Between 2010 and 2014, four chikungunya and two Zika virus infections were identified among 8,105 febrile children in southern Vietnam. Zika viruses were linked to French Polynesian strains, ...chikungunya to Cambodian strains. Against a backdrop of endemic dengue transmission, chikungunya and Zika present an additional arboviral disease burden in Vietnam.
Background. Early prediction of severe dengue could significantly assist patient triage and case management. Methods. We prospectively investigated 7563 children with ≤3 days of fever recruited in ...the outpatient departments of 6 hospitals in southern Vietnam between 2010 and 2013. The primary endpoint of interest was severe dengue (2009 World Health Organization Guidelines), and predefined risk variables were collected at the time of enrollment to enable prognostic model development. Results. The analysis population comprised 7544 patients, of whom 2060 (27.3%) had laboratory-confirmed dengue; nested among these were 117 (1.5%) severe cases. In the multivariate logistic model, a history of vomiting, lower platelet count, elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level, positivity in the nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) rapid test, and viremia magnitude were all independently associated with severe dengue. The final prognostic model (Early Severe Dengue Identifier ESDI) included history of vomiting, platelet count, AST level. and NS1 rapid test status. Conclusions. The ESDI had acceptable performance features (area under the curve = 0.95, sensitivity 87% (95% confidence interval CI, 80%–92%), specificity 88% (95% CI, 87%–89%), positive predictive value 10% (95% CI, 9%–12%), and negative predictive value of 99% (95% CI, 98%–100%) in the population of all 7563 enrolled children. A score chart, for routine clinical use, was derived from the prognostic model and could improve triage and management of children presenting with fever in dengue-endemic areas.
Dengue is the commonest arboviral disease of humans. An early and accurate diagnosis of dengue can support clinical management, surveillance and disease control and is central to achieving the World ...Health Organisation target of a 50% reduction in dengue case mortality by 2020.
5729 children with fever of <72 hrs duration were enrolled into this multicenter prospective study in southern Vietnam between 2010-2012. A composite of gold standard diagnostic tests identified 1692 dengue cases. Using statistical methods, a novel Early Dengue Classifier (EDC) was developed that used patient age, white blood cell count and platelet count to discriminate dengue cases from non-dengue cases.
The EDC had a sensitivity of 74.8% (95%CI: 73.0-76.8%) and specificity of 76.3% (95%CI: 75.2-77.6%) for the diagnosis of dengue. As an adjunctive test alongside NS1 rapid testing, sensitivity of the composite test was 91.6% (95%CI: 90.4-92.9%).
We demonstrate that the early diagnosis of dengue can be enhanced beyond the current standard of care using a simple evidence-based algorithm. The results should support patient management and clinical trials of specific therapies.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Objectives
To find a simple enzymatic strategy for the efficient synthesis of the expensive 5′-hydroxyomeprazole sulfide, a recently identified minor human metabolite, from omeprazole sulfide, which ...is an inexpensive substrate.
Results
The practical synthetic strategy for the 5′-OH omeprazole sulfide was accomplished with a set of highly active CYP102A1 mutants, which were obtained by blue colony screening from CYP102A1 libraries with a high conversion yield. The mutant and even the wild-type enzyme of CYP102A1 catalyzed the high regioselective (98 %) C-H hydroxylation of omeprazole sulfide to 5′-OH omeprazole sulfide with a high conversion yield (85–90 %).
Conclusions
A highly efficient synthesis of 5′-OH omeprazole sulfide was developed using CYP102A1 from
Bacillus megaterium
as a biocatalyst.
Landslides are considered one of the most serious problems in the mountainous regions of the northern part of Vietnam due to the special topographic and geological conditions associated with the ...occurrence of tropical storms, steep slopes on hillsides, and human activities. This study initially identified areas susceptible to landslides in Ta Van Commune, Sapa District, Lao Cai Region using Analytical Hierarchy Analysis. Ten triggering and conditioning parameters were analyzed: elevation, slope, aspect, lithology, valley depth, relief amplitude, distance to roads, distance to faults, land use, and precipitation. The consistency index (
CI
) was 0.0995, indicating that no inconsistency in the decision-making process was detected during computation. The consistency ratio (
CR
) was computed for all factors and their classes were less than 0.1. The landslide susceptibility index (LSI) was computed and reclassified into five categories: very low, low, moderate, high, and very high. Approximately 9.9% of the whole area would be prone to landslide occurrence when the LSI value indicated at very high and high landslide susceptibility. The area under curve (AUC) of 0.75 illustrated that the used model provided good results for landslide susceptibility mapping in the study area. The results revealed that the predicted susceptibility levels were in good agreement with past landslides. The output also illustrated a gradual decrease in the density of landslide from the very high to the very low susceptible regions, which showed a considerable separation in the density values. Among the five classes, the highest landslide density of 0.01274 belonged to the very high susceptibility zone, followed by 0.00272 for the high susceptibility zone. The landslide susceptibility map presented in this paper would help local authorities adequately plan their landslide management process, especially in the very high and high susceptible zones.
