Background: We aimed to examine the impacts of digital healthy diet literacy (DDL) and healthy eating behaviors (HES) on fear of COVID-19, changes in mental health, and health-related quality of life ...(HRQoL) among front-line healthcare workers (HCWs). Methods: An online survey was conducted at 15 hospitals and health centers from 6–19 April 2020. Data of 2299 front-line HCWs were analyzed—including socio-demographics, symptoms like COVID-19, health literacy, eHealth literacy, DDL, HES, fear of COVID-19, changes in mental health, and HRQoL. Regression models were used to examine the associations. Results: HCWs with higher scores of DDL and HES had lower scores of FCoV-19S (regression coefficient, B, −0.04; 95% confidence interval, 95% CI, −0.07, −0.02; p = 0.001; and B, −0.10; 95% CI, −0.15, −0.06; p < 0.001); had a higher likelihood of stable or better mental health status (odds ratio, OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.00, 1.05; p = 0.029; and OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.00, 1.07; p = 0.043); and HRQoL (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01, 1.03; p = 0.006; and OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02, 1.06; p = 0.001), respectively. Conclusions: DDL and HES were found as independent predictors of fear of COVID−19, changes in mental health status, and HRQoL in front-line HCWs. Improving DDL and HES should be considered as a strategic approach for hospitals and healthcare systems.
For the purpose of expanding the working potential window and reducing the self-discharge for a Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitor, a positive electrode (cathode) of the Mn-Co-sulfide-polyaniline ...(MCS-PANi) composite coated on porous graphite paper was prepared using the reverse voltage pulse electrodeposition method. The electrode first achieved a high specific capacitance of 1048.8 F g
−1
at a scan rate of 5 mV s
−1
in the 1 M ZnSO
4
and 0.1 M MnSO
4
electrolyte solution. The Zn negative electrode (anode) was modified by organic fatty alcohol additives to reduce oxidation and dendrite growth. A hydrophilic modified polypropylene (PP) nonwoven fabric was used as a separator. The MCS-PANi-Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitor (MPZHSC) exhibited a very wide potential window of 2 V in aqueous electrolytes, a high specific capacitance value of 586.7 F g
−1
at a scan rate of 5 mV s
−1
, an excellent durability of 98.3% after 11 232 cycles and a low self-discharge rate, retaining over 60% of its initial voltage value after 7 days. In addition, a device with a small active area of 2 cm
2
can be used to light a 2.5 W LED module for about 15 min, suggesting MPZHSC's potential practical applications.
For expanding the working potential window and reducing the self-discharge for a Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitor, a cathode of the Mn-Co-sulfide-polyaniline (MCS-PANi) composite was prepared by the reverse voltage pulse electrodeposition method.
With the continuous growth of internet usage, Google Trends has emerged as a source of information to investigate how social trends evolve over time. Knowing how the level of interest in conservation ...topics--approximated using Google search volume--varies over time can help support targeted conservation science communication. However, the evolution of search volume over time and the mechanisms that drive peaks in searches are poorly understood. We conducted time series analyses on Google search data from 2004 to 2013 to investigate: (i) whether interests in selected conservation topics have declined and (ii) the effect of news reporting and academic publishing on search volume. Although trends were sensitive to the term used as benchmark, we did not find that public interest towards conservation topics such as climate change, ecosystem services, deforestation, orangutan, invasive species and habitat loss was declining. We found, however, a robust downward trend for endangered species and an upward trend for ecosystem services. The quantity of news articles was related to patterns in Google search volume, whereas the number of research articles was not a good predictor but lagged behind Google search volume, indicating the role of news in the transfer of conservation science to the public.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract
Introduction
The emphasis on disease prevention, early detection, and preventive treatments will revolutionize the way sleep clinicians evaluate their patients. Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) ...is one of the most prevalent sleep disorders with approximately 100 millions patients been diagnosed worldwide. The effectiveness of sleep disorder therapies can be enhanced by providing personalized and real-time prediction of OSA episode onsets. Previous attempts at OSA prediction are limited to capturing the nonlinear, nonstationary dynamics of the underlying physiological processes.
Methods
This paper reports an investigation into heart rate dynamics aiming to predict in real time the onsets of OSA episode before the clinical symptoms appear. The method includes (a) a representation of a transition state space network to characterize dynamic transition of apneic states (b) a Dirichlet-Process Mixture-Gaussian-Process prognostic method for estimating the distribution of the time estimate the remaining time until the onset of an impending OSA episode by considering the stochastic evolution of the normal states to an anomalous (apnea)
Results
The approach was tested using three datasets including (1) 20 records from 14 OSA subjects in benchmark ECG apnea databases (Physionet.org), (2) records of eight subjects from previous work. The average prediction accuracy (R2) is reported as 0.75%, with 87% of observations within the 95% confidence interval. Estimated risk indicators at 1 to 3 min till apnea onset are reported as 85.8 %, 80.2 %, and 75.5 %, respectively.
Conclusion
The present prognosis approach can be integrated with wearable devices to facilitate individualized treatments and timely prevention therapies.
Support
N/A
Visualizing chemical reactions as they occur requires atomic spatial and femtosecond temporal resolution. Here, we report imaging of the molecular structure of acetylene (C₂H₂) 9 femtoseconds after ...ionization. Using mid-infrared laser-induced electron diffraction (LIED), we obtained snapshots as a proton departs the C₂H₂²⁺ ion. By introducing an additional laser field, we also demonstrate control over the ultrafast dissociation process and resolve different bond dynamics for molecules oriented parallel versus perpendicular to the LIED field. These measurements are in excellent agreement with a quantum chemical description of field-dressed molecular dynamics.
