and burning-out stages. The more unstable molecular configuration and uneven surface morphology of FeS made it more prone to spontaneous combustion than FeS2. As the proportion of FeS2 in the sample increased, it absorbed the energy used to activate FeS during the early stages of oxidation and decomposition, causing the sample’s activation energy to increase and its pyrophoricity to weaken. When the proportion of FeS2 reached a certain level, the reaction may produce a large amount of elemental sulfur, which further oxidized and released heat, thus promoting the sample’s pyrophoricity. The study results suggest that the oxidation process of ironic sulfide involved a spontaneous, multistage exothermic reaction and produced intermediate products such as elemental sulfur, leading to a synergistic effect that influenced the reaction process.
•Mapping knowledge domain was proposed to systematically analyze fire safety.•Temporal-spatial distribution of publications was visualized and analyzed.•Three main knowledge bases of fire safety ...studies were captured.•Research hotspots and frontier topics were visually explored using burst analysis.
To understand the current status and the development of fire safety studies, explore the knowledge bases and research frontiers, 2027 fire safety-related papers from 2000 to 2019 were retrieved from the SCIE and SSCI databases of the Web of Science platform as data samples. Bibliometric analysis methods for informetrics, such as co-occurrence analysis, co-citation analysis, and burst analysis of keywords were adopted for comprehensive visualization analysis of fire safety studies by means of two tools of mapping knowledge domains. The results show that China has the highest number of publications in the country/region and that the University of Science and Technology of China has the highest number of publications of relevant institutions. Analysis of flame retardance, thermodynamics and flame retardant polymer development of graphite and other nanomaterials are the knowledge bases in the field of fire safety studies. Fire Safety Journal, Fire Technology, Fire and Materials, Journal of Fire Sciences, and Building and Environment are the core journals in this field. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, Fire Safety Journal and Fire Technology are the top 3 journals related to fire safety studies of tunnel and underground space. The research topics were aggregated into three core paths: the “fire safety of building and tunnel” path, the “combustion behavior-simulation analysis” path, and the “flame-retardant material” path. Building and tunnel fires, forest fires, and materials science engineering have been hot research areas in recent years. At present, the basic theory and research system of fire safety studies are essentially completed, and there are many future research directions with extensive branches. The fire safety of tunnel and underground space, intelligent firefighting and rescue, the basic theories and research systems in the field of fire and flame retardant materials represent the current frontiers of fire safety studies.
PDF