The purpose of this study is to examine the factors affecting the development of the night economy in Da Nang city, Vietnam on the basis of a survey of 346 domestic tourists choosing this as a ...tourist destination and participate in night activities and services. The author has synthesized the relevant background theory as well as previous outstanding studies on the issue of tourism development and night economy. SPSS 20 software was used to test the relationship between factors affecting the development of the night economy based on the viewpoints of tourists, residents and local authorities. The results of the study show that 05 factors affect the development of the night economy in Da Nang city in order: The development of a variety of services; Legal and safety regulations; cultural experience opportunities; infrastructure and traffic; service prices. The remaining two factors did not find any influence on the development of the night economy: tourism natural resources; promote and share. The study once again confirms the relationship between the factors affecting the development of the night economy and is a document to help researchers understand better in the research context in Vietnam, one of the leading countries in the world. developing countries and are limited in developing the night economy after the Covid-19 pandemic.
The global water crisis is being exacerbated by climate change, even in the United States. Recycled water is a feasible alternative to alleviate the water shortage, but it is constrained by humans’ ...perceptions. The current study examines how residents’ water scarcity awareness and climate change belief influence their willingness to use recycled water directly and indirectly. Bayesian Mindsponge Framework (BMF) analytics was employed on a dataset of 1831 residents in Albuquerque, New Mexico, an arid inland region in the US. We discovered that residents’ willingness to use direct recycled potable water is positively affected by their awareness of water scarcity, but the effect is conditional on their belief in the impacts of climate change on the water cycle. Meanwhile, the willingness to use indirect recycled potable water is influenced by water scarcity awareness, and the belief in climate change further enhances this effect. These findings implicate that fighting climate change denialism and informing the public of the water scarcity situation in the region can contribute to the effectiveness and sustainability of long-term water conservation and climate change alleviation efforts.
This study investigated the effects of tea leaf (Camellia sinensis) extract on the quality of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) fillets during 18-months of frozen storage (-20 + or - 2 ...degreesC). Fillet samples were submitted to the treatments Control (cold tap water), CS 7.63 (C. sinensis extract solution 7.63 microg / mL) and CS 625 (C. sinensis extract 625 microg / mL) and stored for 18 months, with collections performed at 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 18 months. Total viable count, physicochemical parameters (water holding capacity, total volatile basic nitrogen, peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, moisture and pH), sensory properties and color measurement were evaluated. Results showed that fillets treated with C.a sinensis extracts slightly reduced lipid oxidation, inhibited bacterial growth and improved sensory properties compared to untreated samples, without causing significant changes in the other quality indicators. The findings indicated that the green tea leaf extract immersion treatments, contributed to the improved quality preservation of striped catfish fillets during frozen storage. Key words: Camellia sinensis, extract, frozen storage, striped catfish. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos do extrato de folhas de cha verde (Camellia sinensis) na qualidade de files de bagre listrado (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) durante 18 meses de armazenamento congelado (-20 + or - 2 degrees C). O estudo incluiu tres tratamentos: imersao dos files de bagre listrado em agua fria da torneira como um tratamento de controle, em solucao de extrato de Camellia sinensis 7,63 microg/mL e em solucao de extrato de Camellia sinensis 625 microg/mL. As amostras foram armazenadas por 18 meses e as coletas foram feitas aos zero, um, tres, seis, nove, 12 e 18 meses. Os parametros avaliados incluiram contagem viavel total, parametros fisico-quimicos (capacidade de retencao de agua, nitrogenio basico volatil total, valor de peroxido, substancias reativas ao acido tiobarbiturico, umidade epH), propriedades sensoriais e medicao de cor. Os resultados mostraram que os files de bagre listrado tratados com extratos de Camellia sinensis reduziram ligeiramente a oxidacao de lipidios, inibiram o crescimento de bacterias e aumentaram as propriedades sensoriais em comparacao com as amostras nao tratadas. Alem disso, o tratamento do extrato de Camellia sinensis nao afetou o pH, a umidade, a capacidade de retencao de agua, o nitrogenio basico volatil total e a cor do file durante o armazenamento congelado. Com base na contagem viavel total, parametros fisico-quimicos e qualidade sensorial, pode-se concluir que files de bagre listrados nao tratados ou tratados com extratos de Camellia sinensis (7,63 e 625 microg / mL) podem ser usados por ate 18 meses. Palavras-chave: Camellia sinensis, extrato, armazenamento congelado, bagre listrado.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Grain sizes and minerals of sediments from the Gulf of Tonkin were evaluated from 30 surface samples and 50 samples from two cores. The distribution of grain sizes and minerals from these samples ...were determined to help understand sediment characteristics, origins, and environmental dynamics. There were five sediment types: fine and very fine sands, very coarse, coarse, and medium silts. Minerals in the sediment were identified as decreasing in terms of the content of quartz, illite, kaolinite, chlorite, feldspar, goethite, halite, calcite, gibbsite, aragonite, and montmorillonite. Contents of major minerals such as quartz, illite, kaolinite, and chlorite varied from nearshore to offshore; quartz was higher nearshore than offshore; illite, kaolinite, and chlorite from nearshore were lower than offshore; calcite and aragonite were low nearshore and higher in the offshore; goethite was lower offshore and higher nearshore; and, finally, halite was high offshore and low nearshore. Surface sediments were divided into three groups based on sedimentary environment characteristics: Group 1 was distributed nearshore with strong dynamics, Group 2 in bays and nearshore with weak dynamics, and Group 3 was distributed offshore with quiet dynamics. The origin of the sediments was weathering and erosion from the mainland and islands under the river and sea processes in the Gulf of Tonkin with quartz, illite, kaolinite, feldspar, chlorite, and montmorillonite found present in the sediment. Geochemical processes produced goethite, gibbsite, halite, and pyrite in the sediments while biological substances produced calcite and aragonite.
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