Lack of understanding of the circulation, emergence of avian influenza new strain viruses, and risk of transmission from animal to human were big challenges causing heavy losses in human life and ...socio-economic. SARI collaborative surveillance has been set up and operated to fill the gaps in the border province of Vietnam - Cambodia.
Clinical, epidemiological data and outcomes of SARI patients were collected in provincial hospital. Samples were performed by PCR technique for influenza and non-influenza viruses included Coronaviruses, Paramyxoviruses, Filoviruses, and Flaviviruses. Positive influenza samples were isolated and characterized. Information sharing and risk analysis were conducted between animal health and public health sectors
SARI patient per year was 14.4% (3016/20956) among hospitalized and incident rate was 534.4/100000 population. Annual death caused by SARI ranged from 6.6 - 12.5%. Most SARI patients were neonatal (55.4% - 529/95)). Among 20.1% (955/4741) represented SARI patients were tested, respiratory and influenza virus-positive samples were 70.4% (673/955) and 24.9% (238/955) respectively. Influenza A/H1N1pdm09 virus was dominant (50.9%) and RSV accounted for 16.6% (159/955) and mostly in children <5. Coronaviruses and paramyxoviruses were detected. Coinfected respiratory viruses was 25.6% (245/955). H5N1, H9, and H5N6 viruses have been detected in domestic poultry and pig.
Collaborative surveillance fundamentally contributed to monitoring the evolution, showed risk of transmission of avian influenza viruses to human exists considerably high, and strengthened the pandemic preparedness capacity of public health and animal health sectors. Intensive studies and wider expansion to multi-sector coordination and across-national borders are needed.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a lethal lung disease with progressive fibrosis and death within 2-3 y of diagnosis. IPF incidence and prevalence rates are increasing annually with few ...effective treatments available. Inhibition of IL-6 results in the attenuation of pulmonary fibrosis in mice. It is unclear whether this is due to blockade of classical signaling, mediated by membrane-bound IL-6Rα, or trans signaling, mediated by soluble IL-6Rα (sIL-6Rα). Our study assessed the role of sIL-6Rα in IPF. We demonstrated elevations of sIL-6Rα in IPF patients and in mice during the onset and progression of fibrosis. We demonstrated that protease-mediated cleavage from lung macrophages was important in production of sIL-6Rα. In vivo neutralization of sIL-6Rα attenuated pulmonary fibrosis in mice as seen by reductions in myofibroblasts, fibronectin, and collagen in the lung. In vitro activation of IL-6 trans signaling enhanced fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix protein production, effects relevant in the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that the production of sIL-6Rα from macrophages in the diseased lung contributes to IL-6 trans signaling that in turn influences events crucial in pulmonary fibrosis.
Abstract The exploration of potential variations in fundamental physical constants is crucial for testing of Grand Unification Theories (GUTs), which aim to unify the fundamental forces of nature. ...This study utilizes direct observational tests to explore these variations, offering a deep-look into the universe's distant past. By analyzing high-resolution quasar spectra of HE 0515–4414 * and comparing them with laboratory-calibrated Ritz wavelengths, we establish an upper limit on the possible cosmological deviation of the gravitational constant: $$\dot{\text{G}}/\text{G}=(0.918 \pm 2.830)\times {10}^{-15}{\text{ yr}}^{-1}$$ G ˙ / G = ( 0.918 ± 2.830 ) × 10 - 15 yr - 1 over cosmic timescales. Our findings provide a novel tool for probing the physical implications of GUTs, contributing to our understanding of fundamental physics.
Natural forests in Vietnam have experienced rapid declines in the last 70 years, as a result of degradation from logging and conversion of natural forests to timber and rubber plantations. ...Degradation of natural forests leads to loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services, impacting the livelihoods of surrounding communities. Efforts to address ongoing loss of natural forests, through mechanisms such as Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD+), require an understanding of the links between forest degradation and the livelihoods of local communities, which have rarely been studied in Vietnam. We combined information from livelihood surveys, remote sensing and forest inventories around a protected natural forest area in North Central Vietnam. For forest-adjacent communities, we found natural forests contributed an average of 28% of total household income with plantation forests contributing an additional 15%. Although officially prohibited, logging contributed more than half of the total income derived from natural forests. Analysis of Landsat images over the period 1990 to 2014 combined with forest inventory data, demonstrates selective logging was leading to ongoing degradation of natural forests resulting in loss of 3.3 ± 0.8 Mg biomass ha−1 yr−1 across the protected area. This is equivalent to 1.5% yr−1 of total forest biomass, with rates as high as 3% yr−1 in degraded and easily accessible parts of the protected area. We estimate that preventing illegal logging would incur local opportunity costs of USD $4.10 ± 0.90 per Mg CO2, similar to previous estimates for tropical forest protected areas and substantially less than the opportunity costs in timber or agricultural concessions. Our analysis suggests activities to reduce forest degradation in protected areas are likely to be financially viable through Vietnam's REDD+ program.
We compared seven node vaccination strategies in twelve real-world complex networks. The node vaccination strategies are modeled as node removal on networks. We performed node vaccination strategies ...both removing nodes according to the initial network structure, i.e., non-adaptive approach, and performing partial node rank recalculation after node removal, i.e., semi-adaptive approach. To quantify the efficacy of each vaccination strategy, we used three epidemic spread indicators: the size of the largest connected component, the total number of infected at the end of the epidemic, and the maximum number of simultaneously infected individuals. We show that the best vaccination strategies in the non-adaptive and semi-adaptive approaches are different and that the best strategy also depends on the number of available vaccines. Furthermore, a partial recalculation of the node centrality increases the efficacy of the vaccination strategies by up to 80%.
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